The History of Coffee 咖啡的历史
英语课
The History of Coffee 咖啡的历史
The history and development of the beverage 1 that we know as coffee is varied 2 and interesting, involving chance occurrences, political intrigue 3, and the pursuit of wealth and power.
According to one story, a sheepherder named Kaldi as he tended his sheep noticed the effect of coffee beans on behavior. He noticed that the sheep became hyperactive after eating the red "cherries" from a certain plant when they changed pastures. He tried a few themselves, and was soon as overactive as his herd 4. The story relates that a monk 5 happened by and scolded him for "partaking of the devil's fruit." However the monks 6 soon discovered that this fruit from the shiny green plant could help them stay awake for their prayers.
Another legend gives us the name for coffee or "mocha." An Arabian was banished 7 to the desert with his followers 8 to die of starvation. In desperation, Omar had his friends boil and eat the fruit from an unknown plant. Not only did the broth 9 save the exiles, but the residents of the nearest town, Mocha, took their survival as a religious sign. The plant and its beverage were named Mocha to honor this event.
One early use for coffee would have little appeal today. The Galla tribe from Ethiopia used coffee, but not as a drink. They would wrap the beans in animal fat as their only source of nutrition while on raiding parties. The Turks were the first countries to adopt it as a drink, often adding spices such as clove 10, cinnamon, cardamom and anise to the brew 11.
Coffee was introduced much later to countries beyond Arabia whose inhabitants believed it to be a delicacy 12 and guarded its secret as if they were top secret military plans. The government forbade transportation of the plant out of the Moslem 13 nations. The actual spread of coffee was started illegally. One Arab named Baba Budan smuggled 14 beans to some mountains near Mysore, India, and started a farm there. Early in this century, the descendants of those original plants were found still growing fruitfully in the region.
Coffee was believed by some Christians 15 to be the devil's drink. Pope Vincent III heard this and decided 16 to taste it before he banished it. He enjoyed it so much and baptized it, saying, "coffee is so delicious it would be a pity to let the infidels have exclusive use of it."
Coffee today is grown and enjoyed worldwide, and is one of the few crops that small farmers in third-world countries can profitably export.
n.(水，酒等之外的)饮料
- The beverage is often colored with caramel.这种饮料常用焦糖染色。
- Beer is a beverage of the remotest time.啤酒是一种最古老的饮料。
adj.多样的，多变化的
- The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
- The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。
vt.激起兴趣，迷住；vi.耍阴谋；n.阴谋，密谋
- Court officials will intrigue against the royal family.法院官员将密谋反对皇室。
- The royal palace was filled with intrigue.皇宫中充满了勾心斗角。
n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起
- She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
- He had no opinions of his own but simply follow the herd.他从无主见，只是人云亦云。
n.和尚，僧侣，修道士
- The man was a monk from Emei Mountain.那人是峨眉山下来的和尚。
- Buddhist monk sat with folded palms.和尚合掌打坐。
n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 )
- The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
- He had been trained rigorously by the monks. 他接受过修道士的严格训练。 来自《简明英汉词典》
v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 )
- He was banished to Australia, where he died five years later. 他被流放到澳大利亚，五年后在那里去世。
- He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year. 他被放逐到一个无人居住的荒岛一年。 来自《简明英汉词典》
追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件
- the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
- The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。
n.原(汁)汤(鱼汤、肉汤、菜汤等)
- Every cook praises his own broth.厨子总是称赞自己做的汤。
- Just a bit of a mouse's dropping will spoil a whole saucepan of broth.一粒老鼠屎败坏一锅汤。
n.丁香味
- If tired,smell a whiff of clove oil and it will wake you up.如果疲倦，闻上一点丁香油将令人清醒。
- A sweet-smell comes from roses and clove trees.丁香与玫瑰的香味扑鼻而来。
v.酿造，调制
- Let's brew up some more tea.咱们沏些茶吧。
- The policeman dispelled the crowd lest they should brew trouble.警察驱散人群，因恐他们酿祸。
n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴
- We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
- He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。
n.回教徒，穆罕默德信徒；adj.回教徒的，回教的
- Moslem women used to veil their faces before going into public.信回教的妇女出门之前往往用面纱把脸遮起来。
- If possible every Moslem must make the pilgrimage to Mecca once in his life.如有可能，每个回教徒一生中必须去麦加朝觐一次。
水货
- The customs officer confiscated the smuggled goods. 海关官员没收了走私品。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Those smuggled goods have been detained by the port office. 那些走私货物被港务局扣押了。 来自互联网
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
- Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
- His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
标签：
History