专业术语—口腔生理学术语A2(英文详解)
Ameloblasts- cells which differentiate 1 from ectoderm and secrete 2 enamel 3 during tooth development.
Amino acids - building blocks of proteins containing a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group(NH2) both attached to the same carbon atom . The difference between the 20 common amino acids lies in the nature of a side chain the "R" group. Each amino acid, has a code of three adjacent nucleotides on the DNA 4 molecule 5. Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to form polypeptides and proteins.
Amorphous 6 calcium 7 phosphate - a non crystalline form of apatite which may form as much as30% of bone mineral.
Amygdala- part of the limbic system, which seems to provide the emotional assessment 8 of a new sensation with the memory of a similar sensation.
Anaerobic 9 respiration 11 - the first step in the production of ATP is to break down glucose 12. This process of glycolysis is a 10 step series of reactions leading finally to the smaller molecule pyruvate. The energy derived 13 from this process is a hydrogen ion and an electron, which are both placed onto the carrier molecule as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH+). As the pyruvate and NAD H+ are produced they could move into the mitochondria, for the nextstage of aerobic 10 respiration, provided oxygen is available. If there is no oxygen, NAD H H+ is used in a process of substrate phosphorylation to form ATP. But the pyruvate builds up. It is then converted to lactic 14 acid and removed to the liver. If lactic acid is not removed fast enough it causes muscle weakness and pain. Anaerobic glycolysis does not produce a high yield of energy. There are still high energy bonds remaining in the pyruvate and there is no benefit from the large yield of ATP made possible by the electron transport system in the mitochondria
Angiogenesis - the development of blood vessels 15 - a key event in embryology and healing.
Ankylosis - bony fusion 16 of the two surfaces of a joint 17 to each other, which prevents movement. Ankylosis of the tooth root to its bony socket 18 may causes root resorption.
Antibacterial - inhibiting 20 the growth of bacteria.
Antibodies -are proteins called immunoglobulins which circulate in the blood and body fluids. They bind 21 specifically to antigens that have induced them. Antibodies are able to inactivate 22 bacterial 19 toxins 23, viruses and help phagocytes to engulf 24 whole bacteria. They have a vital role to play in the bodies immune response to foreign proteins.
Antigens - proteins, usually foreign, which cause the bodies defense 25 system to produce an antibody. Antigens may be food proteins, bacteria ,viruses or protozoa or cells from another individual(transplant).
Antrum - a hollow cave or SINUS, inside the maxillary bone which is lined by respiratory epithelium.
- You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
- He never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。
- The pores of your body secrete sweat.身上的毛孔分泌汗液。
- Squirrels secrete a supply of nuts for winter.松鼠为准备过冬而藏坚果。
- I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
- He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
- A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈̬f婘̬ 妈̬成的。
- This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
- There was a weakening of the intermolecular bonds,primarily in the amorphous region of the polymer.分子间键合减弱，尤其在聚合物的无定形区内更为明显。
- It is an amorphous colorless or white powder.它是一种无定形的无色或白色粉末。
- We need calcium to make bones.我们需要钙来壮骨。
- Calcium is found most abundantly in milk.奶含钙最丰富。
- This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
- What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？
- Anaerobic respiration occurs only in particularly active tissues such as muscles during severe exercise. 厌氧呼吸只有在处于剧烈运动状态的肌肉等特别活跃的组织中才会发生。
- Infection,especially anaerobic infection, is much more apt to occur.感染，特别是厌氧感染很容易发生。
- Aerobic exercise helps to build up stamina.有氧健身操有助于增强耐力。
- Aerobic dance is conductive to the health.有氧舞蹈有助于健康。
- They tried artificial respiration but it was of no avail.他们试做人工呼吸，可是无效。
- They made frequent checks on his respiration,pulse and blood.他们经常检查他的呼吸、脉搏和血液。
- I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
- The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。
- Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Now they wear rubber fingers treated with lactic acid.现在他们带上了用乳酸处理过的橡皮指套。
- Lactic acid is an important organic acid of industrial importance.乳酸是一种具有重要工业价值的有机酸。
- The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc. 黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
- This alloy is formed by the fusion of two types of metal.这种合金是用两种金属熔合而成的。
- I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
- We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
- He put the electric plug into the socket.他把电插头插入插座。
- The battery charger plugs into any mains socket.这个电池充电器可以插入任何类型的电源插座。
- Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
- Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
- The high cost of borrowing is inhibiting investment by industry in new equipment. 借款的高成本抑制了企业对新设备的投资。
- The pesticides affect the nervous system by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase. 这类农药抑制胆碱酯酶而影响神经系统。
- I will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
- He wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。
- We put bacteria in an environment at low temperature to inactivate them.我们将细菌置於低温的环境中使之失去活性。
- Food processing destroys some nutrients,but can also inactivate toxins and increase the availability of other nutrients.食物加工破坏一些营养物质，但也可以灭活毒素，并增加其他营养物质的可用性。
- The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
- Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Floodwaters engulf a housing project in the Bajo Yuna community in central Dominican Republic.洪水吞没了多米尼加中部巴杰优那社区的一处在建的住房工程项目。
- If we are not strong enough to cover all the minds up,then they will engulf us,and we are in danger.如果我们不够坚强来抵挡大众的意念，就会有被他们吞没的危险。