10-6 罗马
时间：2018-12-30 作者：英语课 分类：英语沙龙2004全年合辑下
Rome
In Rome, Nero fiddled1, Mark Antony praised Caesar, and Charlemagne2 was crowned. Today, you can walk in their footsteps past the masterpieces of Michelangelo, sip 2 your cafè in the shadow of Mussolini, and dodge 33 Vespas4 speeding by Baroque5 palazzi6 and Egyptian obelisks7. The ages of history live on in this, the Eternal City.
However you arrive in Rome, you can tell by the traffic that you are entering a grand nexus 58: all roads lead to Rome. As you enter the city proper, edifices9, icons10, and images to match your expectations take shape: a bridge with heroic statues along its parapets11; a towering cake of ornate12 marble decorated with allegorical13 figures in extravagant 814 poses; a piazza 915 and an obelisk 4 under an umbrella of pine trees; a massive stone arena 10, even bigger than you imagined, that you realize with awe 11 is the fabled 12 Colosseum.
More than Florence, more than Venice, Rome is Italy's treasure trove 1316, packed with masterpieces from more than two millennia 14 of artistic 15 achievement -- for this is where Republican Rome once bustled17 around the buildings of the Roman Forum 17, centuries later Michelangelo Buonarroti painted the ceiling in the Sistine Chapel 18, and in modern times, Federico Fellini filmed La Dolce Vita and 17/2 at Cinecittà Studios.
Rome's 2,700 years of history are laid open with every step. Ancient Rome rubs shoulders with the medieval18, the modern runs into the Renaissance 1919, and the result is like nothing so much as an open-air museum, a city that glories in its glories and is a monument to itself. Ancient Romans, Vandals20, Popes21 and the Borgias22, Michelangelo and Bernini23, Napolé on, and Mussolini all left their physical, cultural, and spiritual marks on the city.
Today, Rome's formidable legacy 20 is upheld by its people. Students walk dogs in the park that was once the mausoleum24 of the family of the Emperor Augustus25; Raphaelesque26 madonnas27 line up for buses on busy corners; a priest in flowing robes walks through a medieval piazza talking on a cell phone. Modern Rome has one foot in the past, one in the present --a delightful 21 stance that allows you to have an espresso28 in a square designed by Bernini, then take the Metro 22 back to your hotel room in a renovated 23 Renaissance palace.
“When you first come here you assume that you must burrow 2429about in ruins and prowl30 in museums to get back to the days of Numa Pompilius31 or Mark Antony,” Maud Howe observes in her book Roma Beata. “It is not necessary; you only have to live, and the common happenings of daily life -- yes, even the trolley 25 car and your bicycle -- carry you back in turn to the Dark Ages, to the early Christians 26, even to prehistoric 27 Rome.”
注释：
2. Charlemagne [5FB:lE5mein] 查理曼（742?～814，即查理大帝，法兰克国王[768～814]、查理帝国皇帝 [800～814，称查理一世]，扩展疆土，建成庞大帝国，加强集权统治，鼓励学术，兴建文化设施，使其宫廷成为繁荣学术的中心）
3. dodge [dCdV] vt. 闪身躲开，躲避
4. Vespa [vespE] n. 黄蜂牌小型摩托车（一种意大利制低座摩托车）
5. baroque [bE5rEuk] a. 巴罗克风格的，（建筑、艺术品）多装饰曲线以追求动势与起伏的，以铺张浮华为特色的
6. palazzo [pE5lB:tsEJ] n. [意] 宫殿，大厦
7. obelisk [5Cbilisk] n. [建] 方尖塔，方尖碑，方形碑状物
8. nexus [5neksEs]n. 交叉点，中心，连结
9. edifice 6 [5edifis] n.（巨大而雄伟的）建筑物，大厦
11. parapet [5pArEpit] n. [建]（屋顶、桥梁、露台等边上的）低矮挡墙
12. ornate [C:5neit] a. 装饰华丽的
13. allegorical [7Ali5CrikEl] a. 寓言里的
14. extravagant [iks5trAvE^Ent] a. 茂盛的，丰饶的
15. piazza [pi5AtsE] n.（尤指意大利等城市中的）广场
16. trove [trEuv] n.（珍贵的）收藏品
17. bustle 16 [5bQsl] vi. 闹哄哄地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙
18. medieval [7medi5i:vEl] a. 中世纪的，中古（时代）的
19. the Renaissance [rE5neisEns] n.（欧洲14～16世纪的）文艺复兴，文艺复兴时期
20. Vandal [5vAndEl] n. 汪达尔人（日尔曼民族的一支，公元4～5世纪时进入高卢、西班牙和北非，并于公元455年攻占罗马）
21. pope [pu:p] n.（天主教）教皇，罗马主教
22. Borgia the ~ s 博尔吉亚家族（定居意大利的西班牙世袭贵族一家族，在15~16世纪出过两个教皇和许多政治及宗教领袖）
23. Bernini 贝尔尼尼（1598～1680，意大利建筑家、雕塑家和画家，巴罗克艺术风格的代表人物）
24. mausoleum [mR:sE5liEm] n. 陵墓
25. Augustus [C:5^QstEs] 奥古斯都（63BC～14AD，罗马帝国第一代皇帝[27BC～14AD]，恺撒的继承人，在位时扩充版图，改革政治，奖励文化艺术；原名屋大维，元老院奉以“奥古斯都”的称号）
26. Raphaelesque [7rAfeiE5lesk] a.（意大利文艺复兴盛期画家）拉斐尔风格的
27. madonna [mE5dCnE] n. 圣母马利亚的画像（或雕像）
28. espresso [5espresEu] n. 浓咖啡
29. burrow [5bQrEu ] vi. 深入搜寻
30. prowl [praul] vi.（仔细地）搜寻
31. Numa Pompilius 努马·庞皮利乌斯（活动时期约700BC前后，传说古代罗马七王相继执政的王政时代的第二代国王 [715～673]，曾创立宗教历法和制订各种宗教制度）
罗马
罗马，暴君尼禄曾在这里拉小提琴，马克·安东尼曾在这里歌颂恺撒大帝，查理曼曾在这里加冕。今天你可以沿着他们的足迹，从米开朗琪罗的杰作旁徐行而过，在墨索里尼的阴影下品尝咖啡，闪身躲过从巴罗克式宫殿和埃及方尖塔旁飞驰而过的小摩托车。历史的岁月都留存在这座永恒之城中。
不论你怎么进入罗马城，你都能发觉自己正通往一个巨大的交通枢纽，真所谓“条条大路通罗马”。进入市区，你期望中的高大的建筑、雕像和画就出现在面前：桥梁的低矮挡墙上排列着历史英雄人物的塑像；高大而华丽的大理石块上雕刻着千姿百态的寓言故事主人公；广场和方形尖塔荫庇在松树林之下；巨大的石砌圆形剧场比想像中的更大，你怀着敬畏发现这就是著名的古罗马圆型剧场。
罗马是意大利的宝库，它胜过佛罗伦萨，也胜过威尼斯。这里到处都是两千多年来艺术成就的杰作——罗马共和国曾在这里的罗马论坛忙忙碌碌；几个世纪以后，米开朗琪罗·博纳罗蒂在西斯廷教堂天花板上绘画；在现代，费代里科·费利尼在电影城摄影棚里拍摄了《甜蜜的生活》（又译《露滴牡丹开》）和《八又二分之一》（又译《八部半》）。
罗马2700年的历史画卷随着你的每一步在展开，古罗马与中世纪相交错，现代与文艺复兴相碰撞，其结果是，罗马城更像一个露天博物馆，一座以自身的辉煌为荣耀的城市，其本身就是一座自己的丰碑。古罗马人、汪达尔人、教皇、博尔吉亚家族、米开朗琪罗、贝尔尼尼、拿破仑及墨索里尼都在这座城市留下了物质、文化和精神的印迹。
今天，罗马人民在维护那些令人赞叹的罗马历史遗产。学生们在曾是奥古斯都皇帝家庭陵园的公园里遛狗；拉斐尔风格的圣母像矗立在繁华的市区的角落，仿佛在那儿排队等公共汽车；身着飘逸长袍的牧师打着手机穿过中世纪的广场。现代的罗马，一只脚踩在过去，另一只脚踩在现代——这种令人愉快的姿态让你能在贝尔尼尼设计的广场上品味香浓的咖啡，然后乘地铁回到由文艺复兴时期的宫殿翻修而成的旅馆房间。
“初到罗马，你以为必须到废墟中挖掘和在博物馆中搜寻，才能追溯到努马·庞皮利乌斯或者马克·安东尼的时代，”莫德·豪在她的著作《罗马女性》中写道，“其实不必，只需在那儿生活,日常生活中的普通事情，甚至有轨电车和自行车就能先后把你带回到中世纪、早期基督教时期，甚至史前罗马。”
- She plays the fiddle well.她小提琴拉得好。
- Don't fiddle with the typewriter.不要摆弄那架打字机了。
- She took a sip of the cocktail.她啜饮一口鸡尾酒。
- Elizabeth took a sip of the hot coffee.伊丽莎白呷了一口热咖啡。
- A dodge behind a tree kept her from being run over.她向树后一闪，才没被车从身上辗过。
- The dodge was coopered by the police.诡计被警察粉碎了。
- The obelisk was built in memory of those who died for their country.这座方尖塔是为了纪念那些为祖国献身的人而建造的。
- Far away on the last spur,there was a glittering obelisk.远处，在最后一个山峦上闪烁着一个方尖塔。
- Shared ambition is the vital nexus between them.共同的志向是把他们联结在一起的重要纽带。
- Either way,the nexus between the consumer and consumer prices is important.无论那个方面，消费者与消费价格之间的关系是至关重要的。
- The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。
- There is a huge Victorian edifice in the area.该地区有一幢维多利亚式的庞大建筑物。
- They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
- Click on this icon to align or justify text.点击这个图标使文本排齐。
- They tried to please him with fulsome compliments and extravagant gifts.他们想用溢美之词和奢华的礼品来取悦他。
- He is extravagant in behaviour.他行为放肆。
- Siena's main piazza was one of the sights of Italy.锡耶纳的主要广场是意大利的名胜之一。
- They walked out of the cafeteria,and across the piazzadj.他们走出自助餐厅,穿过广场。
- She entered the political arena at the age of 25. 她25岁进入政界。
- He had not an adequate arena for the exercise of his talents.他没有充分发挥其才能的场所。
- The sight filled us with awe.这景色使我们大为惊叹。
- The approaching tornado struck awe in our hearts.正在逼近的龙卷风使我们惊恐万分。
- For the first week he never actually saw the fabled Jack. 第一周他实际上从没见到传说中的杰克。
- Aphrodite, the Greek goddness of love, is fabled to have been born of the foam of the sea. 希腊爱神阿美罗狄蒂据说是诞生于海浪泡沫之中。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He assembled a rich trove of Chinese porcelain.他收集了一批中国瓷器。
- The gallery is a treasure trove of medieval art.这个画廊是中世纪艺术的宝库。
- For two millennia, exogamy was a major transgression for Jews. 两千年来，异族通婚一直是犹太人的一大禁忌。
- In the course of millennia, the dinosaurs died out. 在几千年的时间里，恐龙逐渐死绝了。
- The picture on this screen is a good artistic work.这屏风上的画是件很好的艺术品。
- These artistic handicrafts are very popular with foreign friends.外国朋友很喜欢这些美术工艺品。
- The bustle and din gradually faded to silence as night advanced.随着夜越来越深，喧闹声逐渐沉寂。
- There is a lot of hustle and bustle in the railway station.火车站里非常拥挤。
- They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
- The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
- The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
- She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午，她在小教堂的演出，可以说是登峰造极。
- The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
- The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。
- They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
- He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。
- We had a delightful time by the seashore last Sunday.上星期天我们在海滨玩得真痛快。
- Peter played a delightful melody on his flute.彼得用笛子吹奏了一支欢快的曲子。
- Can you reach the park by metro?你可以乘地铁到达那个公园吗？
- The metro flood gate system is a disaster prevention equipment.地铁防淹门系统是一种防灾设备。
- He renovated his house. 他翻修了房子。
- The house has been renovated three years earlier. 这所房子三年前就已翻新。
- Earthworms burrow deep into the subsoil.蚯蚓深深地钻进底土。
- The dog had chased a rabbit into its burrow.狗把兔子追进了洞穴。
- The waiter had brought the sweet trolley.侍者已经推来了甜食推车。
- In a library,books are moved on a trolley.在图书馆，书籍是放在台车上搬动的。
- Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
- His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
- They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
- It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。