时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:2007年VOA标准英语(八月)


英语课
By Lisa Schlein
Geneva
01 August 2007





WHO Breastfeeding a href=


WHO Breastfeeding awareness poster



The World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund say breast-feeding babies immediately after birth can prevent many neonatal deaths in developing countries. The U.N. agencies are promoting the life-saving benefits of early breastfeeding as the theme for this year's World Breastfeeding Week, which gets under way Wednesday. Lisa Schlein reports for VOA from WHO headquarters in Geneva.


The results of a study conducted in Ghana show that 16 percent of neonatal deaths could be prevented by breastfeeding infants from birth. That figure rises to 22 percent, if breastfeeding begins within one hour of birth.


Scientist and baby nutrition expert at the World Health Organization, Randa Saadeh, tells VOA mother's milk confers natural immunities 2 to the baby.


"This is all that the child needs. It is like the first immunization," she explains. "The first shot you give the baby. It has all the immunological factors that could save and protect the neonatal, the newborn from infectious disease - mainly diarrheal disease and acute respiratory infections."


The World Health Organization estimates the lives of 1.3 million children under the age of five could be saved each year by exclusively breast-feeding babies for the first six months. It says breast-fed babies in rich and poor countries, alike, get a better start in life.






A Mozambiquan mother breastfeeds her baby in Meringue (file photo)


A Mozambiquan mother breastfeeds her baby in Meringue (file photo)



It says the issue is particularly relevant in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest infant mortality rate in the world. It says about 10 percent of all babies die before the age of one and most neonatal deaths occur at home.


Sub-Saharan Africa also is the region with the highest rate of HIV/AIDS. WHO nutritionist Saadeh admits this creates a dilemma 3 for HIV-positive mothers who have limited access to clean water and sanitation 4.


She says new mothers have to weigh the risk of passing on the infection to their infant against the risk of denying them breast milk.


"Exclusive breast feeding by the HIV-infected woman for the first six months of life is safer than mixed feeding," she notes. "The worst thing the mother can do is mixed feeding, which means a bit of breast feeding, a bit formula feeding, because this is the worst condition we can have."


Saadeh explains that, during the first two months of life, a bottle-fed baby is nearly six times more likely to die from diarrhea and a host of other infections than a breast-fed child. She says, in Africa, contaminated water often is used in mixing the formula.


She says another problem is poor mothers often will dilute 5 the infant formula with a lot of water to make it last longer. She says this provides the baby with fewer nutrients 6, leading to malnutrition 7.




n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
免除,豁免( immunity的名词复数 ); 免疫力
  • Supplying nutrients and immunities to my baby? 为我的宝贝提供营养物质和免疫物质?
  • And these provide immunities against the a host of infections and diseases. 这些物质可提高婴儿的免疫力,使之免受病毒感染和疾病侵袭。
n.困境,进退两难的局面
  • I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.这件事使我进退两难。
  • He was thrown into a dilemma.他陷入困境。
n.公共卫生,环境卫生,卫生设备
  • The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看,这个地段非常糟糕。
  • Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。
vt.稀释,冲淡;adj.稀释的,冲淡的
  • The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
  • Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。
n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
  • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.营养不良
  • In Africa, there are a lot of children suffering from severe malnutrition.在非洲有大批严重营养不良的孩子。
  • It is a classic case of malnutrition. 这是营养不良的典型病例。
学英语单词
acetone extract
Aconitum contortum
adolesce
Algerine
as sukhnah (es sukhne)
Asosan
assignment half-word
aubisque
axial inductively coupled plasma
Ballsh
bill coincides with cargo
bulau
capillary surface
cercla
claim to immunity
cold preliming
consultant engineer
contemporary thoughts
coriaceous strepitus
cprw
cuproxoline
current activity stack
demyse girdle
depressor septi
eblio
emergency intake structure
end slope of groyne
epidemic myalgias
epilogizing
fnum
function preselection capability
glue sticks
grey-wedge pulse-height analyzer
hardware reliability
hardware selection criteria
heat-resisting aluminium alloy
herpes iris of bateman
hexanitro-mannite
holiday repair outage hours
inborrow
interpretation of predicate calculus
jeremijenko
JNACC
junction gate fet
junction pipe
keypads
laniger
latching
lattice circuit
lavatorium
marine indicator species
maximum-to-average-power ratio
melanotheca rubromaculata
Metoro
mo(u)ld protease
Montemurlo
movin'
object oriented multi-user dungeon
oleh
one-way layout
Onekotan, Ostrov
pacific blockade
parisa
Pertya bodinieri
post-mission zero calibration
poster board
power applications in other industries
praeposituses
pre-render
pustular lupus
rad hard
resonator-tron
right-of-way post
sal aeratus
scalding water additive
serial bonds
set one's foot on the neck of someone
short range battle practice
side chapel
sinsyne
slide prevention
smombies
smoothing chisel
SNAP (simulated network analysis program)
solid-on
sorr
spadoes
spotted asparagus beetle
statelike
surface-field-effect transistor
sympathesis
tank level control
tertial
timmins
tomoechography
traditionalise
udhr
unappropriates
Valsalva method
variola maligna
wide band discriminator
with an easy grace