高中英语人教版必修4 02

[00:05.49]Reading

[00:08.36]A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE

[00:12.43]He wants everyone to call him a farmer,for that's how he regards himself.

[00:19.28]Although he is one of China's most famous scientists,

[00:24.45]Yuan Longping works 1 the land to do his research.

[00:30.38]Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,

[00:36.13]strong body are just like those of millions of other Chinese farmers.

[00:42.89]In many ways,he is one of them,

[00:47.65]and he has struggled for the past five decades to help them.

[00:52.69]Dr Yuang grows what is called super hybrid 2 rice.

[00:58.25]In 1974,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world

[01:05.38]to grow rice that has a high output 3.

[01:09.75]This special strain 4 of rice

[01:13.27]makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.

[01:19.44]Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China

[01:24.58]each year is from this hybrid strain.

[01:29.73]Born into a poor farmer's family in 1931,

[01:35.29]Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.

[01:42.84]Since then,he has devoted 5 his life to finding 6 ways to grow more and more rice.

[01:50.00]As a young man,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.

[01:56.48]At that time,hunger was a serious problem in many parts of the countryside.

[02:03.32]Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests

[02:08.89]without expanding the area of fields.

[02:13.15]In 1950,Chinese farmers could only produce five and a half billion tons of rice.

[02:21.32]Last year,however,nearly twenty billion tons of rice was produced.

[02:28.09]These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed

[02:35.04]from just 7% of the farmland in China.

[02:39.79]Dr Yuan is now circulating 7 his knowledge in India,

[02:44.75]Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.

[02:52.12]Thanks to his research,the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.

[02:58.16]Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.

[03:05.81]You might guess that Dr Yuan,

[03:09.57]who is now rich and famous,is satisfied with his life.

[03:15.03]However,he cares little about spending the money on himself

[03:20.91]or leading a comfortable life.

[03:24.56]Indeed,he believes that a person with too mush money has more,

[03:30.63]rather than fewer troubles.

[03:34.18]So he gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.

[03:40.42]He also doesn't care about being famous.

[03:44.78]He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research.

[03:49.62]And he would rather keep time for his hobbies.

[03:53.74]Although he can no longer play his violin,

[03:58.21]he still listens to violin music.

[04:02.05]His other hobbies include playing mah-jong,swimming and reading.

[04:07.69]He used to walk to his rice fields twice a day,

[04:12.16]but now he prefers to ride his motorcycle.

[04:16.42]Wishing for things,however,costs nothing.

[04:20.96]Long ago,in a dream,Dr Yuan saw rice plants as tall as sorghum 8.

[04:29.14]Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn

[04:34.10]and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.

[04:39.25]Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice

[04:45.13]that could feed more people.

[04:48.47]Now Dr Yuan has another dream:

[04:52.83]to export his rice so that it can be grown all over the world.

[04:58.89]As Dr Yuan proves,one dream is not always enough,

[05:04.74]especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.

[05:10.10]Using Language

[05:21.28]Reading

[05:24.13]ORGANIC 9 FARMING

[05:27.60]What is"organic farming"?

[05:31.55]It seems a strange name since all crops are organic no matter how they are produced.

[05:39.38]So all farming must surely be organic farming.

[05:45.03]However,recently the term"organic farming"has gained another meaning.

[05:52.08]It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers 11.

[06:00.02]Of course all farmers use fertilizers to make their soil more fertile 12

[06:07.07]but many farmers and scientists believe that some fertilizers are better

[06:13.94]for people or for the soil than others.

[06:18.31]The fertilizer 10 that organic farmers prefer is natural waste from animals.

[06:25.38]Putting this in their fields,they argue,

[06:29.75]makes the soil richer in minerals and so more fertile.

[06:35.39]It is good for the crops and the soil becomes healthier.

[06:40.85]This is important because developing a healthy soil reduces diseases 13 in crops

[06:48.71]and helps them grow strong and healthy.

[06:53.39]When farmers use this kind of natural fertilizer they keep the air,

[07:00.23]soil and water as well as the food supply free form chemicals.

[07:06.71]However,using chemical fertilizers is a big problem.

[07:12.77]Firstly,leaving chemicals in the ground for

[07:17.73] a long time is not good for the soil or the water supply.

[07:24.08]Secondly,farmers often grow the same crop year after year.

[07:31.03]As a result,the soil gets exhausted 14.

[07:35.99]Thirdly,chemical fertilizers kill both helpful and harmful bacteria and pests.

[07:43.93]Instead,organic farmers insist on changing crops every two or three years,

[07:51.88]for example,corn or wheat folowed by peas or soybeans.

[07:58.04]These put the minerals back into the soil,

[08:03.29]making it rich and healthy and ready to grow crops that need rich

[08:09.95]and fertile soil like corn or wheat.

[08:14.52]Or they plant some crops that use the surface of the soil

[08:19.88]and others that need a deeper level of soil,

[08:24.61]for example,peanuts followed by root vegetables.

[08:30.04]Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops

[08:35.19]to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil.

[08:41.43]But whatever they grow they make sure that what is left in the ground after harvesting

[08:48.51]becomes a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop.

[08:54.07]Listening

[11:31.54]Reading,speaking and writing

[11:42.09]1 Read this passage and make sure you understand it.

[11:49.17]Then repeat after the recording 15

[11:53.33]and pay attention to pausing when you read long sentences.

[11:59.57]You are a producer of"green food"

[12:04.24]--that is to say your food is certain to be healthy and safe for people's health.

[12:11.51]It is also free of chemical fertilizers

[12:16.47]and grown away from industrial areas and dirty water supplies.

[12:23.13]This is the food you want to sell.

[12:27.78]The problem is people do not know about your food and how good it is.

[12:35.23]You know that every weekend people leave the cities

[12:41.08]and go to the countryside to buy food like yours.

[12:46.64]Your food is,however,more expensive than other food which is not so safe