VOA常速英语2015==专家称法国袭击案部分归因于文化差异

Experts: France Attack Part of Cultural Disconnect 专家称法国袭击案部分归因于文化差异

LONDON—

The attack on the French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo in Paris on Wednesday was not the first such clash between the European media and militant 1 Islamists.

As thousands in France and other countries gathered to mourn the people killed on Wednesday, they engaged in a little ‘freedom of expression’ of their own.

在法国等国，数千人聚集起来哀悼周三的遇难者，他们进行小规模的“言论自由”。

Some carried a cartoon reading “Love is Stronger than Hate,” while others held up homemade signs saying, among other things, “Freedom of the Press is Priceless.”

有的人拿着写着“爱比恨更有力”的卡通画，也有人举着自制的标语，上面写道，在所有东西中，“出版自由是最无价的。”

But not everyone agrees with that.

但不是每个人都赞同这一点。

This was the second attack on the Paris satirical newspaper. A Danish newspaper’s cartoons about the Prophet Muhammad caused protests in many countries, and several violent incidents in 2005.

这是巴黎这家讽刺报纸遭受的第二次袭击，2005年，丹麦一家报纸上有关先知穆罕默德的漫画在多个国家引发抗议，还出现几起暴力事件。

And a Dutch filmmaker was killed in 2004 after producing a documentary about the treatment of Muslim women.

2004年，一名荷兰制片人因拍摄有关穆斯林妇女所受待遇的纪录片被杀。

Experts say the violence is part of a clash of values between the Western view of press freedom and traditional Islamic views placing more emphasis on respect for authority, and particularly religious figures, and barring use of the human form in art.

专家说出现暴力事件是因为西方出版自由观点与传统的伊斯兰观点相冲突的结果，后者更注重对权威的尊敬，尤其是宗教人物，并禁止在艺术中使用这种人物。

“When that is pushed to the limit, provocatively 2 in satirical media, it’s almost a God-sent excuse for radicals 3 to jump on these kind of matters,” said Carool Kersten, a senior lecturer on Islam at London’s King’s College.

Carool Kersten是伦敦国王学院伊斯兰教高级讲师，“一旦到了极限，那么讽刺媒体上的挑衅行为，就会成为让极端分子跳出来做这些暴力行为的上帝给予的借口。”

But he is quick to add that the views of the militants 4 do not reflect the thinking of most Muslims.

但他很快表示，这些武装分子的观点并不能反映大多数穆斯林的观点。

“You could see it also today in the social media that a lot of Muslims admitted they felt offended for any satire 5 that involved the Prophet, but they would never, ever see that as condoning 6 killing 7 those who made those pictures,” he said.

“你能看到今天在社交媒体上很多穆斯林承认对那些有关先知的讽刺画感到不舒服，但他们从未认为杀害画画者是值得宽恕的。”

Indeed, officials and religious leaders in several Muslim countries, including Libya, condemned 8 the Paris attack.

确实，几个穆斯林国家的官员和宗教领袖，包括利比亚在内，都谴责了巴黎袭击案。

The murdered cartoonists of Charlie Hebdo and their colleagues engaged in a hard-hitting, no-holds-barred form of satire. They tweeted this caricature of the leader of the Islamic State militant group shortly before the attack.

查理周刊被杀的漫画家及同事们进行了激烈的、无拘无束的讽刺，他们在袭击发生前将有关IS武装组织领导人的漫画发在推特上。

Gavin Evans, a journalist and senior lecturer at the London School of Journalism 9, sees this as  a “part of journalism."  He says the cartoon "is part of the tradition of journalism, going back hundreds of years."

“我认为这是新闻业的部分传统，可以追溯到几百年前。”加万·伊万斯是伦敦新闻学院的记者兼高级讲师，他通过Skype接受了采访。

“People who believe they are beyond having fun poked 10 at them deserve to have fun poked at them," he said. "And I think that’s part of this kind of cartooning."

“那些认为这些卡通画不仅是在取笑自己的人应该被嘲笑，我认为这是这类卡通画的部分含义。”

Evans points out that Charlie Hebdo also made fun of other religions, and even lampooned 11 the pope. Now, he’s concerned that journalists will be more timid.

伊万斯指出，查理周刊还取笑了其他宗教，甚至还嘲笑教皇，现在他担心记者们会变得胆小。

“Any editor who has a cartoonist who is likely to depict 12 anything relating to fundamentalist Islam is now more likely to be cautious because of this kind of reaction,” he said.

“那些手下有可能画任何原教旨主义伊斯兰教漫画漫画家的编辑们都会因为此类事件更加谨慎。”

Some newspaper editors decided 13 not to print the Charlie Hebdo cartoons about Islam. But for now, there is no such timidity at London’s Independent newspaper, which had a front-page cartoon of its own with a message for terrorists so strong it cannot be broadcast.

有的报纸编辑决定不再在查理周刊上印刷有关伊斯兰教的漫画，但就目前来说，伦敦的独立报还没有这么胆怯，该报头版上就有自己的漫画，这就向恐怖分子传达了有力的信息。