时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   1.什么是名词性从句


  在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Nominal Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
  2.主语从句
  作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由下列词引导:
  1)由连词that引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句在大多数情况下都放到句子后部去, 而用代词it做形式上的主语,在口语中连词that有时可以省略掉:
  例如:
  That we need more equipment is quite obvious。
  It doesn’t seem likely that she will be here。
  It’s a pity you missed such a fine talk。
  2)由连接代词或连接副词how,when,where,why(或whether)引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句, 也可以放到句子后部去, 前面用it做形式上的主语。
  例如:
  When we shall have our sports meet is still a question。
  It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet。
  3)由what、Whatever、Whoever 1等代词引导的主语从句: what表示“…所…的(东西)”, 在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句; whatever表示“所…的一切”; whoever表示“一切…的人”。
  例如:
  What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad。
  Whatever was said here must be kept secret。
  Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder 2
  3.宾语从句
  名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
  1)用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
  例如:
  I just can’t imagine how he could have done such a thing.
  Have you decided 3 whom you are to nominate 4 as your candidate 5.
  She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
  2) 用that引导的从句作宾语的情形最为普遍, 由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
  例如:
  He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
  We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。
  注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。
  3)用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
  例如:
  if与whether都可以与or not连用,但后面紧跟着or not时只能用whether;
  We didn’t know whether or not she was ready。(此时只能用whether)
  I wonder whether/if the news is true or not。(此时则二者都可以用)后接动词不定式时,用whether;
  Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留?
  以上就是为大家总结的名词性从句中主语从句与表语从句的基本语法知识,希望考生可以认真掌握。其实名词性从句知识点都多少有点相通,掌握一项的规律,就可以对其他的方面有所了解,希望大家赶快总结自己的规律,快乐地学习吧!

pron.无论谁,不管谁;任何人
  • I'll find the person who did this,whoever he is.我要找出干这件事的人,不管他是谁。
  • Whoever does best will get the prize.谁做得最出色谁就得奖。
n.错误;vi.跌跌撞撞地走,慌乱地走,犯错误
  • I saw that I had been guilty of a careless blunder.我意识到自己因疏忽而酿成大错。
  • He has made a terrible blunder.他铸成大错。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
vt.提名,推荐,任命
  • I nominate Tom to make the tea.我指派汤姆去沏茶。
  • The EU would nominate two members to the committee.欧盟将为该委员会指定两名成员。
n.候选人;候补者;投考者,申请求职者
  • Voters like a candidate who has the common touch. 投票者喜欢那些平易近人的候选人。
  • The local newspapers dressed up the candidate as a boxer.当地报纸把那个候选人描绘成一个拳击手。
标签: 英语六级
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about-faces
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