GRE issue 内容分类：education

 　　一、学习教育类：

　　3/35/137
　　Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade 1 students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.
　　教育机构有责任劝阻学生不要从事不太可能成功的科学研究。
　　6/14/96/116
　　A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.
　　在进行大学教育以前，国家应该要求所有的学生学习统一的国家课程。
　　12/25
　　Governments should offer a free university education to any student who has been admitted to a university but who cannot afford the tuition.
　　(对任何被大学录取但无法承担学费的学生)，政府应该为他们提供免费大学教育。
　　13/46/102/70/112/54/140/142
　　Claim: Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's major field of study.
　　Reason: Acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated.
　　结论：大学应该要求每个学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科。
　　原因：接受真正的教育的最佳途径是获得各种学科知识。
　　Requiring university students to take a variety of courses outside their major fields of study is the best way to ensure that students become truly educated.
　　让每个大学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科，是接受真正的教育的最佳途径。
　　54 In order to become well-rounded individuals, all college students should be required to take courses in which they read poetry, novels, mythology 2, and other types of imaginative literature.
　　为了成为全面发展的个体，应该要求所有的大学生选择可以阅读诗歌、小说、神话等想象力文学的课程。
　　140 Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields.
　　有些人认为大学应该要求每个学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科。也有人认为大学不应该强迫学生学习任何课程，除非这些课程有利于学生在所选的领域就业。
　　142 Claim: Colleges and universities should specify 3 all required courses and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance for students.
　　Reason: College students—like people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.
　　结论：为了给学生提供一个明确的方向，学院和大学应该指定所有的必修课程，移除选修课程。
　　原因：和大众一样，大学生更喜欢按部就班，不喜欢自己做决定。
　　15/32/98/129/135/136/20/39
　　Educational institutions should actively 4 encourage their students to choose fields of study that will prepare them for lucrative 5 careers.
　　教育机构应该积极鼓励学生选择那些为将来高收入工作铺路/就业前景好/容易找到工作的研究领域。
　　20/39
　　Some people believe that college students should consider only their own talents and interests when choosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field. 有些人认为大学生应该根据自己的才能和兴趣选择研究领域。也有人认为大学生应该选择那些容易找到工作的研究领域。
　　College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than the courses that seem most likely to lead to jobs.
　　应该鼓励大学生选择自己感兴趣的课程，而不是那些容易找到工作的课程。
　　17/68
　　Some people believe that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit.
　　Others believe that formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.
　　有些人认为教育的目的是解放思维和精神。也有人认为正规教育往往遏制学生的思维和精神，而不是解放它们。
　　24/29/52
　　The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.
　　教育的最佳方式是赞扬积极的行为，忽视消极的行为。
　　30/83
　　Teachers' salaries should be based on the academic performance of their students.
　　教师的薪水应该基于学生的学业成绩。
　　40/90/47
　　Claim: When planning courses, educators should take into account the interests and suggestions of their students.
　　Reason: Students are more motivated to learn when they are interested in what they are studying.
　　结论：在编制教学课程时，教育工作者应该考虑学生的兴趣和建议。
　　原因：当学生对所学的内容感兴趣时，他们学习的动力更强。
　　47 Educators should find out what students want included in the curriculum and then offer it to them.
　　教育工作者应该发掘学生对课程的需求，并满足他们。
　　45/138
　　Some people believe that competition for high grades motivates students to excel in the classroom. Others believe that such competition seriously limits the quality of real learning.
　　有些人认为，追求高分数促进学生在课堂表现优秀。也有人认为，这样的竞争只会限制学习的质量。
　　49/76/118
　　Claim: We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from those whose views contradict our own.
　　Reason: Disagreement can cause stress and inhibit 6 learning.
　　结论：相比意见不同的人来说，通常，我们从意见相同的人那里学的更多。
　　原因：意见不统一会导致压力，阻碍学习。
　　34 In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view.
　　在任何情况下，持有不同意见的人讨论过程中才会有进步。
　　81/95
　　All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.
　　所有的家长都必须无偿地为子女的学校花费时间。
　　82/97/100/124
　　Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.
　　学院或大学应该要求学生在国外至少留学一个学期。
　　37 Society should identify those children who have special talents and provide training for them at an early age to develop their talents.
　　社会应该甄别那些天资聪颖的孩子，并且年幼的时候就开始提供训练培养它们的才能。
　　42 Students should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.
　　学生应该质疑所学的知识，而不是被动的接受。
　　48 Educators should teach facts only after their students have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts.
　　学生应该先学习有助于解释知识的理念、趋势和概念后，教育工作者再教学生知识。
　　58 Learning is primarily a matter of personal discipline; students cannot be motivated by school or college alone.
　　从根本上讲，教育是个人的事情。学校不可能单方面激励学生。
　　73 Colleges and universities should require all faculty 7 to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.
　　学院和大学应该要求所有的教员拿出时间，参与学术界以外与教学科目相关的领域工作。
　　92 Educators should base their assessment 8 of students' learning not on students' grasp of facts but on the ability to explain the ideas, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate 9.
　　在评估学生的学习情况时，教育工作者应该关注学生是否能够解释所学知识阐明的思想、趋势和概念，而不是是否牢记知识。
　　101 Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning.
　　尽管诸如电视、电脑和互联网等发明似乎给学校教育提供改良的手段，但是这些技术往往是在偏离真正的学习。