时间:2019-01-11 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2008年(四)月


英语课
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

Bovine 1 tuberculosis 2 is a progressive wasting disease. It affects mainly cattle but also sheep, goats, pigs and other animals. People who get bovine TB have to take strong antibiotics 3 for up to nine months to cure them.

Humans can get sick from infected cows by drinking milk that has not been heated to kill germs. Another risk is eating meat that has not been cooked to seventy-four degrees Celsius 4.

If an infected animal is processed, cutting through lung or lymph tissue can spread the M. bovis bacteria to other parts of the meat.

Bovine TB is a major problem in parts of Africa. Farmers in Canada and Britain have also lost many cattle in recent years. In Britain, debate continues about whether badgers 5 pass TB to other animals.

Infected cows might lose weight and develop a cough, which spreads the bacteria through the air. Or they can appear healthy. Then, when they give birth, their calves 6 can get infected by drinking their milk.

In the early twentieth century, bovine TB probably killed more animals in the United States than all other diseases combined. To control it, the government launched a highly successful testing program. Historians say animal doctors ordered the destruction of about four million cattle between nineteen seventeen and nineteen forty.

But currently, the state of Michigan in the Midwest is fighting an outbreak of tuberculosis in cattle. Experts identified wild deer as the source of infection. More recently the neighboring state of Minnesota has also had to deal with TB in cattle and deer.

Cows and wild deer can infect each other -- for example, if they share cattle feed left in fields during winter. Possible solutions might include building fences or leaving smaller amounts of hay.

Michigan's agriculture director announced this month that the state will receive more than three million dollars in emergency federal aid. Michigan will use the money to increase prevention and testing activities, and to pay farmers who have to destroy infected cattle.

Since nineteen ninety-four, the state has spent close to one hundred million dollars on control efforts. Michigan officials say no TB has been found in cattle outside the containment 7 area.

Experts say the most effective form of control is to destroy cattle herds 8 that have been exposed to bovine tuberculosis. This prevents any chance that infected cows might be moved to another farm.

And that’s the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. I’m Bob Doughty 9.

adj.牛的;n.牛
  • He threw off his pack and went into the rush-grass andand munching,like some bovine creature.他丢开包袱,爬到灯心草丛里,像牛似的大咬大嚼起来。
  • He was a gentle,rather bovine man.他是一位文雅而反应迟钝的人。
n.结核病,肺结核
  • People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
  • Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
adj.摄氏温度计的,摄氏的
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
n.獾( badger的名词复数 );獾皮;(大写)獾州人(美国威斯康星州人的别称);毛鼻袋熊
  • Badgers had undermined the foundations of the church. 獾在这座教堂的地基处打了洞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • And rams ' skins dyed red, and badgers' skins, and shittim wood. 5染红的公羊皮,海狗皮,皂荚木。 来自互联网
n.(calf的复数)笨拙的男子,腓;腿肚子( calf的名词复数 );牛犊;腓;小腿肚v.生小牛( calve的第三人称单数 );(冰川)崩解;生(小牛等),产(犊);使(冰川)崩解
  • a cow suckling her calves 给小牛吃奶的母牛
  • The calves are grazed intensively during their first season. 小牛在生长的第一季里集中喂养。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.阻止,遏制;容量
  • Your list might include such things as cost containment,quality,or customer satisfaction.你的清单上应列有诸如成本控制、产品质量、客户满意程度等内容。
  • Insularity and self-containment,it is argued,go hand in hand.他们争论说,心胸狭窄和自我封闭是并存的。
兽群( herd的名词复数 ); 牧群; 人群; 群众
  • Regularly at daybreak they drive their herds to the pasture. 每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。
  • There we saw herds of cows grazing on the pasture. 我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。
adj.勇猛的,坚强的
  • Most of successful men have the characteristics of contumacy and doughty.绝大多数成功人士都有共同的特质:脾气倔强,性格刚强。
  • The doughty old man battled his illness with fierce determination.坚强的老人用巨大毅力与疾病作斗争。
标签: voa 慢速英语
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account headings
allopathic-medicine
alniphyllum peierospermum mats.
amortization rent
anesthesia unit
anticipated interest
artillery field piece
authorized entry
automaics
bagyo
balearica
ballistic correction of the moment
beam recording
body wisdom
carbon steel roll
carbynic
catalyst pretreatment
centrallizing
cesar estrada chavezs
chief of the executive
chordotonal
constant voltage system
continuity concept
contrast potentiometer
Cooper Creek
CSPRNG
desglucohellebrin
diktonius
direct spike
disturbance of electromagnetic field
emergency lamp signal telegraph
equiform group
espirito
family Phyllidae
feel ill at east
fissurae petrosquamosa
fritt
gasfree
graphite gneiss
heterodynamous insect
honeycomb-radiator
hydraulic piercing press
increment dump
inrunning nip point
intra-district
intratracheal injection
jordanian dinars
litai
maricara
marine surveillance
mass divergence
meanwhiles
medina(al madinah)
melloul
monitor panel
montclair
myrmeleontidaes
naprapaths
nervous as a cat
Niobo-tantalo-titanate
overdefines
Peillonnex
Phayam, Ko
photorefractive coupler
picture period
pinnel
plectomycetess
pleuromitic
Polygonum ocreatum
pool hall
prewithdrawal demolition target
production-ready
purchase and sale by will
republics
right skewness
Santa Catarina Barahona
sell on commission
sharp-shooter
sialyltransferase
site-plan
skin of paint
smoker keratosis
Sombrero Chan.
Sorelianism
special cargo list
Stop yap ping
sulphonic acid
sunk costs
taungya system
teaboxes
tetragonal alternating class
the bitter truth
to spin
to throw down
torus uteri
unicasted
warren beatty
wave around
whalefishes
wrist stiffness syndrome
X-ray drill