时间:2018-12-28 作者:英语课 分类:美国精神


英语课
Explanation:  
    If you want to start a business, maybe by opening a restaurant or a clothing store, the United States is a good place to do it.  This is because the U.S. has a capitalist, or market, economy, making it acceptable 1 and fairly easy for private entities 2 (or individuals and businesses that are not owned by the government) to buy, sell, and trade things for money without government interference 3 (or involvement by the government). In the U.S., the government doesn’t decide how much things should cost or how much of something should be produced (or made). Instead, prices and production are decided 4 based on a system called supply and demand, which refers to how much of a thing exists and how many people want to have that thing. How do we know how much supply and demand there is for a product?  There are two important factors. The first is profit (or money a business gets by selling something), and the second is self-interest, which is when a person makes decisions based on what is best for him or herself, without paying attention to what is best for other people. 
 
    A man named Adam Smith is considered the father of American capitalism 5. He wrote about his ideas in a famous book called The Wealth of Nations. He believed that a capitalist system is run by an invisible 6 hand. The invisible hand is the idea that there is no need for government interference in the economy because the self-interest of individuals will serve the greater good (or the maximum benefits for everyone in society).  
 
    To understand this idea, imagine that a store near your home sells a piece of candy for $20. You think that this price is too high, but it is the only place to buy candy, so if you want candy, you have to pay the $20. However, if the store across the street begins selling the same piece of candy for $1, you will act in your own self-interest and buy the less expensive candy. The more expensive store will be forced to lower its candy prices to compete with the cheaper store, or else it won’t sell any candy and won’t make any profit. In this situation, everyone involved has acted out of self-interest, and the final result is a lower price for candy.  The lower prices will serve the greater good of everyone in the neighborhood, because everyone can buy more candy. This is the basic principle (or explanation) behind the invisible hand and the United States’ market economy. 
 
问题:

What is the economic system in the United States? 
Answer:  
•  Capitalist economy 
•  Market economy 


1 acceptable
adj.可接受的,合意的,受欢迎的
  • The terms of the contract are acceptable to us.我们认为这个合同的条件可以接受。
  • Air pollution in the city had reached four times the acceptable levels.这座城市的空气污染程度曾高达可接受标准的四倍。
2 entities
实体对像; 实体,独立存在体,实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )
  • Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
  • The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。
3 interference
n.干涉,介入;阻碍,干扰
  • I couldn't hear the program because there was too much interference.因干扰太大,我听不清节目。
  • We oppose interference by any outside force.我们反对任何外来势力插手干预。
4 decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
5 capitalism
n.资本主义
  • The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。
  • Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。
6 invisible
adj.看不见的,无形的
  • The air is full of millions of invisible germs.空气中充满了许多看不见的细菌。
  • Many stars are invisible without a telescope.许多星辰不用望远镜便看不见。
学英语单词
a'cockbill
A.F.C
active sleep
alveololabial groove
assinuate
balloonry
beagled
bitter almond camphor
BLUS resifual vector
carpetbagging
case bay part
Chelidonium majus
clean cutting
Colbeckite
Confederate flag
copped tanke
crude test
cruzen i.
depressure tank
Dianthus sinensis L.
directional intermolecular force
down-faulting
duosecant
duration units
earn a good reputation
ex-dividend stock
fatuousnesses
ferryer
floorspace
foreign-exchange dealer
future commission merchant
galvanometer
Gangean
genus Uma
gone poof
half-neighbo(u)rhood
harbor craft
hawse-pipe
heat-resistant coating
helitankers
hoarhead
hyperinsulinemic obesity
instruction-based architecture
intussusceptive growth
lacinia falcata
ladening
leariest
limiter amplifier
lyeth
marchment
merry-go-round machine
microsaccades
microwave acoustics
mildew-retarding agent
missionise
Mitha Singh
molecular heat conduction
morality of law
mystinus
neocerebellar agenesis
no-load field voltage
nuclear power generation
oonin
pentastomiasis
photoerythema
pick-and-mix
pinch for
plywood ceiling
poison parsley
polynomial hazard function models
pop hole
Population-weighted
postflood
practicing
prognathometer
ricers
rippling edit
rober'
s's
Santorini's caruncula major
senior reactor operator
separating yarn
shock incarceration
shunting yard
slaw
small-denomination
starting air distributor
symploce furcata
tape speed
taxloss
Tellerette packing
temporary import
time per piece
to put to use
treib
unlabeled statement
vaginal hysterotomy
valvulae fossae navicularis
vertical photograph
wet process of parting
white gum
X-ray Luminosity of cluster of galaxies