时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   很多同学留言说不知道如何划分句子成分,那你知道句子构成了吗?下面就跟小编一起看看句子的基本成分有哪些吧,希望今天为大家整理的这篇文章可以让大家学会英语语法。


  二、状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
  状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。
  有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.’
  副词(短语)作状语:
  The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)
  The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置)
  The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)
  The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语)
  介词短语作状语:In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语)
  Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)
  On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)
  分词(短语)作状语:
  He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态)
  Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语)
  Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语)
  不定式作状语:
  The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语)
  To make his dream 1 come true,Tom becomes very interested 2 in business 3./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.
  名词作状语:
  Come this way!/走这条路!(方向状语)
  状语从句:
  时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句
  、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句
  三、同位语:同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语。如:
  We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)
  We all are students. / (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)
  四、独立成分:有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)。
  感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等。
  肯定词yes
  否定词no
  称呼语:称呼人的用语。
  插入语:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。
  如: The story,I think,has never come to the end./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.
  情态词,表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语):perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然,等。
  五、分词独立结构:分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。
  例:
  错句:Studying hard,your score 4 will go up.
  正确:(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up.
  或 (2)If you study hard,your score will go up.
  解析:错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语,则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,既your score . 显然做study的应是人,不应是your score(分数). 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了). 分词独立结构常省略being 5,having been.不过‘There being...’的场合不能省略.
  如:
  Game (being) over,he went home.
  He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导,作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词,还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。
  如:
  With nothing to do,he fell 6 asleep 7 soon./无事可做,他很快就睡着了。
  The teacher came 8 in,with glasses on his nose./老师进来了,戴着一付眼镜。

n.梦;梦想;v.做梦;向往
  • I remembered my grandfather in my dream last night.昨晚我梦见了我的外祖父。
  • It's my dream to win a Nobel Prize.我的理想是获得诺贝尔奖。
adj.感兴趣的;拥有权益的;有成见的v.使…感兴趣(interest的过去分词)
  • to be interested in wildlife conservation 对野生动物保护感兴趣
  • I told him I wasn't interested, but he wasn't deterred. 我已告诉他我不感兴趣,可他却不罢休。
n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意, 事情, 事物, 营业, 商行
  • My father built his business on years of hard work. 我父亲多年奋斗创立了自己的事业。
  • We must finish up this business in a day or two. 我们必须在一两天内把这事结束。
n.(比赛中)得分,分数;(测验中)成绩
  • The score is four to three.比分是四比三。
  • Her score on the test was 95.她的考试成绩是95分。
n.存在;生存;生命存在,生命,人, 本质;art.在,有,是
  • Can you explain to me the purpose of being?你能对我解释一下存在的目的吗?
  • What is the purpose of our being?我们生存的目的是什么?
vbl.fall的过去式,vt.击倒,打倒(疾病等),致于...死地,砍伐;n.一季所伐的木材,兽皮,羊毛;adj.凶猛的,可怕的
  • I fell to the ground.我摔倒在地上。
  • The young couple fell in love at first sight.这对年轻人一见钟情。
adj.睡熟了的,麻木的;adv.熟睡地
  • The baby seems to be asleep.那婴孩好像是睡着了。
  • My right foot is asleep.我的右脚麻木了。
v.动词come的过去式
  • I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
标签: 英语四级
学英语单词
activity holiday
Alzenau
ARDA (analog recording dynamic analyzer)
arrival current curve
Arteriviridae
asphodels
azafen
babied
back swing actuator
barbed wire, barbwired
bevelled washer
biological rotation
blow-up pan
boob-baiter
buck-saw
butting collision
cat o' mountain
characteristics of electrical product
Chasmistes
chemorecer1tor
choke plug
Class Two license
contact-free
contour sander
cooling air temperature
daisy chain bus arbitration
damping chamber
dilaurate
drive gear carrier
duplex ileum
earthing cable
elephantids
entrenched meander
experimental regulation
federal radionavigation plan
Fedorivka
Ferrel cell
frozen black hole
fruitsets
generative transformational grammar
gillsonite
godown changes
haliaetus
Illicium philippinense
in direction
in lieu
inherent delay
interaction representation
jokanaan
Kavadh I
Kikunae
leather tensile strength machine
lodine
lower semi-continuous hull
magnefy
Marquelia, R.
megacities
Monobrachy
multiple rate of exchange
neezing
nitro-acinitro tautomerism
nonresectabl
normal association analysis
ohlund
ouk
paper chases
participating fee
pathogenesis of concurrent Zang-Fu disease
Pearson's solution
podogynium
Polkton
porrections
Prenanthes
prepolymerize
profluvious
restorability
sapirs
schwartzes
search rescue beacon equipment
self-deliverance
semi-cycle
semiconductors
set something on foot
shock absorber bracket
sieving method
single-error mode
smoke suppressant
solorina simensis
souvenier
specific material demand
stomatal pit
supply chain sustainability
tarpaulin canvas
technical selling
thingumbobs
time information
universal logical circuit
unnotably
went on a journey
white-handedness
Willa Cather