50年前的烟草报告改变了世界-英语课

时间：2019-02-05 作者：英语课 分类：英语新闻

英语课

50年前的烟草报告改变了世界　　

If there is one person whose work created a ripple 1 effect that is changing the world, it was the ninth surgeon general of the United States. Fifty years ago this month, he issued a report that linked cigarette smoking to lung cancer and heart disease.

　　On a cold, rainy day at Arlington National Cemetery 2, people gathered to remember and honor a man who devoted 3 his life to improving the health of others.
　　Surgeon General Luther Terry, now buried at the cemetery for military heroes, released a report in 1964 that linked smoking with cancer.
　　"President Kennedy ultimately selects him to be the ninth surgeon general," said Rear Admiral Boris Lushniak.
　　Acting 4 Surgeon General, Rear Admiral Boris Lushniak, spoke 5 of Dr. Terry's accomplishments 6.
　　"What took place 50 years ago changed the world. Fifty years ago, [it was a] completely different world when it comes to tobacco use and smoking," he said.
　　Smoking was accepted everywhere: in airplanes, in bars and restaurants and in work places.
　　"Statistically 7, almost half the U.S. adult population smoked at that point," said Lushniak.
　　And the other half, including children, breathed in toxic 8, smoke-filled air. It was part of the culture until Dr. Terry released the report produced by a committee of scientists.
　　“And the stand was, ‘It is definitive 9. There is a tie-in between tobacco use, smoking, lung cancer as well as heart disease.' And I think that really rattled 10 the world that the U.S. government, specifically the surgeon general as a representative of the U.S. government, came out with such a strong stance," said Lushniak.
　　U.S. policies gradually changed... eventually mandating 11 smoke-free areas in the work-place and elsewhere.
　　Education campaigns warned people of the dangers of tobacco use. In the past 50 years, more than three dozen surgeon generals' reports revealed more negative health effects of tobacco use. They found that even those who don't use cigarettes, but breathe in other's smoke, are exposed to serious health risks and deadly disease.
　　These policies have helped cut the rate of smoking in the U.S. from 43 percent to 18 percent, according to Dr. Lushniak. But stopping smoking is hard.
　　"Remember, this is not just a habit. This is an addiction 12. Fifty years from now, I would love to think we won’t have to issue a 100th anniversary report because the problem will have been solved," he said.
　　But the job isn't done. Five and a half million people die each year, including half a million Americans, because they used some form of tobacco or breathed someone else's smoke, and the number is expected to rise.
　　From 1964 on, Dr. Terry devoted his live to ending the smoking epidemic 13.

1 ripple

n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进

The pebble made a ripple on the surface of the lake.石子在湖面上激起一个涟漪。
The small ripple split upon the beach.小小的涟漪卷来，碎在沙滩上。

2 cemetery

n.坟墓，墓地，坟场

He was buried in the cemetery.他被葬在公墓。
His remains were interred in the cemetery.他的遗体葬在墓地。

3 devoted

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

4 acting

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

5 spoke

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说