时间:2019-01-26 作者:英语课 分类:英语听力文摘 English Digest


英语课

Drinking and Smoking

烟酒不分家?




Scientists have long been aware of the link between drinking and smoking. In fact, eighty to ninety percent of alcoholics also smoke, which is about three times the rate in the general population. But a recent study suggests that what you’re dealing 2 with isn’t just behavioral–it also has to do with brain chemistry.



The study suggests that alcohol 1 increases the pleasurable effects of nicotine 3Participants drank an alcoholicbeverage and smoked either a regular cigarette or a nicotine free one. Those who smoked nicotine-free cigarettes didn’t report as much satisfaction, which indicates that the nicotine itself plays a critical role in the interaction.



And then there’s all that lowering of inhibitions that happens when you drink.  It doesn’t take much alcohol to increase the pleasures of nicotine. Once scientists get to the bottom of the pharmacological interaction that happens between alcohol and nicotine, they may have a better understanding of how to treat both addictions 4 more effectively.









科学家们长期以来一直在研究喝酒和抽烟之间的联系。事实上,在那些喝酒的人当中,80%到90%都抽烟,这个比率是总人数的3倍。但最近有研究称这不仅与人的行为有关,而且与大脑化学反应也有一定关系。



这项研究表明酒精可以增强尼古丁令人愉快的效果。参与者喝一杯酒精饮料后再抽一支烟或者抽一支不含尼古丁的香烟。那些抽没有尼古丁香烟的人并没有感受到满足感,由此表明尼古丁在相互影响时自身起到关键性作用。



如果喝酒的话就会降低抑制作用。只需少量的酒精就能增加尼抽烟的的快感。曾经有科学家弄清酒精和尼古丁之间药物影响的真相,这让他们更好的了解如何有效地治疗酗酒和吸烟上瘾的人。





Notes:

get to the bottom of  弄清 ... 的真相



eg:

The police are eager to get to the bottom of this mystery. 

警方急切地想弄清这一神秘事件的真相。




 



n.酒精,乙醇;含酒精的饮料
  • The law forbids shops to sell alcohol to minors.法律禁止商店向未成年者出售含酒精的饮料。
  • The alcohol is industrial.这些酒精是供工业用的。
n.经商方法,待人态度
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
n.(化)尼古丁,烟碱
  • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily.许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
  • Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily.许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
瘾( addiction的名词复数 ); 吸毒成瘾; 沉溺; 癖好
  • He has removed the stigma of drug addictions. 他已经洗去吸毒的污点了。
  • Intelligent people are good at using reason to control excessive addictions. 智慧的人善于用理性来控制过度的嗜欲。
学英语单词
active-area
Amakusa-Shimo-shima
Amd.
Androsace rigida
ant-bears
appropriate to
arbor.
asterolecanium machili
astronomic parallel
atyrau (guryev)
bagatelle
Banneker, Benjamin
beyond sb's tehter
boomhauer
Bragg diffraction
brick facing
bromohyperhidrosis
caterpillar treads
cfat
Chloramoebaceae
computer-phobia
continentalise
cotidal
cross inn
curved buttress dam
decomps
difiore
disk backup
dislocation multiplication
Drypetes salicifolia
Efficient diversification
EI characteristic
elmaz
euproctis postfusca
fanconi-albertini-zellweger(syndrome)
field loop jumper
Fournier's treatment
fuel pit backwash water
genve
gig conveyer
graduate training scheme
gratification deprivation
Ichiki
industrial production
isotopic concentration
karling
law of lights
law of trichotomy
long path emitter
Masaya, L.de
measuring operation
Meknès, Prov.de
Meneng Dist.
miskitu
miss the target
Monkey Bay
Mordovian
NATO Joint Communications-Electronics Committee
Nīleh
occipital anchorage
octave band pressure level
oikiomania
omoo
one time and another
patchett
Physocarpus
pig heaven
Pompiloidea
post-trematic artery
profit before tax
pythium elongatum
Quinault L.
rate of capital return
ruckelshaus
safe-harbor
scale level
sedenes
self oiling
sequence file
shock wave interference
shortsyne
sigill
single-vehicle
skewerings
slice of array
snaring
spilliness
stembridge
strategic attack bombing
superior orbitals
surface board
swiss guards
sypers
That's all she wrote.
tremidine
tromping
type, instruction
U-Zr alloy
uncontrolled fashion
vanadium trichloride
wet gas
withhold business