2010年ESL之商务英语 03 Reviewing Job Applications-英语课

时间：2018-12-03 作者：英语课 分类：2010年ESL之商务英语

英语课

03 Reviewing Job Applications

GLOSSARYstack – a large number of objects that are placed on top of each other vertically* Ms. DuPois has a huge stack of papers to grade this weekend.

pile – a group of things that are put in the same place, next to and on top of eachother, maybe in a disorganized way* Yasuhiro put his dirty clothes in a pile on top of the washing machine andhoped that his roommate would wash them for him.

candidate – a person who wants to receive a particular job or who hopes to beelected for a particular position* Which candidate did you vote for?

to be worth a second look – for a person or thing to have enough goodqualities or characteristics so that it should still be considered for something andnot rejected, even though it isn’t perfect* That school doesn’t offer everything we’re looking for, but it’s definitely worth asecond look.

an embarrassment of riches – too much of a good thing; having too manythings to choose from* It was an embarrassment of riches when they walked into their grandparents’

home to find cookies, cakes, and candy waiting for them.

pathetic – very sad and disappointing because something is not good enough orsophisticated enough* The movie was a pathetic retelling of the story in the novel. I didn’t like it at all.

The book was much better.

material – substance; something that will be used in a particular way for aparticular purpose* Do you really think she’s babysitting material for the neighbors’ children?

to work for peanuts – to work for very little pay; to work in a very low-paying job* Why do you work for peanuts in non-profit organizations? You could get amuch better-paying job in a private company.

to hold down a job – to have and keep a job; to hold on to a job* With her drinking problem, it was difficult for her to hold down a job.

reference – a person who is familiar with one’s work, abilities, talents, andpersonality and is willing to share his or her opinion with another personregarding whether one would be good or bad in another position* He asked his former boss to serve as a reference for his application forgraduate school.

to hold on to a job – to be able to keep a job; to work in a single job for asignificant period of time, especially when it is a difficult job; to hold down a job* Why can’t Ines hold on to a job? No matter where she works, she always getsfired within the first month.

to job-hop – to change jobs frequently, without being in a job long enough toreally do it well or be promoted* After college, Danitsa job-hopped for a few years before she figured out whatshe really wanted to do professionally.

standout – a person or thing that is much better than others and attractsattention because it is better* Stanislav was a standout in all his high school classes, and everyone knew hewas getting perfect grades.

educational background – the type of education that one has, including whereand when one has studied, and which degrees one has earned* Mitch has an impressive educational background, with undergraduate degreesin biochemistry and microbiology and a Ph.D. in pharmacology from one of thebest universities in the country.

interview – a formal meeting between a job applicant and the person who willdecide who should get the job, used to ask questions and find out whether theperson would be able to do the job well* During the interview, be sure that you let them know how much you’d enjoyworking there and why you’re the best applicant for the job.

to snatch up – to grab; to get or use something very quickly, before anyone elsecan get or use it* The shoppers snatched up all the best deals within the first 20 minutes that thestore was open.

you and me, both – a phrase used to show that one completely agrees withwhat another person has said* - I hope this war ends soon.

* - You and me, both.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. What does Jonathan mean when he says he thinks only two people are“employee material”?

a) Only two of the people submitted the right application materials.

b) Only two of the people are related to current employees.

c) Only two of the people might be good employees.

2. Which of these statements are true about people who work for peanuts?

a) They get paid with food instead of money.

b) They don’t get paid very much.

c) They work in the food industry.

______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?

stackThe word “stack,” in this podcast, means a large number of objects that areplaced on top of each other vertically: “Alice always has a large stack of booksnext to her bed, because she likes to read before she falls asleep.” A “haystack”

is a large amount of hay (straw; plant eaten by farm animals) that has beencollected for use later: “How many haystacks do you need for the horses eachwinter?” The phrase “to find a needle in a haystack” means to search forsomething that will be impossible or extremely difficult to find: “Harry hopes tofind the beautiful young woman he saw on the subway, but New York is a hugecity, so it’s going to be like finding a needle in a haystack.”

materialIn this podcast, the word “material” means substance, or something that will beused in a particular way for a particular purpose: “Tara loves her boyfriend, buther parents don’t think he’s husband material.” The word “material” also meansfabric: “Rayleen bought some beautiful purple cotton material to sew a dress anda matching jacket.” The word “material” sometimes means important or relevant:

“The lawyer keeps talking about things that aren’t material to the case, and thejudge is getting tired of it.” “Materials” can also be the things that one uses tostudy, work, or make a presentation: “Her backpack was full of textbooks,notebooks, pens, and other study materials.” Or, “Did you bring any audio-visualmaterials for the presentation?”

CULTURE NOTEA job application is an applicant’s “first impression on” (the way that one isinitially perceived or seen by) the “hiring manager” (the person who isresponsible for deciding who will get a job), so it must be perfect. Unfortunately,many job applicants make mistakes in their application.

Many job applicants “fail to” (do not) follow the application instructions included inthe job description. For example, the instructions might “state” (say) thatapplicants should include their “salary history” (information about how muchmoney one was paid for work in the past) or “contact information” (telephone,email address and/or mailing address) for three references. If an applicationdoes not include this information, the hiring manager may “eliminate” (no longerconsider) that applicant, even if he or she is “otherwise” (in other ways) very wellqualified for the job, because that applicant was unable to follow the instructions.

Other job applicants make the mistake of sending a “generic” (not specific or notchanged to a particular job or organization) resume and “cover letter” (a onepageletter sent with one’s application). If the resume and cover letter don’tspecifically “address” (talk about) how the applicant is qualified for that particularjob, or why the individual wants to work for that particular company, the hiringmanager might “overlook” (not pay enough attention to) that application. Also, ageneric cover letter shows that the applicant didn’t “take the time” (use very muchtime) to learn about the company.

Even worse, some applicants have “typos” (typing mistakes) in their cover letter,or they forget to change some important part of the cover letter. For example,applicants might forget to change the job title if they are “adapting” (usingsomething old for new purpose) a cover letter that they have used before. This isdefinitely not the way to make a good first impression on the hiring manager.

______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – b

COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 552: Reviewing JobApplications.

This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 552. I’m your host, Dr.

Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.

The best way to improve your English is to listen to this episode and to look atthe 8- to 10-page Learning Guide that we have on our website for episode, andall of our current episodes. Go to eslpod.com, become a member of ESLPodcast, and you can download those Learning Guides for every currentepisode.

This episode is a dialogue between Missy and Jonathan. They’re talking aboutpeople who are “applying for work” at their company, people who are asking tobe hired as employees. It’s going to go over a lot of different vocabulary relatedto interviews and job applications. Let’s get started.

[start of dialogue]

Missy: Okay, let’s sort this stack of applications into three piles: goodcandidates, those worth a second look, and definite “no’s.”

Jonathan: Well, that didn’t take long. With this poor economy, I thought we’d getan embarrassment of riches, but these applications are pretty pathetic. I onlysee two of these people as employee material.

Missy: Yeah, well, it might have something to do with the salary we’re offering.

Not everybody is willing to work for peanuts.

Jonathan: Isn’t that the truth! Some of these applicants have never held down ajob before and don’t have a single reference. These others don’t seem to beable to hold on to a job, job-hopping every few months.

Missy: Well, at least we have these two standouts. They both have the righteducational background and level of experience. Should we call them in forinterviews?

Jonathan: Yeah, and I hope they haven’t already been snatched up by anothercompany.

Missy: You and me, both.

[end of dialogue]

Missy says to Jonathan, “Okay, let’s sort this stack of applications into threepiles.” “Let’s sort (let’s organize) this stack (stack) of applications.” A “stack” is alarge number of objects that are placed on top of each other so that you have,vertically, several things on top of each other. We talk about a stack of papers;we could refer to a stack of plates in the kitchen, one on top of the other. Missy’stalking about a stack of applications. An “application” is the written informationthat someone who is trying to get a job at your company fills out, or completes,and gives to you; it gives you their basic information. Missy wants to sort thestack of applications into three piles (piles). A “pile” is a group of things that arein the same place, either next to each other or on top of each other, but not veryorganized. A stack would probably be considered organized, but a pile would bethings that would not be very neat. Maybe some things are “crooked,” somethings aren’t exactly on top of the other things. That would be a pile of things. Ishould mention that “stack” has a couple of different meanings in English besidesthis one; take a look at your Learning Guide for some additional definitions.

So Missy wants to sort the applications into three piles: good candidates, thoseworth a second look, and definite “no’s.” A “candidate” is a person who wants toreceive a particular position or get a particular job. So, a job candidate would besomebody who wanted to work at your company. A political candidate would besomeone who wanted to have a certain political office: the president, a senator,and so forth. The expression “worth a second look” means that this person orthis thing is good enough, has good enough qualities or characteristics that youwant to consider it a little more. It may not be perfect, but it’s good enough. Yousay, “Okay, well, these are good candidates, definite ‘yes’ people.” These arepeople who aren’t perfect, but we want to look at more closely again. They’reworth a second look.

Jonathan says, “Well, that didn’t take long. With this poor economy, I thoughtwe’d get an embarrassment of riches, but these applications are pretty pathetic.”

The expression “an embarrassment of riches” means you have too much of agood thing, or you have too many good things to choose from. He’s saying herethat he thought they would get lots of good applications, too many for them tochoose from, but instead they got applications that were pathetic (pathetic).

Something that is “pathetic” is very sad; in this case, very disappointing. It’s notgood enough. “Pathetic” is a very strong, very negative way of describingsomething. Jonathan says, “I only see two of these people as employeematerial.” The word “material,” here, means something that is used in a particular way for some particular purpose. In this case, these are people whomight make good employees; they’re employee material. “Material” has othermeanings in English; take a look at the Learning Guide for some more detailedexplanations of those.

Missy says, “Yeah, well, it might have something to do with the salary we’reoffering (the amount of money that we will pay this person). Not everybody iswilling to work for peanuts.” The expression “to work for peanuts” means to workfor very little pay, to work at a very low paying job. Missy is saying here that thereason they didn’t get a lot of good applications is that people don’t want to workfor such a low salary.

Jonathan says, “Isn’t that the truth (meaning I agree with you completely)! Someof these applicants have never held down a job before.” “To hold down a job”

means to have and to keep a job for a long time, or at least a reasonable amountof time – more than a week, let’s say. My father once told me that I could neverhold down a job for more than two years, which is about right! Jonathan saysmany of these applicants “don’t have a single reference.” A “reference,” in thisdialogue, means a person who is familiar with your work, who knows you, andwho is willing to give their opinion about you to the employer, to the person or thepersons that are interviewing you. For example, when I applied for a job at theuniversity I needed to give them three references – three is pretty common forU.S. jobs – and those could be my professors, they could be other people Iworked with; they couldn’t be my wife or my mother. You don’t give your familymembers as references, although sometimes people will ask for a personalreference, and that will mean a friend who knows you very well. But usually for ajob you have professional references, people that you’ve worked with or workedfor.

Jonathan says, “These other applicants don’t seem to be able to hold on to a job,job-hopping every few months.” “To hold on to a job” is to keep a job; it’s similarto “hold down a job.” “To hold on to (anything)” means to keep it for a long time;so “to hold on to a job” means to keep the job for a long time. “To hop” (hop)usually means to jump up a short distance in the air while you’re going forward.

We talk about a rabbit, the animal, who hops. They go up and down in the air asthey are moving forward, instead of walking for example. Well, “job-hopping”

means jumping – going from one job to another frequently; every few months orevery year you have a new job. That would be job-hopping. “Bar-hopping”

would be going to different bars to have different drinks. This is called a “pubcrawl” (crawl) in England, but in the United States we usually talk about barhopping.

But we’re not bar-hopping in this dialogue, we’re talking about peoplewho are job-hopping.

Missy says, “Well, at least we have these two standouts.” A “standout” (oneword) is a person who is much better than everyone else, who’s obviously morequalified. Missy says, “They both have the right educational background,”

meaning they have the right kind of education; they’ve studied the right things forthis job. They also have the right level of experience; they’ve worked at this kindof job for a long time. “Should we call them in for interviews?” meaning shouldwe ask them to come to the office and meet with us formally so we can ask themquestions in an interview.

Jonathan says, “Yeah, and I hope they haven’t already been snatched up byanother company.” “To snatch (snatch) up” is a phrasal verb meaning to grab, toget or use something very quickly before other people can get it or use it. AfterChristmas, on December 26th, all the big shopping stores – the shopping mallshave sales, where they lower the price on things. And people get there veryearly – I mean ridiculously early, 5:00 in the morning, 4:00 in the morning – sothey can get the good prices, because they want to snatch up all of the goodthings at low prices before other people get there and take them, before theydon’t have any more left.

So Jonathan is hoping that these two standouts have not been snatched up –have not been already hired by another company. Missy says, “You and me,both.” “You and me, both” means that I completely agree with you; I completelyagree with what you said. Notice grammatically it should be “you and I,” but wedon’t say “you and I”; the expression is “you and me, both.”

Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.