时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

 一、什么是英语倒装句 


在现实的语言实践中,由于语法结构的要求,或是由于修辞的需要,往往要改变句子的自然语序,把一些本应置于主语之后的句子成分提到主语之前。我们称这种语序的变化为“倒装语序”这样的倒装语序可能使句子的内在含义产生细微的、甚至明显的改变。只有注意观察引起倒装的原因,才能更准确地理解句子的含义。为了使句子的某成分突出,我们还会使用强调,而倒装语序大多都用于强调。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。而倒装语序中又有完全倒装和部分倒装,完全倒装相对简单一点。 


 二、完全倒装 


完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前,通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。


句型模式是:谓语+主语+…… 1. There be/ appear/ come/ remain+主语(+地点或时间状语) 


例如:There appeared to be a woman in red.那里有个穿红衣服的女人。 


2. 副词+谓语动词+名词主语+…… 出于修辞需要,表示方向的副词:out, down, in, up, away, on。 


例如:Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him. 


出于习惯用法:here, there, now, thus, hence, then。


例如:Here comes the taxi. 


 3. 过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… 


例如:Scattered 1 on the floor were several books and magazines. 


 三、部分倒装 部分倒装指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 


1. 下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时,若置句首,句子的主谓要部分倒装 :never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in no way, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner than, under no circumstances, in vain, still less。 


例如:Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state. 


 2. 以only修饰状语开头的句子,句子的主谓要部分倒装 例如:Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion. 


3. 以下列副词或短语开头的句子,句子的主谓要部分倒装 :often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point,many a time。 


例如:So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. 


 四、特殊从句的倒装 


 1. 让步从句的倒装 


(1) as引导让步状语从句,必须采用倒装结构,但不是主谓倒装,而是将被强调的内容置于句首。例如:Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job. 


(2) 出现在句型be+主语+其他中。例如:Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge—be it scientific or artistic 2. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping 3 them, went quite smoothly 4. Come what may, I’ll be on your side. 


 2. 比较从句的倒装 as, than引导的比较从句中,如果主语是名词短语且较长,经常采用倒装结构(不倒装也可以)。注意:这种结构主语一般为名词,如果是代词则不倒装。 


例如:Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce. Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body. 


在以上倒装结构的语法知识点中,考查较多的还是部分倒装,考生也应该重点关注部分倒装的情形,熟练掌握这些知识后,在写作中考生一定可以轻松应对了,预祝各位考生都能取得满意的成绩!



adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的
  • Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来,塞进文件夹里。
adj.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的;善于艺术创作的
  • The picture on this screen is a good artistic work.这屏风上的画是件很好的艺术品。
  • These artistic handicrafts are very popular with foreign friends.外国朋友很喜欢这些美术工艺品。
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船)
  • We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
  • There's a shipping charge of £5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。
adv.平滑地,顺利地,流利地,流畅地
  • The workmen are very cooperative,so the work goes on smoothly.工人们十分合作,所以工作进展顺利。
  • Just change one or two words and the sentence will read smoothly.这句话只要动一两个字就顺了。
标签: 英语四级
学英语单词
active control tech nology
automation of cargo handling
axis of figure
bainitic transformation
bibliotherapist
blind bombing zone
Bromus magnus
bullock hearts
butt-jointed shell ring
Bükkzsérc
cadence detection
Callicarpa kochiana
chable
chondrogen
columnwise
combined arms team
computer network
contrary intention
corpora liberum pericardii
crosslevel
dar pahn
diphasic titration
dislocation mucleation
equidecomposability
expendable drone
external selection
extreme ultraviolet
fictious person
flat called
Francisco Jose de Goya
Gafac surfactant
give dosage form
ground robin
Herford
hey
isolation between inputs
Jerseytown
jimmying
Kadavu Island
kidney essence
king matker
legal discipline
locator variable
madioxytheria formosana
menformon
metal fuelled
mucolic acids
non-convex quadratic programming
nondelivered
North-West Frontier Province
ordnance engineering
os pharyngeum inferius
Osmoxylon
outlay for liquidation
pain receptor
panting girder
Peacekeeper missile
pick-up coil
pill maker
ply strain
plywood-covered
Porto Grande
pottled
predicting relation
Proxylide
Quipar, R.
rafter
rashie
registro
reticulated vein
shoaib
single row ball bearing with ring seal
six panel door
SL-SD
slip of pen
smooth approach
spectral source density
spray decoration
stalking horses
starter nozzle
stratified one-stage cluster sampling
strepsigonia diluta takamukui
subcutaenous calcareous granuloma
surface of translation
tension-active element
Teza
threa
thump-thump
track balance
transient radiation damage
true fibre
V die
venin-antivenin
ventilating tube
waveshape
within-participants design
woman on the beach
Yedineniya, Ostrov
yellowfins
ymesurid
Zeddam