时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   分词


  1. 现在分词与过去分词的区别
  现在分词与过去分词的区别主要体现在时间和语态上。现在分词表示正在进行的动作并表示主动的意义,而过去分词表示已经完成的动作并表示被动的意义。比较:
  a changing world(一个变化着的世界);a changed world( 一个已经起变化的世界)
  surprising news(令人惊讶的消息);surprised people(感到惊讶的人们)
  2. 分词作状语
  作状语时,表示时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步和伴随情况等。另外,作状语时,它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
  Hearing the news, he heaved 1 a sigh of relief.
  Given another chance, I’ll do it much better.
  3. 分词作定语
  分词常用来修饰名词或代词作定语。单个的分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之前;分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之后。但有些单个的过去分词作定语时,也可放在被修饰词之后。
  He’s a spoilt 2 child.
  The man standing 3 over there is our new English teacher.
  Where are we to get the material needed?
  4. 分词作宾语补足语
  分词可在感觉动词和使役动词后作宾语补足语。常用的感觉动词主要有:see, hear, notice, watch, find, observe, smell等。常用的使役动词主要有:get, have, keep, leave, set, make, let等。此外,分词还可在want, like, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词后作宾语补足语。
  She watched her baby sleeping.
  I got my hair cut.
  I don’t want you worrying about me.
  5. 分词与连词的连用
  分词可与各种连词(如:when, while, once, until, if, unless, though, although, even if, as, as if, as though等)连用。连词+分词(短语)的结构在句中作状语,相当于状语从句。
  She’ll get nervous when speaking in public.
  He went on talking, though continually 4 interrupted.
  6. 分词的独立结构
  分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语应该一致;否则,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构。独立结构一般位于句首,作伴随状语以及在科技文章中表示附加说明时,它常位于句末。分词的独立结构由名词、代词+分词构成,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
  Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Wednesday.
  Her son having been sent to school, she began to do some shopping.
  He returned three days later, his face covered with mud and his clothes torn into pieces.
  There were two parties yesterday evening, each attended by some students.

v.举( heave的过去式和过去分词 );拉;扔;抛
  • The poor child has heaved up her dinner again. 那个可怜的孩子又把吃下的饭吐了出来。
  • All afternoon we heaved bales of hay up onto the truck. 整个下午我们把一捆捆干草扔上卡车。
adj.(孩子)宠坏的;惯坏的;(食物)变质的;spoil的过去式和过去分词v.变质( spoil的过去式和过去分词 );损坏;毁掉;破坏
  • The film is spoilt by unrealistic contrivances of plot. 这部电影被不实际的牵强情节给毁了。
  • Our camping trip was spoilt by bad weather. 天气不好,破坏了我们的露营旅行。
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
adv.不间断地,不停地;多次重复地
  • The other kids continually taunted him about his size.其他孩子不断地耻笑他的个头儿。
  • The US is continually building up its armed forces.美军正持续加强它的三军。
标签: 英语四级
学英语单词
ability to respond
affirmative ads
affrightable
albuminuretic
alcian
analysis proximate
antomatic
APACS
break communications
busaa
cecos
Cerasus japonica
cherry juice
configuration code
convallotoxin
convertases
Cortex Rhois Chinensis
damaged value
disimbitter
dissolved matter
dog mark
dura mater spinal
ecohistory
elixir bromidorum quinque
erte
exchanged heat
external excitation circuit
Fenestraria
financial restructuring
first-run syndication
five coloured ware
floating type bell gage
free-draining
full cut-off
Galichskaya Vozvyshennost'
gawne
geomorphometry
gland nut
go over with a bang
guy derrick
Henry system
hypertrophy of tonsil
impulse voltage withstand test
infinitesimal operator
internal band block
interneural
invalid vourcher
jamshids
Kifisos
knight of adventures
LC (level control)
liquid elution chromatography
logmodular algebra
management control purpose
medium frequency
mesodialyte
metastomata
meter-
Metspecific aminopeptidase
microprocessed
multi-plate steering clutch
niningerites
off normal contact
Opacode
ophioceras leptosporum
PA DSS
page margin
pastellists
pocket divider with sheath
policy of product-use price differentials
PWBC
quiktrip
rakshasa
resides
rush period
Sajahat Kechil, Pulau
scumbagginess
see much of the world
seizor
sir john cowdery kendrews
Sol, Pta.del
special heavy plate
stepped plain
strategic material
system of logarithms
table set
tea light
temperature variation test chamber
the Isles of Scilly
the liberation of the tyrsenus and arnea
the spirit seeker
theoretical ash
thermal conversion
thioimido ester
throws it
tool-relief mechanism
treat with sb
vacuum controlled gearshift
virialising
warmest
wholesale politics
yellowtails