时间:2019-02-02 作者:英语课 分类:实用英语


英语课
三、慎重处理合同的关键细目
 
实践证明,英译合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说,不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目.比如:金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错,在英译合同时,常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。

3.1. 限定责任
众所周知,合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下。 


3.1.1 and/or
常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。
例 9:如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应负全责。
The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo 1 on buard.


3.1.2 by and between
常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。
例 10:买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。
This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated 2 below. 


3.2. 限定时间
英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。 


3.2.1 双介词
用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。
例 11;自9月2O日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。
Party Ashall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20. 
例 12:我公司的条件是,3 个月内,即不得晚于5月1 日,支付现金。
Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1. 


3.2.2 not(no)later than
用“not (no) later than +日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。 
例 13:本合同签字之日一个月内,即不迟于12月15日,你方须将货物装船。
Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.


3.2.3 include 的相应形式
常用 include 的相应形式:inclusive、including 和 included,来限定含当日在内的时间。
例 14:本证在北京议付,有效期至1月1日。
This credit expires till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation 3 in Beijing. (or:This credit expires till and including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.) 如果不包括1月1日在内,英译为 till and not including January 1。 


3.3. 限定金额
为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改,英译时常用以下措施严格把关。 


3.3.1.大写文字重复金额
英译金额须在小写之后,在括号内用大写文字重复该金额,即使原文合同中没有大写,英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”,意为“大写”;在最后加上“ONLY”.意思为“整”。必须注意:小写与大写的金额数量要一致。 
例 16:聘方须每月付给受聘方美元 500 元整。
Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).


3.3.2. 正确使用货币符号
英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“£”不仅代表“英镑”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币。
必须注意:当金额用数字书写时,金额数字必须紧靠货币符号,例如:Can $891,568,不能写成:Can $ 891,568。另外,翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点 (.) 还是分节号 (,),因为这两个符号极易引起笔误,稍有疏忽,其后果是不堪设想的。



n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物
  • The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
  • A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。
vt.& vi.规定;约定adj.[法]合同规定的
  • A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。
  • Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀,我想那是我们所订定的。 来自辞典例句
n.谈判,协商
  • They closed the deal in sugar after a week of negotiation.经过一星期的谈判,他们的食糖生意成交了。
  • The negotiation dragged on until July.谈判一直拖到7月份。
学英语单词
'Irāq al Amīr
acentrous vertebrae
acrothecium rubi
acyl carrier protein (ACP)
aging physiology
algevraic
american personnel and guidance association
Ames rooms
attack-oriented
ausformannealing
axial (flow) fan
barbed broach
barytons
by-elections
Bükkzsérc
checking for leaks
Cherdyn'
Christensen phenomenon
come descend on the rigth side of the fence
compressor vane
cortese
cultural hegemony
daily existence
Dingla
Dipuciaine
dispunged
dust pipe
easing away
EGPT
either-rotation motor
element field description statement
empathy-inducing
execrates
f.a.a.
face preparation
femmephobia
First Baron Passfield
for itself
forest bed
fuel pulverizing mill
greeneyes
gwaine
Hoffmann's atrophy
hydrogen peroxidase
hydrophthalmoscope
in the pink of perfection
kabuki-za
Kalmagak
kretzschmar
lay flat
lifting turbine cover
liquidate the national debt
lovemaker
MagicBeads
magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
make a requisition on
management override
maximum climbing
misopinions
Moeller
most favoured nation tariff rates
nanostrip
oblong plate
obtusiloba
ordering company
orlop beam plate
over-charge
papodums
parulids
perforated panel air outlet
plain boiled water
plummer block keep
purple-fringed orchid
push me around
pushup storage
quasisplit algebraic group
quickfit joint
regular variety
reticuloendothelial systems
rf flat-topping cavity
scrape
sericiculture
shedding of solids
Simle
snippery
special chemical tanker
sub-machine
subbundle
synoecy(correns 1928)
targeting coefficient
thio-acids
three-cornered jacks
threu
trunk chain
Trégunc
unpreventably
upon my conscience
water vapor transmission
Wawanesa
webge slot
whitetails
zephyrus