时间:2018-12-01 作者:英语课 分类:自考英语(一)78讲


英语课













 






 
  Without air, there would be no fire. There would be no cars or trucks, since motors need air in order to work.
   
      Without air, there would be no wind or clouds. There would be no weather, as we know it.(结构:状、意义:定) The night time would be very cold and the days very hot. We would be forced to seek shelter from the sun, as there would be no atmosphere to protect us from the suns deadly rays.
   
      The atmosphere is all the air surrounding the earth.  Atmospheric 1 pressure is the weight of all that air against the surface of the earth. If we did not have atmospheric pressure, we could not have automobile 2 tires. The tires would burst if they did not have the pressure of the atmosphere against their surfaces.
   
      Large and powerful,(being large and powerful) the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles high. It presses down on our bodies with a force of more than fourteen pounds per square inch. The narrow column 3 of air which rests upon our shoulders weighs almost 2,000 pounds. But our bodies are built in such a way that this weight does not crush 4 us.
   
      In this huge ocean of air there is more energy than in all the coal, oil, and gas that we have on earth. Electrical energy is collected in the atmosphere as water is collected and stored in a dam. The existence of electricity in the air has been known for centuries. Men have gazed 5 in wonder at the bright patterns of lightning in storm clouds. But a thorough 6 study of electricity in the atmosphere was not possible until the development of radio and radar 7.
      one scientist, Dr. Sydney Chapman, has tried to explain the electric field which surrounds the earth. He believes that the great storms on the sun create large amounts of electric energy. This energy is contained in a very light gas called hydrogen 8. The earth pulls the gas toward 9 it, and a ring is formed around the earth several thousand feet above its surface. The great space ring is a powerful current of electrical energy. Sometimes the ring comes down and curves 10 into the lower atmosphere, causing strange electrical effects.
   
       Dr. Chapmans ideas explain many things. It has long been known that there is an electric field inside the earth. It(electric field) moves in much the same manner as the electric energy contained in the atmosphere. Scientists now believe that the electric energy in the atmosphere causes the electric energy inside the earth to flow.
   
  If we can learn to control the energy in the atmosphere, we will have an unending supply of energy. Many scientists are trying to learn how to control it. In the meantime 11, even those of us who are not scientists have begun to pay attention to air. We realize that air does not contain the same elements that it contained years ago.  Automobiles 12, airplanes, factories, and atomic 13 explosions 14 have added dust and waste gases to the atmosphere. It is time to learn how to protect our atmosphere, the roof over the world of man.
   
  If I were you, I would give up smoking.
  Were I you, I would give up smoking.
  If you went now, you could see him.
   
  If you had taken my advice, you would have got success.
  Had you taken my advice, you would have got success.
  It is important that our earth should be protected form pollution.
   
  It is necessary that he  read English every day.
   
   
条件从句, +主句
If there were no air, there would be no wind.
  Were there no air, there would be no wind.
  Without air, there would be no wind.
   

If …, … .

与现在相反If+过去式 would (should) + 动词原形
If I were you, I would reconsider their proposal 15.
If the manager were here, he might make a decision.
与过去相反:
If+过去完成时(had+过去分词), should (would) + have +过去分词
If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.
If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come.
  Had he not been ill, he might have come.
与将来相反:
If+should +动词原形 (were+动词不定式)should (would) + 动词原形
If he should fail, we should encourage him to try again.
If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.
省略条件从句中的if
如果条件从句的谓语包含有had, should were有时if 可以省略。
If he had not been ill, he might have come.
Had he not been ill, he might have come.
 
If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.
Were I to do it, I would do it in a different way.
If it should rain tomorrow, what could we do?
Should it rain tomorrow, what could we do?
主语从句
下列结构中,从句动词原形should+动词原形
It is necessary (important, essential, advisable 16, ordered, proposed 18, requested, suggested, recommended, demanded ) that…
 
It is necessary that he __ there at once.
Send; sent; is sent; be sent
Send; sends; sent; be sent
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held at some other time.
宾语从句
下列动词后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词用动词原形should+动词原形
suggest, insist, recommend, propose 17, require, request, demand
 
They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult.
We insisted that Mr. Brown chair the meeting.
Wish后的宾语从句表未实现的主观愿望




  动词形式

  用法


  过去式

  表当时未实现的愿望


  过去完成式

  表过去未实现的愿望


  过去将来式

  表将来不大可能实现的愿望
I would rather _walk__ (walk) home.
  I would rather you __walked_ (walk) home.
I wish I were as young as you.
We wish he hadn’t gone.
It is time that…
It is time _to go_ (go) to school.
  It is time you _went_ (go) to school.
 
巩固练习
They wish there __ (be) much water and air on the moon.
 
If fish were the best brain food, many people _would eat_ (will, eat) more fish than usual to improve their memory.
 
If we _did not have_ (not, have) air, there would be no sound.
It is recommended that he _apply_ (apply) for a position in an international bank.
 
If we _had been_ (have, be) more careful, such mistakes could have been avoided.
 
If her pains _had been caused_ (have, cause) by a heart attack and not by panic, she would probably have been operated on in the hospital.
 
Without air, the night time _would be_ (will, be) very cold and the days very hot.
I would rather he _bought_ (buy) the house next year.
 
I wish man _could build_ (can, build) a nest which is as good as one built by birds.
It is desirable 19 that both the father and mother _earn_ (earn) money for the family.
If we ______ (not, have) air, there would be no sound. 8B 2000
If we did not have atmospheric pressure, we __could not have__ (can, not, have) automobile tires. (8B 2003 )
 
要是昨天他早一点回到家,他的女儿就不会把他的手表拆了。2000
If he had come home a little earlier yesterday, his daughter would not have taken apart his watch
wish, would rather (sooner)后的虚拟语气
 
I didn‘t go to the party, but I do wish I ___(be) there. (2002 )
 
We often hear old people wishing they ___ young again .
[A] are                      [B] were
[C] had been               [D] will be
(2001 )
从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气,其中should可省略。
备考要点:
  特殊记忆教材p542-3页上所涉及到的词汇。
   
   


 



1 atmospheric
adj.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的
  • Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
  • Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。
2 automobile
n.汽车,机动车
  • He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
  • The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。
3 column
n.列,柱形图;专栏;圆柱;纵队
  • I often read his column in the local paper.我经常在当地的报纸上看到他的专栏文章。
  • A column of soldiers marched down the highway.一个士兵纵队沿着公路行进。
4 crush
v.压垮,压倒,压服,镇压;压碎,碾碎
  • This machine is made to crush the rock into powder.这台机器是用来把石头压成碎末的。
  • You can't crush so many people into the classroom.不能让这么多人挤进教室。
5 gazed
v.凝视,注视( gaze的过去式和过去分词 )
  • He gazed at her with pure adoration. 他一往情深地注视着她。
  • She gazed at him in amazement. 她惊异地注视着他。
6 thorough
adj. 彻底的,完全的,精心的
  • He made a very thorough analysis on the situation.他对形势的分析很透彻。
  • The committee reported its findings after a thorough investigation.委员会在彻底调查以后报告了调查结果。
7 radar
n.雷达,无线电探测器
  • They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
  • Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。
8 hydrogen
n.氢元素,氢气
  • Water is made up of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen.水由氢和氧的原子构成。
  • A chemist can isolate the oxygen from the hydrogen in water.一个化学家能把水中的氧和氢分解。
9 toward
prep.对于,关于,接近,将近,向,朝
  • Suddenly I saw a tall figure approaching toward the policeman.突然间我看到一个高大的身影朝警察靠近。
  • Upon seeing her,I smiled and ran toward her. 看到她我笑了,并跑了过去。
10 curves
n.曲线( curve的名词复数 );弧线;曲线状物;弯曲物v.(使)弯成弧形( curve的第三人称单数 )
  • She was wearing a low strapless dress that hugged her curves cleverly. 她身穿一件紧贴着她的身体的曲线的低胸露肩连衣裙。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road. 汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。 来自《简明英汉词典》
11 meantime
n.其时,其间;adv.同时,当时
  • I continued working,meantime,he went out shopping.我继续工作,这期间他出去买东西。
  • In the meantime we pressed on with the airlift.与此同时,我们加紧进行空运。
12 automobiles
n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )
  • When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后,就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上,汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
13 atomic
adj.(关于)原子的;原子能(武器)的
  • The atomic theory is important.原子理论很重要。
  • We should take part in the peaceful uses of atomic energy.我们应该参与原子能的和平应用。
14 explosions
爆炸( explosion的名词复数 ); 爆发; 激增; (感情,尤指愤怒的)突然爆发
  • Soon afterwards five explosions were heard from the area. 此后不久从那个地方传来五次爆炸声。
  • They were monitoring the upper air to collect evidence of atomic explosions. 他们正在检测高空空气以收集原子爆炸的证据。
15 proposal
n.提议,建议;求婚
  • I feel that we ought to accept his proposal.我觉得我们应该接受他的建议。
  • They could not gain over anyone to support their proposal.他们无法争取到支持他们建议的人。
16 advisable
adj.可取的,适当的,明智的
  • It was advisable for you not to mention that.你不提及那件事是明智的。
  • I do not think it advisable to park our car here.我认为将我们的小汽车停放在此处是不妥当的。
17 propose
v.提出,建议;提名,推荐
  • Did he propose marriage to you?他向你求婚了吗?
  • I propose resting for an hour.我建议休息一小时。
18 proposed
被提议的
  • There is widespread discontent among the staff at the proposed changes to pay and conditions. 员工对改变工资和工作环境的建议普遍不满。
  • an outcry over the proposed change 对拟议的改革所发出的强烈抗议
19 desirable
adj.值得拥有的;可取的,有利的
  • Some reasonable adjustments seem desirable.某些合理的调整似乎是可取的。
  • Prolonged negotiation was not desirable.拖长了的谈判并不是大家所想要的。
标签: 自考英语 air fire
学英语单词
abdominal part
absolutely stable
absorbing state
adrenochromes
aluminium foils
asymmetric transformation
banded stilts
basivertebral vein
battologized
be let in on the ground floor
body feed
Buridan's ass
cash invoice
Chorzelów
chronographer
clip off
combined vibrating roller
compensating feedback loop
conus planorbis
cost objective
cotton production
cylinder by-pass valve
D-frame
data over voice
days of rest
deglamorization
derestrict
dextrotorsion
dispersion-equalization
ditching attitude
Dohans
electrical characteristics
externally-braced monoplane
fall-out of synchronism
forecaddies
golden eagle
Goldstein-Scheerer tests
graduated string
half-hunter
Haplopappus spinulosus
have analogy to
heating system
heliotridylamine
hildebrand
hotlines
hyuck
indirect type central air-conditioning unit
Internet suffix
Izena-jima
Kurdistani
lampyridaes
leukoplania
liquid waste receiver tank
local acceptance
lsi-cml circuit technology
magnetoresistance magnetometer
merions
metal surface plasmon and second harmonic generator
minimum graph
mohs scales
natural environment management
nervi ampullaris lateralis
neverless
occasional light
once and a way
ordinary life assurance
oscillator padding
Osipa
photocell matrix
piston curl
pivot hinge
pontes
prequalified tenderer
puffest
queueing system structure
reflux column
repair of side ditch
Revere, Paul
sample-reset loop filter
Scirpus rosthornii
scornliche
separation of spinal cord and arachnoid adhesions
silicon diode array
sope
speed through the water
stellite-faced valve
Subprime Meltdown
tee-times
toll free number
toroidal discharge
transitive law
trichomonal urethro-cystitis
under constraint
undistributed score
virus diarrhea
waltz through
white cypresses
wide anode
win ... over
Yak-141
yellow-necked mice
zygomorphic pea flower