SSS 2009-04-16
时间：2019-01-08 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(四)月
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.
Hard-training athletes boost their performance with a variety of popular sports drinks. These drinks do work. But not in the way you’d think. That’s according to research just published in The Journal of Physiology 1.
Researchers tested three drinks. One contained glucose 2, a sugar. A second had maltodextrin, a tasteless carbohydrate 3. The third was plain water. All three were laced with artificial sweeteners until they tasted identically sweet.
Endurance athletes rinsed 4 their mouths with one of the three drinks during a tough workout. Surprisingly, athletes that rinsed and spat 5 out the glucose and maltodextrin performed 2 to 3 percent better than those who got the artificial sweetener. They said they didn’t feel like they were working any harder. Then they had their brains scanned by fMRI. The drinks that had real sugar and carbs lit up areas of the brain connected to pleasure and reward. But the fake sweet water did not.
So maybe experiencing pleasure helps override 6 some of the challenge of the workout. And scientists say this means there are receptors in our mouth other than for simple taste, receptors that communicate directly with the brain. Kind of gives new meaning to the term muscle-head.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
- He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
- He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
- I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
- The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。
- You should not have too much carbohydrate in your diet.你日常饮食中不该有过多碳水化合物。
- Cashew nuts are rich in carbohydrate.腰果含丰富碳水化合物。
- She rinsed out the sea water from her swimming-costume. 她把游泳衣里的海水冲洗掉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The clothes have been rinsed three times. 衣服已经洗了三和。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
- There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。