时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十)月


英语课

The 2009 Nobel Prize in physiology 1 or medicine goes to Harvard’s Jack 2 Szostak, Johns Hopkins’s Carol Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn at U.C. San Francisco for their work on how chromosomes 3 are protected by telomeres and the enzyme 4 telomerase.


The Nobel laureates’ research helped explain how an organism’s DNA 5 is successfully copied when cells divide. Telomeres are genetic 6 sequences that act like little protective caps at the end of chromosomes—think of the sealed tips of your shoelaces. Telomerase is the enzyme that builds telomeres.


Blackburn and Szostak determined 7 that it was a specific DNA sequence in the telomeres that kept chromosomes from fraying 8 whenever they were copied when a cell splits in two. Blackburn and Greider discovered telomerase. The findings have implications for the understanding of aging and cancer. Because if the enzyme keeps the telomeres robust 9, the chromosomes stay protected and the cell’s aging is slowed. And in cancer cells, which unfortunately do not seem to age, telomere length is maintained virtually indefinitely. Szostak, Greider and Blackburn thus revealed one of life’s basic mechanisms 10, and paved the way for new medical strategies.


 



n.生理学,生理机能
  • He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
n.染色体( chromosome的名词复数 )
  • Chromosomes also determine the sex of animals. 染色体也决定动物的性别。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Each of four chromosomes divide longitudinally. 四种染色体的每一种都沿着纵向分裂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
n.酵素,酶
  • Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度,酶分子将会展开。
  • An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
adj.坚定的;有决心的
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
v.(使布、绳等)磨损,磨破( fray的现在分词 )
  • The cuffs of his shirt were fraying. 他衬衣的袖口磨破了。
  • Support for the leader was fraying at the edges. 对这位领导人的支持已经开始瓦解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
adj.强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的
  • She is too tall and robust.她个子太高,身体太壮。
  • China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道,中国希望保持经济强势增长,以减少贫困和失业状况。
n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 );机械装置;[生物学] 机制;机械作用
  • The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签: SSS protective
学英语单词
accurate manometry
Activation code
ad crumenam
allo-
amoriss
antialbumid
bayonet-tooth-forceps
boilloury
bookkeeping fees
burdened with debts
calcium borate
car-body van
centred wave
cilostazol
code divesion multiple access(cdma)
controlled fusion
cost to cost
Count off
dicoferin
dimethyl acetoacetic ester
direct drive auger
disclosure of ownership of shares
drill head machine
dropped-scone
dry tons
elaidic acid ethyl ester
ergasiatry
excess of arc
file protection
first face
Flynn effect
foramen costotransversarium (art. costotransversarii)
glechomas
gypsum wood-fibered plaster
gypsyings
hairnets
halfpennys
hits bottom
hospital door
hull strained
hydrodynamic lubrication
jamets
jiggerer
judicatum
Kalidium cuspidatum
keteleeria davidiana formosana
king point
L. Notes
layered file system
lead niobiumzine zirconate titanate ceramics
Leydig cell
light displacement of floating dock
long thoracic artery
loses track
mainstream society
marie-therese
matsumae
mei-yu period
monitor error message
mostoes
nitroso dyes
non symmetry
not yet diagnosed
omega network
one fourth
orlop
oscillating detector
osmonics
Oyoto
ozark plat.
P'anmun-gun
planned average monthly stock
plesiotrochus exilis
pop-up menu
prosected
push rod
renegation
Sapium japonicum
scratch inspection
ship climatic environment
shuttle changing automatic
ski-industry
slipped thread
soil heat radiation
ss? i wu
strip bars
suction cup
super refining
Tayloria
tertiary amputation
tertile
three-deck
trineural fasciculus
twin tub
two-photon fluorescence
vcha
vector product of vectors
view of locus in quo
visroauditory
water-hugging
wireless station
zinc paint