时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英美文化


英语课

 大家普遍认为10月31日是万圣节,实际上这并不是完全正确。更确切地说,10月31日的晚上称作万圣节前夜(The Eve of All Hallows)或是万圣节之夜(The eve of All Saints'Day),因为11月1日是天下圣徒之日(All Hallows Day),只不过为了方便,逐渐演变成了万圣节(Halloween)。最近几年,万圣节在国内变得流行起来,但是有些有关万圣节的小知识,却并没有很多人知道。我们来看看万圣节都有哪些不太为人所知的小知识吧。


  Jack-o’-lantern
  南瓜灯
  说到万圣节,就免不了联想到南瓜灯。南瓜灯的英文名是Jack-o’-lantern,让人不禁好奇,这Jack-o’-lantern里的Jack究竟是谁呢?为什么南瓜灯以他的名字命名呢?
  根据牛津英语词典(Oxford English Dictionary)的记载,在17世纪,Jack-o’-lantern的本意是“一个提着灯笼的男人;守夜人”,在这里,Jack这个名字可以指代任何人,就像jack of all trades(万事通)里的Jack一样。到了1673年,Jack-o’-lantern这个词又被赋予了新的含义,指代户外出现的神秘亮光,也就是鬼火(will-o’-the-wisp)。
  每年万圣节前夜制作灯笼的习俗起源于不列颠群岛(the British Isles),不过当时人们用的不是南瓜,而是大头菜(turnip)。后来在北美洲,人们发现南瓜更容易掏空,就选择了南瓜来做灯笼,渐渐地,Jack-o’-lantern就用来指代南瓜灯了。
  Trick-or-Treating
  不给糖,就捣乱
  对于孩子们来说,万圣节最重要的的活动就是“trick or treat(不给糖就捣乱)”了,不过这个习俗也是后来才有的。虽然在20世纪早期,北美洲的年轻人就有在万圣节之夜穿奇装异服、雕刻南瓜灯的习俗,不过却没有挨家挨户讨糖果的说法。倒是在19世纪,苏格兰以及英格兰某些地区的孩子们有着guising(穿化装服并常带面具登门拜访)和souling(富人要向祷告者分发食物)的习惯。牛津英语语料库(Oxford English Corpus)中说道,trick or treat相当于guising的现代版。
  Mischief 1 Night
  恶作剧之夜
  虽说孩子们嘴里喊着“不给糖就捣乱”,但他们并不会真的做出什么坏事,一般来说,他们的家长都会陪在他们身边。相反,在北美洲,恶作剧会发生在万圣节之前的10月30日的夜晚,青少年们会砸南瓜,扔鸡蛋,用厕纸来装饰树木。

n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,捣蛋,胡闹
  • Nobody took notice of the mischief of the matter. 没有人注意到这件事情所带来的危害。
  • He seems to intend mischief.看来他想捣蛋。
标签: 万圣节
学英语单词
4-CLTA
active power relay
auxiliary gas turbine
Ballarat
blurred image
bohunices
boundary layer integral relations
by the piece
capital deficiency
cast stone finish
CATT triode
Changalane
Cin
cobalt(ii) sulfate
composition of force
counsel and procure
Cratoxylum ligustrinum
data reasonableness test
David Copperfield
dejas
deltathione
depersonalisation disorders
dimethylalurea
disorders of temporomandibular joint
dream out
effects of action
electric contact liquid-in-glass thermometer
endless data recorder
event report source
Export Credits Guarantee Department
filament wound case
final exams
first-aid packet
fling something in someone's teeth
flue gas extinguisher system
geogrids
ghost in the machine
give someone an inch and they'll take a mile
graduation requirement
grey-winged trumpeter
half boot
hand-threshed paddy
have on one's shoulders
honeyguides
hors commerce
isobutyl nitrate
knocking-shop
kyodo tsushin
leptospire
letter of right
loc.cit.
long-wave method
Lukutu
lupini
luzio
mallee fowls
monocyte-index/glomerulus
monsignorial
music director
my side
neonatal disease
neutron reflector
new foreign bond issue
nonpagable region
palpebral antioma
performance type glider
phone banks
placated
planned balance
polysomal
premethylated
primer-detonator
proprietary standard
rearticulates
reorganizing
retro-fitting
rigid cellular plastic
rubber tube tourniquet
self indulgent
Sherman Anti-trust Act
signless
site construction condition
soapweed
sodium iodomethamate
solar power satellites
Southern Reg.
sovietdom
specific magnetizing moment
standard crop
stuggy
synchronous belt drive
tameabler
total strength
tubular rheostat
unscoured
us console
vengeant
warm temperate zone
warning instrument
wheel asphalt paver
win the garland
wounded soldiers