时间:2019-01-18 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课
先来看一个雅思阅读中的经典题目。
  标题:GREYING POPULATION STAYS IN THE PINK
  题型分布:选词summary--句子配对题(题型种类少,填空题目多达9题,可以按照本题顺序做)
  解题步骤:
  一、审题
  (1) 题目提醒(无提示考察哪些段落)
  (2) 小标题(无小标题提示考察内容)
  (3) 题型顺序(首个题型,数目多,按照首段顺序读)
  二、解题
  (1) 选项词性/褒贬分组
  选项词性既有名词,又有形容词,更有doing结构。而且,有两组反义词falling、 increasing,earlier、 later,可分别为同一空的备用选项。
  (2) 预判
  对于Q14的词性及色彩预判难点在于判断首个空前is的真正主语是谁。这里涉及到长难句分析,采用括号法将句子中的修饰成分去掉,我们抽出的句子主干如下:Research ( carried out by scientists in the United States ) has shown that the proportion ( of people over 65 suffering from the most common age-related medical problems ) is ______ 这里面我们总结出一个修饰结构sth./sb. + ( doing sth. / done by sth. / 介词+名词),括号内的部分都是修饰性结构,我们真正关注的是这些结构前面的名词。去掉括号内的结构后,我们发现我们要的答案其实在这样一个结构中 proportion is _________ 。能力比较强的同学其实还会发现14、15、16空含有并列结构 and和also,句子色彩是保持一致的。
  (3) 定位
  第一句话题干中有United States和65作为显性定位词,而且从首段读开始读符合常理。通过预判寻找proportion 或其替换词。原文第2段含有结构 smaller proportion满足了要求,其他部分也与刚刚划出的括号内的结构有对应。
雅思阅读:四步搞定选词类Summary考题 
  (4) 解题
  Q14中词库中falling 对 smaller 做了替换,即为答案,反映出老年人患病人口减少的情况。Q15与之用and并列,表示这种speed如何,根据并列结构‘结构相同,色彩一致’的原则,选increasing 问题不大。原文中rate 与speed 对应,rate (at which these diseases are declining )continues to accelerate. 注意括号法的使用,即使考鸭们不熟悉accelerate(加速),根据 continue 代表动作的持续加之与前面内容色彩一致,increasing依旧为答案。Q16通过than的出现判断此空为比较级,earlier, later, more都符合,题目中 be donging及in the past 的出现表明在进行今昔对比。根据色彩一致性,疾病应该对老年人影响越来越晚为好。文章中第3段最后一句通过数据比较给出了答案即later。
  Q17、Q18中间用到了but衔接,难度并不大,答案依次为M 、J。需要指出的是Q19 Q20同样适用了并列结构,尤其是Q19答案词性并不是常见的to do 结构。根据我刚刚提到的并列的两部分‘结构相同’的原则,可知Q19为与changes并列的名词。Q19 Q20 答案依次为N 、K。而需要指出的是Q21不少考鸭容易误选independent, 是因为忽视了reduction 这种表示色彩正负的关键词的提示,原文与之对应的为第7段的drop。所以,会顺利选出G。最后,Q22所在句子本身定位不明显,但有明显的比较级less做定位,回到原文第7段尾句,我们找到了答案financial burden 替换为cost。
  总结:
  题目的本身解析如上,但我们更希望做到举一反三,为各位考鸭总结出本题涉及到的两个主要考点并列关系及比较结构(涉及到的转折及因果关系以后有机会再作分享)。
  1. 并列
  1)and, or, as well as, not only ... but (also)... , both ... and ... , either ... or ... , neither ... nor ...
  2)also, as well, too
  3)in addition to ... , apart from ...
  4)one ... another... , some ... others ...
  5)多逗号结构
  6)分号并列结构
  2. 比较
  1)比较级 -er, more, less
  2)数据比较
  3)词汇
  A. increase, rise, grow, climb, go up, soar, surge, improve
  B. decrease, fall, drop, dip, decline, plunge 1, lessen 2, reduce (reduction), cut
  C. the same as, be similar to, as ... as

v.跳入,(使)投入,(使)陷入;猛冲
  • Test pool's water temperature before you plunge in.在你跳入之前你应该测试水温。
  • That would plunge them in the broil of the two countries.那将会使他们陷入这两国的争斗之中。
vt.减少,减轻;缩小
  • Regular exercise can help to lessen the pain.经常运动有助于减轻痛感。
  • They've made great effort to lessen the noise of planes.他们尽力减小飞机的噪音。
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