时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十一)月


英语课

 Crampfish became famous thanks to the movie Finding Nimo. In real life, their social hierarchy 1 is simple, larger fish dominate their smaller counterparts. Now we know that to reinforce the social structure, the fish communicate with aggressive and submissive audio signals. The news [infoes] in the journal PLoS ONE. 


Researchers recorded crampfish calls capturing this noise as one chased a smaller fish. These popping sounds functioned as an () aggression 2 signal. When the/a [confish] has been chased and wishes to submit, it [cheek]s its head in a submissive gesture and produces [quicking] noises like these. 
The researchers compared the aggressive and submissive calls and found that the sound posed in a submissive signal were shorter and more high-pitched. Unlike many animals that use sounds to drive/draw in potential mates, crampfish appear to use their calls only as a [lib] of social status. When a little fish makes submissive sounds to a larger one, neither has to invest in a physical confrontation 3, which is good news for small [fry], like Nimo.

n.等级制度;统治集团,领导层
  • There is a rigid hierarchy of power in that country.那个国家有一套严密的权力等级制度。
  • She's high up in the management hierarchy.她在管理阶层中地位很高。
n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
  • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
  • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
n.对抗,对峙,冲突
  • We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
  • After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后,他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。
学英语单词
aas(automatic addressing system)
accounting device
air-dried strenght
allogeneic effect
ancient ape
anti-statist
approaching target
aspies
BDAC
bertall
beware the ides of march
bootstrap block
butyl benzyl ether
byrthynsak
camera move
captress
chain loom
chain propagation reaction
charge and discharge valve
cherry-wood
chuckster
cich
coachhorse
comb ridge
compound iodine solution
conferencize
contact oven
control servo tab
Cyclogen
daylight lighting
electroactive polymer
equipment manager
es-
fellow travelers
Felton
fire truck
fixed bed chlorination
follicostatin
gastanker
generalized upper bound technique
genus vicugnas
granatoid
handling event function
heavy coating arc electrode
hold in pawn
hydraulic equipment
impulse air bottle
internal convection
intranasal antrcstomy
judge's chamber
Juvason
kept the pledge
lake-heads
language psychology
lockstitch
Lyul'pany
Malebranchism
merithew
miscellaneous load
modulated subcarrier method
moolgarda perusii
multi-function automatic fire alarm
muscular structures
narrativising
New Caledonia Basin
nominal mcr
Orafuran
outcome-oriented method
peasized
Phlomis megalantha
pinion offset
pneumatic chemistry
potassium tantalate-niobate
potato separator
preferential payment
Ra-Shalom
radiobarium
rapare
republicanization
safety significant incident
satellite launcher
scraper haulage
shrouding ring
sovereignty of Parliament
staffless
steady-state distribution equation
strontium ore deposit
subahdar
sway-bracings
Tharwāniyyah
the ownership
throw his weight about
toxicodendron
traitorousness
tubular combustion chamber
uncensors
vasographic
waveless sea
Wilton R.
woop
wvr
zeptoampere