专业术语—口腔生理学术语A1(英文详解)
Abductors - muscle taking a limb or the jaw 1 away from the body.
Acetyl choline - Aneurotransmitter substance found at all cholinergic synapses 2 including those of motoneurones at the neuromuscular junction 3.
Acini - the secreting 4 units of a gland 5. Each acinus is a sack-like structure, lined by secreting cells. The sack opens out into a tubule.
Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis -abbreviated to ANUG- a painful and destructive infection of the gingiva caused by a shift in the normal balance of bacteria in the gingival sulcus, in which fusobacteria and spirochaetes become dominant 6.
Adapt- to modify in response to change. When used in regard to evolution, it means that some structure or behaviour of an organism may over time, appear to change in response toa new threat or opportunity in the environment. The bacterium 7 which causes tuberculosis 8 has developed certain strains which have adapted to the antibiotics 9 used to treat the disease which is now becoming more difficult to treat.
Adductors - muscle bringing a limb or the jaw towards the body.
Adhesion - to form a chemical bond of attachment 10 between two surfaces (see Ligand and lectin).
Adrenalin - see epinephrine.
Aerobic 11 respiration 12 -a type of respiration which requires oxygen and in which glucose 13 is broken down to release energy in a series of steps. The end products are carbon dioxide and water. Step 1;glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid in the cell cylasm with the release of 4 hydrogen atoms. Step 2; pyruvic acid is oxidised to acetylcoenzyme A (acetyl CoA), with the release of 4 further hydrogen atoms. Step 3; In the KREB cycle, 16 atoms of hydrogen are released. At all stages the hydrogen atoms are used to form the high energy molecule 15 adenosine triphospate (ATP) via the electron transport system . See also Anaerobic 16 respiration .
Affected 17 dentine - dentine which has been demineralised by acids in advance of invading caries bacteria. A distinction is made between affected dentine and infected dentine, because affected dentine is able to remineralise and should not be removed during cavity preparation.
Aggregate 18 - clumps 19 or collections of small particles or bacteria .
Alkaline phosphatase - an enzyme 14 which removes phosphate groups from organic compounds at an alkaline pH. It is found in high concentrations in matrix vesicles which are about to form new bone mineral. Alkaline phosphatase activity is a good indicator 20 of bone formation.
Alveolar bone - bone which develops around the roots of the teeth to hold them firmly in place. See gomphosis. If the teeth are extracted, the alveolar bone resorbs away. Alveolar bone consists of both trabecula and cortical types of bone.
- He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
- A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。
- Nerve cells communicate with one another at the synapses, where their membranes almost touch. 神经细胞在突触部位彼此沟通，在这里它们的膜几乎接触到一起了。 来自辞典例句
- Glutamatergic synapses are common excitatory chemical connections in mammalian central nervous system. 谷氨酸性突触是哺乳动物神经系统的主要兴奋性突触。 来自互联网
- There's a bridge at the junction of the two rivers.两河的汇合处有座桥。
- You must give way when you come to this junction.你到了这个路口必须让路。
- It is also an endocrine gland secreting at least two important hormones. 它也是一种内分泌腺，至少分泌二种重要的激素。 来自辞典例句
- And some calcite-secreting organisms also add magnesium to the mix. 有些分泌方解石的生物，会在分泌物中加入镁。 来自互联网
- This is a snake's poison gland.这就是蛇的毒腺。
- Her mother has an underactive adrenal gland.她的母亲肾上腺机能不全。
- The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
- She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。
- The bacterium possibly goes in the human body by the mouth.细菌可能通过口进入人体。
- A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。
- People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
- Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。
- the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
- The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
- She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
- She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。
- Aerobic exercise helps to build up stamina.有氧健身操有助于增强耐力。
- Aerobic dance is conductive to the health.有氧舞蹈有助于健康。
- They tried artificial respiration but it was of no avail.他们试做人工呼吸，可是无效。
- They made frequent checks on his respiration,pulse and blood.他们经常检查他的呼吸、脉搏和血液。
- I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
- The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。
- Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度，酶分子将会展开。
- An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。
- A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈̬f婘̬ 妈̬成的。
- This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
- Anaerobic respiration occurs only in particularly active tissues such as muscles during severe exercise. 厌氧呼吸只有在处于剧烈运动状态的肌肉等特别活跃的组织中才会发生。
- Infection,especially anaerobic infection, is much more apt to occur.感染，特别是厌氧感染很容易发生。
- She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
- His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
- The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
- The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。
- These plants quickly form dense clumps. 这些植物很快形成了浓密的树丛。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The bulbs were over. All that remained of them were clumps of brown leaves. 这些鳞茎死了，剩下的只是一丛丛的黃叶子。 来自《简明英汉词典》