时间:2018-12-30 作者:英语课 分类:词汇大师(Wordmaster)


英语课

  AA: I'm Avi Arditti with Rosanne Skirble, and this week on WORDMASTER: we discuss a local dialect spoken in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the host city for this week's Group of 20 economic summit. That's Rosanne's hometown, and she went back in 2000 to tell us about Pittsburghese.

MUSIC: "The Pennsylvania Polka" / Lawrence Welk

RS: I didn't realize it growing up, but I spoke 1 a dialect of American English called Pittsburghese. Of course, we didn't call it that. It's just the way we talked in Pittsburgh, and everyone understood one another.

When I left Pittsburgh for college and work, I adapted to my surroundings and sounded, well, let's just say "less Pittsburgh." Only on visits to my hometown would I slip into the familiar dialect. Once again I'd call rubber bands "gum bands" and thinly sliced ham "chipped-chopped ham."

So, you can imagine my delight when I learned that the words and phrases that I had spoken as a child were alive and well and living in cyberspace 2 at www.pittsburgese.com.

Alan Freed and a co-worker in Pittsburgh created the site to attract new customers to their Web design business. When we met in his basement office on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh, he told me that the site has become a meeting place for people like me, lonely for Pittsburgh.

ALAN FREED: "It gets about 100,000 hits a month. I'd say most of the attention that the site gets is from people who have moved out of the city that are longing 3 for stuff from their hometown."

RS: "You are now on to the Pittsburghese Web site, and you've just clicked onto 'nouns.'

ALAN FREED: "I clicked on to nouns. That's actually our biggest section that people have contributed the most words to, so I thought we'd go there and take a look at some of the submissions 4. Let's just see what comes up here. I see on the screen right in front of us, 'jaggers.' Jaggers is something that means thorns like if you have a rose and you have thorns, those are jaggers, they're not thorns."

RS: "Do you have a favorite phrase or expression?"

ALAN FREED: "How are yinz doin and at?' is one of my favorites because it would blow away anyone who was from out of town."

RS: "Can we translate that?"

ALAN FREED: "How are you?"

The "How yinz doin?" greeting baffled University of Pittsburgh linguist 5 Paul Toth when he moved to Pittsburgh from Rochester, New York ten years ago. After a while, he says, he began to see patterns in the way people from Pittsburgh talk.

PAUL TOTH: "The Southern dialects are famous for 'you all' or 'y'all' and in Pittsburghese we have 'yinz.' That comes from saying 'you ones' and blending that together to 'yinz.'"

Also, I discovered from Paul Toth that people in Pittsburgh swallow the 'th' at the beginning of a word.

PAUL TOTH: "That th is gone. So, it's gone just like iss and just like at."

RS: "Meaning?"

PAUL TOTH: "Like this and like that. And they also say 'and at' as sort of a connector at the end of a sentence. 'Yinz guys going down the Steelers game and at?' 'And at' is 'and that," and the th is gone from the beginning of that."

Another common Pittsburgh sound is how words like doing and going are pronounced.

PAUL TOTH: "The vowel 6 would be 'ue' They're sort of pronounced 'ue-en', Like 'How you doin'? This is what you hear people say when they're greeting you. 'How you doin'?' 'Where you goin'?' instead of 'Where are you going?' So they are really merged 7 together as a similar vowel."

RS: "I guess moving away from Pittsburgh I really changed to a more standard English vocabulary, and I didn't even realize that growing up I had a grammatical problem. Things like, 'That shirt needs washed.'"

PAUL TOTH: "That's the one thing I can identify as a grammatical difference. And in standard English you would say 'The shirt needs to be washed.' And in Pittsburghese they have extended that pattern from the present participle 'needs washing' to the past participle as well and they say 'needs washed.'"

RS: Whether or not you can learn Pittsburghese in a day as Alan Freed claims, you will can get an entertaining start at the www.pittsburghese.com Web site.

MUSIC: "THE PITTSBURGH STEELERS FIGHT SONG" / Jimmy Pol

AA: And that was a segment from November of 2000. You can read and listen to WORDMASTER online at voanews.com/wordmaster -- where you can also get our new podcast. And that's WORDMASTER for this week. With Rosanne Skirble, I'm Avi Arditti.AA: I'm Avi Arditti with Rosanne Skirble, and this week on WORDMASTER: we discuss a local dialect spoken in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the host city for this week's Group of 20 economic summit. That's Rosanne's hometown, and she went back in 2000 to tell us about Pittsburghese.

MUSIC: "The Pennsylvania Polka" / Lawrence Welk

RS: I didn't realize it growing up, but I spoke a dialect of American English called Pittsburghese. Of course, we didn't call it that. It's just the way we talked in Pittsburgh, and everyone understood one another.

When I left Pittsburgh for college and work, I adapted to my surroundings and sounded, well, let's just say "less Pittsburgh." Only on visits to my hometown would I slip into the familiar dialect. Once again I'd call rubber bands "gum bands" and thinly sliced ham "chipped-chopped ham."

So, you can imagine my delight when I learned that the words and phrases that I had spoken as a child were alive and well and living in cyberspace at www.pittsburgese.com.

Alan Freed and a co-worker in Pittsburgh created the site to attract new customers to their Web design business. When we met in his basement office on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh, he told me that the site has become a meeting place for people like me, lonely for Pittsburgh.

ALAN FREED: "It gets about 100,000 hits a month. I'd say most of the attention that the site gets is from people who have moved out of the city that are longing for stuff from their hometown."

RS: "You are now on to the Pittsburghese Web site, and you've just clicked onto 'nouns.'

ALAN FREED: "I clicked on to nouns. That's actually our biggest section that people have contributed the most words to, so I thought we'd go there and take a look at some of the submissions. Let's just see what comes up here. I see on the screen right in front of us, 'jaggers.' Jaggers is something that means thorns like if you have a rose and you have thorns, those are jaggers, they're not thorns."

RS: "Do you have a favorite phrase or expression?"

ALAN FREED: "How are yinz doin and at?' is one of my favorites because it would blow away anyone who was from out of town."

RS: "Can we translate that?"

ALAN FREED: "How are you?"

The "How yinz doin?" greeting baffled University of Pittsburgh linguist Paul Toth when he moved to Pittsburgh from Rochester, New York ten years ago. After a while, he says, he began to see patterns in the way people from Pittsburgh talk.

PAUL TOTH: "The Southern dialects are famous for 'you all' or 'y'all' and in Pittsburghese we have 'yinz.' That comes from saying 'you ones' and blending that together to 'yinz.'"

Also, I discovered from Paul Toth that people in Pittsburgh swallow the 'th' at the beginning of a word.

PAUL TOTH: "That th is gone. So, it's gone just like iss and just like at."

RS: "Meaning?"

PAUL TOTH: "Like this and like that. And they also say 'and at' as sort of a connector at the end of a sentence. 'Yinz guys going down the Steelers game and at?' 'And at' is 'and that," and the th is gone from the beginning of that."

Another common Pittsburgh sound is how words like doing and going are pronounced.

PAUL TOTH: "The vowel would be 'ue' They're sort of pronounced 'ue-en', Like 'How you doin'? This is what you hear people say when they're greeting you. 'How you doin'?' 'Where you goin'?' instead of 'Where are you going?' So they are really merged together as a similar vowel."

RS: "I guess moving away from Pittsburgh I really changed to a more standard English vocabulary, and I didn't even realize that growing up I had a grammatical problem. Things like, 'That shirt needs washed.'"

PAUL TOTH: "That's the one thing I can identify as a grammatical difference. And in standard English you would say 'The shirt needs to be washed.' And in Pittsburghese they have extended that pattern from the present participle 'needs washing' to the past participle as well and they say 'needs washed.'"

RS: Whether or not you can learn Pittsburghese in a day as Alan Freed claims, you will can get an entertaining start at the www.pittsburghese.com Web site.

MUSIC: "THE PITTSBURGH STEELERS FIGHT SONG" / Jimmy Pol

AA: And that was a segment from November of 2000. You can read and listen to WORDMASTER online at voanews.com/wordmaster -- where you can also get our new podcast. And that's WORDMASTER for this week. With Rosanne Skirble, I'm Avi Arditti.



n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
n.虚拟信息空间,网络空间,计算机化世界
  • She travels in cyberspace by sending messages to friends around the world.她利用电子空间给世界各地的朋友们发送信件。
  • The teens spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.青少年花费在电脑上的时间比他们和真正的朋友及家人在一起的时间要多。
n.(for)渴望
  • Hearing the tune again sent waves of longing through her.再次听到那首曲子使她胸中充满了渴望。
  • His heart burned with longing for revenge.他心中燃烧着急欲复仇的怒火。
n.提交( submission的名词复数 );屈从;归顺;向法官或陪审团提出的意见或论据
  • The deadline for submissions to the competition will be Easter 1994. 递交参赛申请的截止时间为1994年的复活节。 来自辞典例句
  • Section 556(d) allows the agency to substitute written submissions for oral direct testimony in rulemaking. 第五百五十六条第(四)款准允行政机关在规则制定中用书面提交材料替代口头的直接证言。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
n.语言学家;精通数种外国语言者
  • I used to be a linguist till I become a writer.过去我是个语言学家,后来成了作家。
  • Professor Cui has a high reputation as a linguist.崔教授作为语言学家名声很高。
n.元音;元音字母
  • A long vowel is a long sound as in the word"shoe ".长元音即如“shoe” 一词中的长音。
  • The vowel in words like 'my' and 'thigh' is not very difficult.单词my和thigh中的元音并不难发。
(使)混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 ); 相融; 融入; 渐渐消失在某物中
  • Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
  • The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。
学英语单词
accola
agrarianizes
aircured
Alexandroff compactification
anantherate
anti-isomorphic algebra
aplastic anaemias
appropriate public authority
atopic dermatitis
bates's feed
benignant
binitarianism
blocker bet
blue-speakers
border effect
buncher of particles
cam block
carmovirus carnation mottle virus
cavenger jig
cephalophragma
class character
coercive isomorphism
comprehensive case
database diagnostics
decade box
declaringly
deodand
dog tied up
dummy treatment
eventualist
expansion-ring
F-actinF
filtration underground
frothed latex
fuzzy production system
Fëdora I Aleksandra, Ostrova
hansen-woodyard end-fire linear array
heatabsorbent surface
incrementor
integrated services network
intensity grid
korbonski
laicity
laser fusion experimental device
leaded zinc
leapfroging
lumber-rooms
Lyon King of Arms
magnetic belt
marakkanam (merkanam)
Microula forrestii
mining area communication
mohorita
munchable
nitroaromatics
No rose without a thorn
no-load jet
number-theoretical method
olsens
PCOP
pen culture
physical geomorphology
phytocoenoecology
pin-fire
potter oscillator
preferential attack
present speed
produ wood
promotion
protonatable
pump noise monitor
puppily
Qinling Mountains
raisining
red deadnettle
reduced form disturbance
register,arithmetic and logic unit
release connection
retroactive inference
rich-bound
salahaddin
salicylic acid filter
shamas
simulated interview
skeleton key
slattings
SSL certificate
St Mary Pk.
steam gauge stand
stockroom
sulisobenzone
tangerine trees
Teviot
Therems
throw yourself at sb
tongue and groove labyrinth
trigonum dorsale
triphenyl tetrazolium chloride method
turbo-alternators
ungallantry
universal rolling mill
wet dust extraction