时间:2019-02-07 作者:英语课 分类:英美文化


英语课

   五月一日是众所周知的国际劳动节,那么你们知道其实这是一个与法国有关的日子。五月一日在英语里叫做May Day,把这两个单词连起来写就是mayday,mayday是遇险的飞机、船只等使用的国际无线电呼救信号。“五月一日”作为呼救信号,与法国准确地说是法语的确可以搭上关系。


  那还是在1923年,一位在伦敦克罗伊登(Croydon)机场负责无线电通讯的工作人员默克福特(Frederick Stanley Mockford,1897—1962)建议使用法语m’aider(帮助我、救助我)作为求救信号。默克福特之所以选择这个法语词组,有两个原因。其一,这个词听起来响亮简洁,发音清晰,也容易被听清楚;其二,在那时来往英国的飞机大部分是来自巴黎布尔盖特(Le Bourget),飞行员基本上都会法语。不过,m’aider虽然说的轻巧,但是让不懂法语的人写出来就不那么顺畅了。自然而然地,英语中就用“五月一日”mayday代替了法语拼写的m’aider。
  Mayday是在遇到生命危险时使用的求救信号,如果飞机、船只上只是出现了故障,需要紧急抢修,但还没有立即的生命危险时,就要用pan pan这个信号。Pan pan也是源于法语,法语原文是panne,意思是出现了故障。在法国街头,有的公共电话亭上就贴着en panne的纸条,表示电话已坏。
  英语中还有许多这样的法语词。举几个例子来说,在日常生活、新闻报道中常常听到的 la carte(表示按菜单点菜,即不吃套餐) 、 coup 1 d'tat (政变)、dj vu (已经见过)、fait accompli(既成事实)、rendezvous(约会)、vis--vis(相对于)、encore(谢幕时喊的“再来一次”)等都是英语中常见的法语词。
  据估计,在英语中有40%的词汇来源于法语(包括旧法语,即奥依语),而且这些词一般含义都比较高雅艰深。

n.政变;突然而成功的行动
  • The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
  • That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。
标签: mayday
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