关于中国学生在PISA测试中成绩下滑原因的反思

 　　People should not overreact to the fall in ranking of Chinese students in the 2015 Program for International Student Assessment 1; they should focus on what the test results indicate about the education system in China, experts said.

　　在2015年国际学生评估项目中，中国学生的排名有所下降，但是有专家指出人们不应对此反应过度，他们应该关注这一测试结果所反应出的中国教育系统中存在的问题。
　　Chinese students' scores fell across the board in science, reading and mathematics in the 2015 PISA compared with 2012, although they were able to retain their top-10 ranking in science and math, according to an assessment of results released by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
　　据经合组织公布的一份结果评估来看，和2012年相比，尽管中国学生的科学和数学成绩仍然能够排在前十，中国学生2015年国际学生评估项目中科学、阅读、以及数学的分数全线下跌。
　　The 2015 PISA was taken by about 540,000 students aged 2 15 in 72 countries and economies on science, math and collaborative problem-solving. In China, students in Beijing, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Shanghai took the two-hour test.
　　共有来自72个国家和经济体的54万名15岁学生参加了2015年国际学生评估项目测试，测试内容包括科学、数学和协同问题解决等。来自中国北京、江苏、广东和上海的学生么们参加了这场2小时的测试。
　　关于中国学生在PISA测试中成绩下滑原因的反思
　　Shanghai began participating in the PISA in 2009 and was the only city on the Chinese mainland partaking in the test. In both the 2009 and 2012 tests, Shanghai surpassed all other participating countries and regions.
　　上海从2009年开始参加PISA项目，是当时中国大陆唯一一个参加该项测试的城市。在2009年和2012年的两次测试中，上海打败了其他所有参赛的国家和地区名列第一。
　　However, in the 2015 test, Singapore dominated across all three subjects, ranking first and outperforming the rest of the world.
　　但是在2015年的测试中，新加坡制霸了所有三项测试，超过了所有其他国家和地区排在第一位。
　　Students in Beijing, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Shanghai scored a median 518 and were ranked 10th in science, compared with the 580 that students from Shanghai alone scored in 2012.
　　北京、江苏、广东和上海学生的得分中位数是518分，科学成绩排在第十位，而2012年测试中上海学生的得分中位数达到了580分。
　　For mathematics, students in China scored 531 and were ranked sixth, compared with 613 in 2012. Their score in reading was 494, a more obvious decline compared with 2012.
　　在数学方面，中国学生得到了531分，排在第六位，而2012年的时候这一成绩是613分。中国学生阅读成绩494分，相比于2012年下降更明显。
　　Yong Zhao, a professor at the University of Kansas' school of education, said that there is no reason to overreact to China's scores, because he doesn't believe the PISA "measures the totality of the quality of education of any education system".
　　堪萨斯大学教育学院教授赵勇表示，没有必要对中国的分数反应过度，因为他认为PISA不能“衡量任何教育系统的整体教育水平”。
　　He said that adding more provinces to the test might have caused the dip, but that there could have been other contributing factors.
　　赵勇说，参加测试的省份变多就可能会造成分数下降，但又有可能存在其他影响因素。
　　"Overall, we don't need to read too much into PISA or other international tests," he wrote in an email response to questions.
　　他在一份回答疑问的邮件中写道：“总的来说，我们不需要过分解读PISA和其他一些国际测试的结果。”
　　Lu Jing, a researcher at the Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences, agreed. She said the change in participating cities and provinces had a big impact on the test results, adding that as students from Shanghai represented the highest level and best performance, it's normal that the average test scores fell after more cities and provinces were involved in the test.
　　上海教育科学研究院研究员卢静也同意这一观点。据她表示，参加测试省市的变化对测试结果有巨大的影响。她还表示，因为上海学生水平最高、表现最好，因此在更多省市参加这一测试之后，平均分数下降是一件很正常的事情。
　　Lu, who is also secretary of the PISA Shanghai research center, added that she is more interested in what the scores and rankings reflect about China's education system.
　　卢静还担任PISA上海研究中心的秘书，她表示自己更感兴趣的是这一分数和排名所反应出的中国教育系统存在的问题。
　　"Big gaps now exist among students from different provinces and regions, while the proportion of Chinese students who have a real passion for math and science is still low," she said. "Solving these problems is more important and meaningful to Chinese educators than just looking at the scores."
　　她说道：“现在不同省份和地区的学生之间存在着巨大的差距，而中国学生真正热爱数学和科学的比例仍然很低。对中国的教育者们来说，解决这些问题要比只盯着这些分数要更加重要和有意义。”