VOA常速英语2015--美国官员表示空袭后"伊斯兰国"武装分子已处于劣势

US Officials: IS Militants 1 Losing Territory After Strikes 美国官员表示空袭后"伊斯兰国"武装分子已处于劣势

U.S. military officials said Islamic State militants have lost more than one-quarter of the territory they had gained in their campaign to create an Islamic caliphate. A U.S. defense 2 official Monday said this is the result of a combined effort of coalition 3 air strikes and a ground operation by Iraqi armed forces.

A new map released by the Pentagon shows that Iraqi forces regained 4 key territories in the north, near Tikrit, Sinjar Mountain and the Mosul Dam.

五角大楼公布的一份新地图显示伊拉克部队收复了提克里特，辛加尔山及摩苏尔大坝附近的北部关键地区。

Pentagon spokesman Col. Steve Warren told Alhurra television Monday that Islamic State lost control of nearly 15,000 square kilometers of the territory it had captured since last August.

五角大楼发言人史蒂夫·沃伦上校周一透过自由电视台表示极端恐怖组织“伊斯兰国”已经失去自去年8月占领近15000平方公里的领土。

"In Tikrit, as you know, we are concluding a very successful operation to liberate 5 that city from the clutches of Daesh [Islamic State], and that operation has been largely successful. There are small parts of Tikrit which remain somewhat contested, primarily because Daesh left so many booby traps, so many IEDs [improvised explosive device] and perhaps a few fighters, snipers and such that remain really only in the northern portion of Tikrit," he said.

“在提克里特,如你所知,我们即将结束一次从“伊斯兰国”的魔爪解放城市非常成功的行动,这次行动取得了极大的成功。提克里特的一些地方仍有小规模战事,主要是因为这个组织在提克里特北部地区留下非常多的饵雷,还有很多的简易爆炸装置,或是一些战士,狙击手等。”

Efforts to push back Islamic State in Syria have been less successful, Warren said.

沃伦表示打击叙利亚极端恐怖组织“伊斯兰国”的行动一直不太成功。

"In Syria, ISIL has had some small gains in the city of Damascus and a little bit in the south, also a little bit in Aleppo, but ISIL has also lost some ground in Syria as well, particularly around Kobani. The difference is that in Iraq, the coalition air power is being supported by the brave soldiers of the Iraqi security forces," he explained.

“在叙利亚,大马士革，南部以及阿勒颇仍有部分小股“伊斯兰国”势力,但这个极端恐怖组织也已经在叙利亚失利,尤其是科巴尼周围。而不同的是在伊拉克,联军空中力量得到了伊拉克英勇安全部队士兵们的支持。”

Warren said the coalition strategy is to prevent the militants from creating a safe haven 6 in Syria while pushing them out of Iraq.

沃伦表示联盟的战略是在将这些激进分子赶出伊拉克时防止他们在叙利亚建造一处安全避风港。

Some analysts 7 said the real test in this battle against Islamic State will be in predominantly Sunni areas of Mosul and Anbar province.

一些分析师表示打击极端恐怖组织“伊斯兰国”所面临的真正考验是逊尼派为主的摩苏尔和安巴尔省。

"Who knows when that will actually happen because if Iraq wants to do this right, it can't do it with Shia militias 8. It can't go into neighborhoods that are predominantly Sunni [Muslim] and run roughshod over these communities," said Brian Katulis, with Center for American Progress.

“谁知道什么时候会发生,因为如果伊拉克想要进行打击,就不能与什叶派民兵有所接触。不能让军队进入这些主要是逊尼派的社区。”

United Nations chief Ban Ki-moon welcomed the liberation of Tikrit, but expressed alarm at the reports of human rights violations 9 and destruction of property perpetrated by militias fighting alongside Iraqi forces.

联合国秘书长潘基文对于解放提克里特感到高兴,但对于并肩作战民兵和伊拉克军队侵犯人权及破坏财产的报道提出警告。

One way to prevent ethnic 10 violence in areas freed from Islamic State is to form local army units to defend their own ethnic or religious communities.

一种防止在解放极端恐怖组织“伊斯兰国”地区间种族暴力流血事件的方法是当地军队保护自己的民族或宗教团体。

“Iraq doesn't really have that now,” noted 11 Michael O’Hanlon, Brookings Institution. “And the current approach seems to be to try and create this ecumenical, multi-ethnic army that is a truly national force and will deploy 12 from anywhere to anywhere within Iraq."

“伊拉克现在真的没有。当前的方法似乎是在试图创建这支普通,多民族融合的军队,这是真正的国家力量而且可以在伊拉克任何地方进行部署。”

The militants still control large swaths of northern Iraq, including many oil refineries 13 that help finance their campaign.

武装分子仍然控制伊拉克北部的广大地区,包括资助他们行动的许多炼油厂。