时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   学了这么些年的英语,你对时态的了解有哪些?你因为时态题型扣过分数吗?下面就跟小编一起学习英语时态吧,希望可以让大家对六级语法有个大概了解。


  一、动词的时态和语态 (Tenses and Voices of Verbs)
  动词的时态
  时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态:
  但是常见的只有9种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时和现在完成进行时。
  1. 一般现在时
  1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作;表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语。
  2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。例如:
  He goes to school every day.
  If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
  2. 一般过去时
  1) 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。
  2) 表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用 “used 1 to” 和 “would + 动词原形”。
  注意:used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外, “be used to + 名词或动名词” 表示 “习惯于……”。例如:
  He worked in a factory in 1986.
  I used to smoke when I was a college freshman 2.
  3. 一般将来时
  一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“will或shall + 动词原形”外,还有以下几种形式:
  1)“be going to + 动词原形”,表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如:
  We are going to have a meeting today.
  2)go, come, start, move, sail 3, leave, arrive等词可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如:
  I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
  3)“be to + 动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见,或表示命令。例如:
  The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
  4)“be about to + 动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如:
  We are about to leave.
  4. 现在进行时
  1) 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作,由“to be + 现在分词”构成,另外,“系动词+介词短语或副词”也表示进行时的意义。例如:
  What are you doing?
  The bridge is under construction 4.
  2) 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词如have, be, hear, see, like等词一般不用于进行时。
  5. 过去进行时
  过去进行时表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正在进行的动作,由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。例如:
  He was reading 5 a novel 6 when I came in.
  6. 现在完成时
  现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。其使用有以下情况:
  1) 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。例如:
  He has gone to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他不在该地)
  He has been to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他在该地)
  2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去。常用for或since表示一段时间的状语或so far, now, today, this week / month / year等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。例如:
  He has studied English for 5 years.
  He has studied English since 1990.
  注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。
  3) 现在完成时还用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。例如:
  I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
  7. 过去完成时
  1) 过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by, before, until, when等引导的时间状语。例如:
  By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
  2) 过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如:
  Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.
  8. 过去将来时
  过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由“should / would + 动词原形”构成。第一人称用should,其他人称用would。例如:
  They were sure that they would succeed.
  9. 现在完成进行时
  现在完成进行时由“have (has) + been + 现在分词”构成,表示动作从过去的某个时刻开始,持续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束。现在完成进行时与现在完成时有时可以交换使用,含义没有什么差别,如work, study, live, teach等。例如:
  I have worked here for three years.
  I have been working here for three years.
  但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思。例如:
  I have written a letter. (已写完)
  I have been writing a letter. (还在写)
  注意:表示短暂动作的动词,如finish, marry, get up, come, go等不能用这种时态。

adj.用旧了的,旧的;习惯于…;过去惯/经常
  • I used to work until nearly 6:00 o'clock each day.我过去常常工作到6:00左右。
  • He used to walk anywhere from two to five miles an hour.他过去经常一小时走二至五英里。
n.大学一年级学生(可兼指男女)
  • Jack decided to live in during his freshman year at college.杰克决定大一时住校。
  • He is a freshman in the show business.他在演艺界是一名新手。
n.帆,乘船航行;vt.乘船航行,浮游,启航;vi.驾船航行
  • Ships can sail round the world.轮船能做环球航行。
  • Ships can sail on the sea.轮船能在海上航行。
n.建筑,建筑物,解释,造句
  • Please do not put a wrong construction on her action.请不要误解她的行为。
  • London Bridge is an important construction in Britain.伦敦桥是英国的一处重要建筑。
n.阅读,知识,读物,表演,对法律条文的解释;adj.阅读的
  • Children learn reading and writing at school.孩子们在学校学习阅读和写作。
  • He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。
n.小说,长篇故事;adj.新奇的,异常的
  • She spent a peaceful afternoon by the river,reading a novel.她在河边看小说,度过了一个宁静的下午。
  • She finished writing her novel.她完成了她的小说。
标签: 英语六级
学英语单词
addle pate
after leaving
Altuve
anthotaxy
ascending posterior branch
auto photoelectric effect
Bahrain dinar
battery wire
Bazalgette
be a matter of time
boiling room
brake cylinder tee
buffer segment
catalanoite
cedar-apple
cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron
cheapish
Clausius inequality
cold sensitizer
commercial storage and transport enterprises
crigler-najjar(disease)
critical deposition potential
D. B.
declutch shaft carrier gasket
disyndiotactic polymer
domestic producers
Dowden, Edward
dutrex
ekt)
encroached on
expometer
exposed conductive part
extension ore
falsish
fast-fooder
flittingly
flocculating colloid
fore head spring
fusarium oxysporum cucumerinum
genus Artemisia
getachew
hard-dough stage
implantation cone
indigo auxiliary
inflation-proofed
inner orbital coordination compound
inverse telecine
jaw relation
jeweller's rough
Lake Andes
leakage protective system
make an effort to
make loans
malignant Sertoli's cell tumor
Marconi's law
meliola leptoclada
mewl
micro-mud
multilayer chip capacitor
oil-bath lubrication
Particular Baptists
percentage of thread engagement
phenyl tetraiodide
physical exergy
plate crystal
polysemically
pressure transformation
prevention of burglary
pulse inverter
purl stitch
quality of labour
Rainsburg
rank-order correlation coefficients
reaction formula
reason
rebound model
reciprocal will
removable contaminant
reserve for liability and contingency
responsibility cost
sauromaluss
shish kabab
sinskey
smershes
sub transmission
tamboras
tapir fur
test stimulus
tetrahedral theory of the earth
tiggles
took the air
town centers
transaction in futures
Trelat's speculum
tubing extension
Un-erase
united negro college fund
urniform
vegetable patches
vibrating fluidized drier
visceral pleurisy
wave ski