走遍全世界47: 美国革命
时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:英语听力小短文走遍全世界
The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical 1 or total change.
美国革命其实并不算是一场革命,因为它并未导致完全的和彻底的变化。
It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations.
这次革命并不是对政治和社会框架的一次突然和猛烈的颠覆——像后来在已经是独立国家的法国和俄国所爆发的革命那样。
Significant changes were ushered 2 in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright 3 revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated 4 communities scarcely knew that a war was on.
革命带来了重大的变化,但并非翻天覆地,所发生的只是进化的加速,而不是一场彻底的革命;在冲突期间,人们仍然上班、做礼拜、结婚、玩耍。多数人并没有受到实际战斗的严重影响。在许多较闭塞的社区对这场战争几乎一无所知。
America's War of Independence heralded 6 the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx 7 of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal 8 colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors 9. The third newcomer-the United States-based itself squarely on republican principles. Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose.
美国独立战争宣布了三个现代国家的诞生,其中一个是加拿大。加拿大的第一大批讲英语的流入人口来自于成千上万英王的效忠者,这些人从美国逃到了加拿大。另一个国家是澳大利亚,因为美国不再是容纳罪犯和欠债者的国度了,澳大利亚就变成了一个惩治罪犯的殖民地(注:独立战争前,英国政府将罪犯流放到美国)。第三个国家就是美国,它完全建立在共和原则基础上。即使政治上的颠覆也不如人们可能想象的那样具有革命性。
In some states, notably 10 Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified 11 a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted 12, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly 13 sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.
在一些州,特别是康涅狄格和罗德岛,战争基本上只是承认了已经存在的殖民地的自治。四处被驱逐的英国官员都被本土的统治阶级所替代,这个统治阶级迅速地以地方权力机关的形式来替代国王和议会。
英语词汇整理:
1. radical adj. 激进的,彻底的,基本的 n. 激进分子
eg: The country needs a period of calm without more surges of radical change.
这个国家需要一段平静的时期,不再有重大变化所引发的动荡。
短语:
free radical [化]自由基;游离基
sulfate radical 硫酸根
radical operation 根治手术
2. accelerate v. (使)加快,(使)增速
eg: Growth will accelerate to 2.9 percent next year.
增长明年将加快到2.9%。
词语用法:
accelerate的意思是“(使)加快; (使)加速”,可指(使)某事比预期的更快或更早发生,也可指(使)车辆或人加快速度。可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,其宾语可以是具体名词,也可以是抽象名词,可用于被动结构。
3. disturb vt. 打扰,妨碍;使不安,使烦恼;弄乱
eg: I am sorry to disturb you.
很抱歉我妨碍到你了。
短语:
disturb in one's sleep 打扰某人睡眠
disturb with 用……搅动
disturb about 对……感到担忧
disturb at work 打扰某人工作
4. scarcely adv. 几乎不,简直不,刚刚,决不
eg: I can scarcely hear.
我几乎什么也听不见。
短语:
scarcely any 几乎没有
scarcely ever 几乎从不,极少
scarcely less 简直一样(简直相等)……
5. herald 5 vt. 预示……的来临;宣布,欢呼 n. 信使;预兆
eg: One falling leaf heralds 14 the coming of autumn.
一片落叶预示着秋天的来临。
The returning of the swallows are the heralds of the spring.
燕子归来预示着春天的来临。
短语:
international herald tribune 国际前锋论坛报
sydney morning herald 悉尼先驱晨报
6. loyalist n. (对统治者)效忠者
eg: Party loyalists responded as they always do, waving flags and carrying placards.
党的忠诚支持者们一如既往地以挥舞旗帜和高举海报作为回应。
短语:
loyalist force 效忠派
Loyalist College 皇家学院;皇家理工学院
7. squarely adv. 成方形地,成直角地,直接地,坚定地
eg: The responsibility lies squarely with them.
责任直接在于他们。
短语:
hit squarely 命中,击中
8. revolutionary adj. 革命的 n.革命者
eg: A revolutionary's life used to be beset 15 with dangers and hardships.
一个革命者的生活中往往充满危险和艰难。
短语:
revolutionary leader 革命领袖
revolutionary committee 革命委员会
9. ratify 16 vt. 正式批准,使正式生效
eg: The parliaments of Australia and Indonesia have yet to ratify the treaty.
澳大利亚和印度尼西亚议会还未批准该条约。
短语:
ratify anaccord 签署协议
ratify the arrest 批准逮捕
ratify and admire 认可与赞美
10. substitute n. 代用品,代替者 v. 代替,代以(for);替代
eg: Water is not a proper substitute for wine.
水不是酒的适当代用品。
短语:
substitute for 用……代替……,(使)代替……
substitute as 代替为……
substitute by/with 用……代替……
佳句采摘:
It was not a sudden violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations.
这次革命并不是对政治和社会框架的一次突然和猛烈的颠覆——像后来在已经是独立国家的法国和俄国所爆发的革命那样。
- The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
- She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
- The secretary ushered me into his office. 秘书把我领进他的办公室。
- A round of parties ushered in the New Year. 一系列的晚会迎来了新年。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- If you have a complaint you should tell me outright.如果你有不满意的事,你应该直率地对我说。
- You should persuade her to marry you outright.你应该彻底劝服她嫁给你。
- His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
- Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
- In England, the cuckoo is the herald of spring.在英国杜鹃鸟是报春的使者。
- Dawn is the herald of day.曙光是白昼的先驱。
- The singing of the birds heralded in the day. 鸟鸣报晓。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- A fanfare of trumpets heralded the arrival of the King. 嘹亮的小号声宣告了国王驾到。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
- Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施,因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。
- I hope you're familiar with penal code.我希望你们熟悉本州法律规则。
- He underwent nineteen years of penal servitude for theft.他因犯了大窃案受过十九年的苦刑。
- Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Never in a debtors' prison? 从没有因债务坐过牢么? 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
- Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席,特别是连班长也没来。
- A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小,一头银发,每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。
- The treaty was declared invalid because it had not been ratified. 条约没有得到批准,因此被宣布无效。
- The treaty was ratified by all the member states. 这个条约得到了所有成员国的批准。
- He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
- He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。
- He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
- She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。
- The song of birds heralds the approach of spring. 百鸟齐鸣报春到。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
- The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountain. 山雨欲来风满楼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》