[科学美国人60秒] SSS 2015-12-03
时间：2019-01-20 作者：英语课 分类：2015年Scientific American(十二)月
英语课
The widespread death of honeybees has some farmers fretty because if honey bees disappear, who will pollinate their crops.
" Almost any kind of insects you can think of." Marggie Mayfield, an ecologist at the Universtiy of Queensland in Australia." Globally speaking, flies are probably the second largest group of crop pollinators,I mean, particular a group called Hover 1 Flies or Surface Flies, and these are the sort of large-eyed flies. If you take a hike, you sometimes see them hovering 2 in front of your face. Along with Hover Flies, the army of under-appreciated pollinators includes butterflies, moths 3, beetles 4 and some wasps 5. Mayfield and her colleague s analyzed 6 more than three dozen studies on pollination 7 covering seventeen crop plants grown on five continents. And they found some of these underdog insects accounted for around forty percent of the flower visits, and some of the crops in their review, especially tropical ones like mangos and custo apples did not rely on honeybees at all. Even commodities like corolla did fine without the bees. They made analysis in the procedings of the national academy of sciences. Mayfield says part of the difficulty engaging the importance of the bees starts with the research methods. A third of the studies initially 8 considered, for example, ignored every thing but bees.
You know, the European honeybees are obviously from Europe,so there is a lot of focus on European honeybees there. Another issue, she says, is just raising awareness 9 among farmers.
I have encountered farmers in California, in Australia and in South Africa who spray their pesticides 10 largely at night because that's when the bees have gone back to their hives, and they do that with the idea that they will spare the pollinators and will be able to control the pests, but that very much takes the assumption that only bees are important pollinators.
Of course we should still do our best to save honey bees, the celebrity 11 pollinators. But agricultural practices should consider the rest of these tiny farm workers, too.
" Almost any kind of insects you can think of." Marggie Mayfield, an ecologist at the Universtiy of Queensland in Australia." Globally speaking, flies are probably the second largest group of crop pollinators,I mean, particular a group called Hover 1 Flies or Surface Flies, and these are the sort of large-eyed flies. If you take a hike, you sometimes see them hovering 2 in front of your face. Along with Hover Flies, the army of under-appreciated pollinators includes butterflies, moths 3, beetles 4 and some wasps 5. Mayfield and her colleague s analyzed 6 more than three dozen studies on pollination 7 covering seventeen crop plants grown on five continents. And they found some of these underdog insects accounted for around forty percent of the flower visits, and some of the crops in their review, especially tropical ones like mangos and custo apples did not rely on honeybees at all. Even commodities like corolla did fine without the bees. They made analysis in the procedings of the national academy of sciences. Mayfield says part of the difficulty engaging the importance of the bees starts with the research methods. A third of the studies initially 8 considered, for example, ignored every thing but bees.
You know, the European honeybees are obviously from Europe,so there is a lot of focus on European honeybees there. Another issue, she says, is just raising awareness 9 among farmers.
I have encountered farmers in California, in Australia and in South Africa who spray their pesticides 10 largely at night because that's when the bees have gone back to their hives, and they do that with the idea that they will spare the pollinators and will be able to control the pests, but that very much takes the assumption that only bees are important pollinators.
Of course we should still do our best to save honey bees, the celebrity 11 pollinators. But agricultural practices should consider the rest of these tiny farm workers, too.
vi.翱翔，盘旋；徘徊；彷徨，犹豫
- You don't hover round the table.你不要围着桌子走来走去。
- A plane is hover on our house.有一架飞机在我们的房子上盘旋。
鸟( hover的现在分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫
- The helicopter was hovering about 100 metres above the pad. 直升机在离发射台一百米的上空盘旋。
- I'm hovering between the concert and the play tonight. 我犹豫不决今晚是听音乐会还是看戏。
n.蛾( moth的名词复数 )
- The moths have eaten holes in my wool coat. 蛀虫将我的羊毛衫蛀蚀了几个小洞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The moths tapped and blurred at the window screen. 飞蛾在窗帘上跳来跳去，弄上了许多污点。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
n.甲虫( beetle的名词复数 )
- Beetles bury pellets of dung and lay their eggs within them. 甲壳虫把粪粒埋起来，然后在里面产卵。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- This kind of beetles have hard shell. 这类甲虫有坚硬的外壳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
黄蜂( wasp的名词复数 )； 胡蜂； 易动怒的人； 刻毒的人
- There's a wasps' nest in that old tree. 那棵老树上有一个黄蜂巢。
- We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. 我们不仅生活在对象蜘蛛或黄蜂这样的小虫的惧怕中，而且生活在对诸如飞蛾这样无害昆虫的惧怕中
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析
- The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.授粉
- The flowers get pollination by insects.这些花通过昆虫授粉。
- Without sufficient pollination,the growth of the corn is stunted.没有得到充足的授粉，谷物的长势就会受阻。
adv.最初，开始
- The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
- Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智
- There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
- Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
n.杀虫剂( pesticide的名词复数 )；除害药物
- vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用杀虫剂种植的蔬菜
- There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人们对农业上灭草剂和杀虫剂的用量非常担忧。 来自《简明英汉词典》