8-8 现代奥运回顾：1988年汉城奥运会

Modern Olympic Games Review:

1988 Seoul Olympics

For the first time since Munich in 1972, there was no organized boycott 11 of the Summer Olympics. Cuba and Ethiopia stayed away2 in support of North Korea (the IOC turned down3 the North Koreans' demand to co-host the Games, so they refused to participate), but that was about it.

More countries (159) sent more athletes (8,391) to South Korea than to any previous Olympics. There were also more security personnel (100,000) than ever before given Seoul's proximity 24 (30 miles) to the North and the possibility of student demonstrations 3 for reunification.

Ten days into the Games, Canadian Ben Johnson beat defending champion Carl Lewis in the 100-meter dash5 with a world record time of 9.79. Two days later, however, Johnson was stripped6 of his gold medal and sent packing7 by the IOC when his post-race drug test indicated steroid8 use. Lewis, who finished second in the 100, was named the winner. He also repeated in the long jump, but was second in the 200 and did not run the 4× 100-relay. Lewis’ team mate Florence Griffith Joyner claimed three gold medals in the 100, 200 and 4× 100-meter relay, and silver in the 4× 400 relay. Her sister-in-law, Jackie Joyner-Kersee, won the long jump and heptathlon9.

The most gold medals were won by swimmers Kristin Otto of East Germany (6) and American Matt Biondi (5). Otherwise, Steffi Graf added an Olympic gold medal to her Grand Slam10 sweep in tennis, Greg Louganis won both men's diving events for the second straight11 time, and the U.S. men's basketball team had to settle for third place after losing to the gold medal-winning Soviets 4, 76- 82, in the semifinals.

For China, the results of five golds, eleven silvers and twelve bronzes were far from satisfactory. Compared with their performance at the 23rd Olympics, the Chinese athletes did not do so well in Seoul as they faced many more strong rivals, including those who did not show up in Los Angeles.

注释：

1. boycott [5bCikEt] n. (联合)抵制，拒绝参加

2. stay away 不出席，离开，不在

3. turn down 拒绝(某人或其请求、忠告等)，[美口] 拒绝……的计划

4. proximity [prCk5simEti] n.  接近，邻近，临近

5. dash [dAF] n. [美] 短跑

6. strip [strip] vt. 除去，剥夺

7. send sb. packing 叫某人卷铺盖，突然解雇某人

8. steroid [5stiErCid] n. [生化] 类固醇，甾类化合物

9. heptathlon [hep5tAWlCn] n. [体] 七项全能(田径)运动(于1981年正式成为女子运动项目)

10. grand slam  [体] 大满贯，全胜(指在网球、高尔夫球等体育运动的联赛中每战皆胜)

11. straight [streit] a. 连续的，不间断的

现代奥运回顾

——1988年汉城奥运会

自从1972年慕尼黑奥运会以来，这是头一次夏季奥运会没有遭到有组织的抵制。古巴和埃塞俄比亚因支持北朝鲜而没有参赛（国际奥委会拒绝了北朝鲜希望联合举办奥运会的要求，后者因此拒绝参赛），但事情就到此为止。

与往年任何一届相比，更多的国家（159个）派出了更多的运动员（8391）前往南朝鲜参赛。由于汉城距离北朝鲜只有30英里，同时考虑到可能发生要求统一的学生示威游行，因此保安人员数量（达10万人）也超过往届。

奥运会进行到第十天时，加拿大人本·约翰逊在100米短跑中以创纪录的9.79秒击败了卫冕冠军卡尔·刘易斯。然而两天之后，约翰逊便因赛后药检被查出曾服用类固醇而被国际奥委会取消了金牌，并被遣送回国。在100米赛跑中获得第二名的刘易斯成为获胜者。此外，刘易斯还在跳远比赛中蝉联冠军，但在200米赛跑中只获得第二，并且没有参加4×100米接力赛。刘易斯的队友弗洛伦斯·格里菲思·乔伊纳在女子100米、200米和4×100米比赛中夺冠，并获得4×400米接力赛的银牌。她的小姑子雅姬·乔伊纳?克西则赢得跳远和七项全能的金牌。

获得金牌数最多的当数东德游泳选手克里斯廷·奥托（6枚）和美国游泳选手马特·比昂迪（5枚）。另外，施特菲·格拉芙以一块奥运会网球金牌为其大满贯锦上添花。格雷格·洛加尼斯再次夺得跳水项目的两枚金牌。美国男子篮球队却在半决赛中以76：82输给金牌得主苏联队，只获得季军。

对于中国，5枚金牌、11枚银牌和12枚铜牌的战绩远远不能令人满意。与23届奥运会的成绩相比，中国运动员在汉城的发挥不尽如人意。这是因为他们此次面临的是很多更强的对手，其中包括没有出现在洛杉矶奥运赛场的高手。