时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:实用英语


英语课

 新概念三册的文章有一定难度和深度,这不仅可以从词层高度和句型复杂程度中感受到,而且可以从文章体裁角度窥见一二。二册中大多是叙事文体,而三册引入了不少论述性的文章,或是带有论说部分的文章。对于论说文,西方人喜欢论证实打实,用真实有力的实例或数据来支持自己的论述,而在论述和实例之间常常需要几句过渡句做串联。不要忽视了这一两句过渡句,因为这几句短短的句子往往是文章发展的关键,是行文思路的指示牌。那么如何在论述与实例之间进行自然、流畅而巧妙的过渡呢?三册的文章给了我们不少启发。这里以三册中的第4课、第7课和第9课为例,稍作剖析。

 


这三课的作者在谋篇布局时都是采用了先论述后举例的模式,而他们在行文发展时都不忘在论述和举例之间加上简练有致的过渡句。


第四课的过渡句出现在第一段的最后一句。This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation 1.(这常常会引起很多奇怪的现象,在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的Alfred Bloggs就是这样一个例子。)若稍对此句过渡句作下分析,不难发现逗号前的半句是对前面论述的总结,而逗号后的半句是对下文实例的引导,所以这一过渡句的结构可以概括为:……., as it did/ does in the case of sb./ sth. +定语从句。我们不妨举个例子。比如要论述为何美国的校园枪击案频繁爆发,令人深感恐惧,为什么中国的孩子没有这样危险,中国的父母没有这样的担忧,而美国的孩子父母深受其困扰呢?原因之一可以归结到美国枪支的泛滥。所以如果第一段的论述部分写了美国枪支的泛滥会引起人们的恐惧,酿成无数的悲剧。这时过渡句不妨可以这样写:This can give rise to horrible situations, as it does in the case of American students who are constantly under the threat of being shot to death. (这会引发令人恐惧的事情,长期处在被枪击致死威胁的美国学生就是这样一个例子。)


第七课的过渡句出现在第二段的第一句。A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fince, John, runs a successful furniture business. (最近一个案例跟Jane Butlin有关,她的未婚夫Jone有一家生意兴隆的家具店。)句型很简单A case concerns sb. / sth. +定语从句,但很好地起到了过渡作用,读者一看到这句话就知道下面要讲一个case了。Concern表示“关于”,可以代替我们常用的“be about”、“have something to do with”,词层一下子可以提升不少。Sb.后面加了一个定语从句,使整句句子不会显得过于简单。当然我们不一定要刻板地用concern这个动词。比如我们还是以上面提到的美国孩子遭受校园枪击危险为例。据说至今为止,美国最为严重的校园枪击案是发生在弗吉尼亚理工大学,造成包括凶手在内33人死亡。于是我们的在论述之后的过渡句可以这样写:The most horrible school shooting case happened in Virginia Tech University where the killer 2 committed suicide 3 after having shot 32 fellow students to death. (最恐怖一次校园枪击事件发生在弗吉尼亚理工大学,那次凶手在枪击32个学生致死后,自杀身亡。)

第九课的过渡句是第一段的最后两句话。There is a good deal of truth in this idea. A cat’s ability to survive falls is based on fact.(这个说法很有道理。猫在跌落中能够大难不死是有事实依据的。)这个过渡句型跟第四课的很相像,都是利用前一句对之前的论述作总结,而后一句引出后文的实例,但这里是利用了一个非常漂亮的词组be based on fact告诉读者下文要讲事实。所以上面举的美国学生遭受校园枪击威胁例子的过渡句也可以用这个过渡句来写。There is a good deal of truth in this idea. Their constant threat of being shot to death is based on fact.(这样的说法很有道理。美国学生遭受被枪击致死的威胁是有事实依据的。)



大家平时在写议论文时是否尚未树立起写过渡句的意识,或是有这个意识但不知如何写就简练但漂亮的过渡句呢?这三篇文章,这三个句型应该可以给我们一些启发吧。如果能在考场上写出这样的句子,相信一定会让考官眼前一亮。当然三册的过渡句型不仅为此,后续篇目中还有很多,值得我们好好学习探讨。这三个句型属于同类,所以放在一起稍作介绍。




n.公司,企业&n.社团,团体
  • The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation. 这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
  • The inflation did the corporation up. 通货膨胀使这个公司破产了。
n.杀人者,杀人犯,杀手,屠杀者
  • Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
  • The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
n.自杀,自毁,自杀性行为
  • The number of suicide has increased.自杀案件的数量增加了。
  • The death was adjudged a suicide by sleeping pills.该死亡事件被判定为服用安眠药自杀。
标签: 新概念 过渡句
学英语单词
.ani
abandoned infant
ageable
aggregate national income
asclepias curassavicas
back-fired
bad policies
BD-CELLULOSE
be a piece of cake
bevis
blow run
booby prize
booty call
Bourbourg
brevipen
captain deck
caput articular
carrier vehicle
ceratobranchial segment
Chanco
chiu tzu y?eh
cocto-immunogen
cold pressed juice
commissive mood
coxarthritis
deucing
digital reflection hologram
digital telemeter receiver
directoral
draw a check
everlastingnesses
exercise price
fall witchgrass
fetch around
field slave
fine spray metal transfer
Firuzeh
flow control bypass valve
indirogar
internal damping losses
klystron oscillator
Knole
leaf of negundo chastetree
leaky Rayleigh wave
left module
liquid level control
liquid liabilities
Longhurst Plateau
Michaelis-Gutmann bodies
multitown
muscular receptor apparatus
N-cholylglycine
nappiness
neocolonialization
oil of winter-green
one person
one-way trade
Osterstedt
over-generalisations
pigment minerals
plain squirrel cage motor
prewired option
primary permeability
principal tangent
propagation of light
prussics
raceway for wiring
radio-transmitting set
rapid depreciation procedures
regular screw thread
root registry
root-hair region
rubberstamp
run-resistant
satellite-tosatellite tracking
saw tooth hob
Shahejie Formation
shahstah
shirron
short title catalog
sleake
Snoqualmie Falls
splenoblast
steriliser
stick something up your ass
sturtevant excavating and bagging machine
teleonymph
tetravalelent
thanedom
Thioton
Threskiornis aethiopica
tracking lidar
transition signal
traversing speed
type checking rule
unbalanced ring
unflamboyant
unreservedly
vertical-disk-type butterfly valve
vinylog effect
violent film
weld rate