专业术语—口腔生理学术语V(英文详解)
Vaccine 1 - a planned exposure to an antigen in order that memory B lymphocytes can retain a memory for it. In practice the organism carrying the antigen is either killed or modified so that it does not cause the disease. When encountered again, the antigen is recognised and there will be a rapid production of antibodies. For example smallpox 2, polio, measles 3. Influenza 4 vaccines 5 are less effective as new strains of the virus are always occurring which do not have recognisable antigens.
Vacuole- a sac-like structure within a cell lined by cell membrane 6, containing material ingested by phagocytosis.
Vasoconstriction - a reduction in the diameter of small arteries 8 (arterioles) which is caused by constriction 7 of the smooth muscle fibres in the wall of the arteriole. Vasoconstriction is an important method of increasing the blood pressure. In local areas of damage it prevents blood loss by haemostasis. Local vasoconstriction can be caused by nerve impulses to the smooth muscle from the sympathetic nervous system, by locally released prostaglandins, serotonin and Epinephrine.
Vasodilation - an increase reduction in the diameter of small arteries (arterioles) which is caused by relaxation 9 of the smooth muscle fibres in the wall of the arteriole. While vasoconstriction prevents blood loss in damaged tissues, vasodilation follows in order to allow the blood flow to slow down and clotting 10 factors and leucotrines to seep 11 into the damaged tissue. Local vasodilation can be caused by nerve impulses to the smooth muscle from the parasympathetic nervous system, and by locally released bradykinins.
Visco-elastic - a property of a material which combines elasticity 12 and viscosity 13. The suspension of a car and the periodontal ligament of the tooth are examples of visco-elastic support. Elasticity refers to the return of a material to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to flowing fast.
Viscous 14 - a liquid which has a high viscosity, or resistance to flow.
- The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
- She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
- In 1742 he suffered a fatal attack of smallpox.1742年，他染上了致命的天花。
- Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child?你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？
- The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
- The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。
- They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza.他们采取措施
- Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。
- His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
- The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
- A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
- A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。
- She feels a constriction in the chest. 她胸部有压迫感。
- If you strain to run fast, you start coughing and feel a constriction in the chest. 还是别跑紧了，一咬牙就咳嗽，心口窝辣蒿蒿的！ 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
- Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The minister has consistently opposed any relaxation in the law.部长一向反对法律上的任何放宽。
- She listens to classical music for relaxation.她听古典音乐放松。
- The study was also based only on the one anti-clotting drug. 所用抗血栓药物也仅限于一种。 来自互联网
- A plasma protein that is converted into thrombin during blood clotting. 凝血原酶一种血浆蛋白质，在血液凝聚时转化成凝血''。'酵'。''''。'素'。''。 来自互联网
- My anger began to seep away.我的怒火开始消下去了。
- If meteoric water does not evaporate or run overland,it may seep directly into the ground.如果雨水不从陆地蒸发和流走的话，就可能直接渗入地下。
- The skin eventually loses its elasticity.皮肤最终会失去弹性。
- Every sort of spring has a definite elasticity.每一种弹簧都有一定的弹性。
- The viscosity shows a rather pronounced variation with temperature.温度对粘度的影响十分明显。
- The reciprocal of viscosity is known as fluidity.粘度的反意就是流动性。