美国国家公共电台 NPR Don't Screen For Thyroid Cancer, Task Force Says
时间：2019-01-17 作者：英语课 分类：2017年NPR美国国家公共电台5月
ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:
Screening healthy people to look for thyroid cancer does more harm than good. That's the word from doctors on a federal health advisory 1 committee. NPR's Richard Harris has the story.
RICHARD HARRIS, BYLINE 2: More and more people are being diagnosed with thyroid cancer in the United States, but the death rate remains 3 very low, and it isn't going up. The simple explanation - more and more harmless cancers are being detected.
SETH LANDEFELD: I think the common conception is that every cancer is going to grow until it's stopped or removed or kills you. That is not the case with these cancers.
HARRIS: Dr. Seth Landefeld is on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force which has come out strongly against screening for these cancers in the current issue of JAMA. The treatment isn't benign 4. It usually involves surgical 5 removal of the thyroid gland 6 and a lifetime of drugs to replace the hormone 7 the gland produces.
LANDEFELD: And in a couple of percent of patients, it leads to injury to the laryngeal nerves that can lead to voice and swallowing difficulties.
HARRIS: And all these surgeries don't lead to longer or healthier lives. Dr. H. Gilbert Welch at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice says the task force made a good call.
H GILBERT WELCH: The evidence in thyroid cancer is if you look early, you just find a whole new category of patients that has the disease but is never going to suffer from it at all, but they will suffer from the treatment.
HARRIS: He says South Korea is the poster child for overdiagnosis. Some years ago, doctors there started a mass screening campaign to look for thyroid cancer.
WELCH: And 15 years later, thyroid cancer became the most common cancer in Korea, more common than breast, more common than colon 8, more common than lung.
HARRIS: Tens of thousands of Koreans were getting surgery.
WELCH: But nothing changed in the death rate. The death rate was totally flat.
HARRIS: Landefeld, who's at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, says his task force's call to avoid testing for thyroid cancer only applies to people without any symptoms.
LANDEFELD: As soon as somebody has symptoms, you know, such as a swelling 9 in the neck or change in their voice or change in their swallowing or pain in the neck, you're in a different ballpark. You'll really want to sort those symptoms out.
HARRIS: Thyroid cancer caught at that point is still curable most of the time. Richard Harris, NPR News.
- I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
- He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。
- His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
- We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
- He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
- The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
- The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop.温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
- Martha is a benign old lady.玛莎是个仁慈的老妇人。
- He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
- All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。
- This is a snake's poison gland.这就是蛇的毒腺。
- Her mother has an underactive adrenal gland.她的母亲肾上腺机能不全。
- Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
- This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
- Here,too,the colon must be followed by a dash.这里也是一样，应当在冒号后加破折号。
- The colon is the locus of a large concentration of bacteria.结肠是大浓度的细菌所在地。