时间:2018-12-19 作者:英语课 分类:环球英语 Spotlight


英语课

   Voice 1


 
  Welcome to Spotlight 1. I’m Joshua Leo.
 
  Voice 2
 
  And I’m Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
 
  Voice 3
 
  “I was watching a butterfly the other day, and I could not stop watching this beautiful flying insect with its colorful wings. I enjoy watching the activities of many insects and animals. But I wondered why I found this butterfly so interesting. Then I understood. It was because I had not seen a butterfly for months.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  These are the words of Michael Bloch. Michael is a blogger in Australia. On his internet blog, Green Living Tips, he writes about living in a way that is good for the earth. He writes about what he sees in nature. And in 2007, he wrote about how he was seeing fewer and fewer butterflies.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Michael is not the only one who has noticed that butterflies are disappearing. Experts around the world have noticed too. Over the past 50 years, the number of butterflies worldwide has been decreasing. On today’s Spotlight we look at one particular butterfly - the Monarch 2. We look at some of the reasons why there are fewer of these butterflies. And we look at some solutions for this problem.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Like many butterflies, Monarch butterflies are beautiful. The Monarch’s wings are bright orange and black. The black edges of their wings also have small white marks. The Monarch is usually about nine to ten centimeters wide.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Monarch butterflies live in many places around the world. But the largest number of Monarchs 3 live in North America. And the Monarchs of North America are famous for a long journey they travel every year. Each autumn, millions of Monarchs leave the places they were born. Together, they leave the United States and Canada.  They fly thousands of kilometers south to Mexico.  They do this to escape the cold winter months. This is the yearly Monarch migration 4. In the spring they travel the other direction - from Mexico to the United States and Canada. Then they mate and reproduce 5.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Ernest H. Williams and Dr. Chip Taylor have studied the Monarch migration for many years. Williams teaches biology at Hamilton College. Dr. Taylor studies insects at the University of Kansas and leads a group called Monarch Watch. Recently, they were part of a group of scientists that released a new study.
 
  Voice 2
 
  This study looked at the Monarch migration. It measured the number of butterflies that reached Mexico every year for almost 20 years.  Scientists cannot count every butterfly. Instead, they look at how much land the group of butterflies uses to rest on. Then they estimate the number of butterflies.  The scientists found that the group of Monarchs in Mexico covers less land than before. In fact, the amount of Monarchs spending the winter in Central Mexico is at the lowest level in 17 years.
 
  Voice 1
 
  But why are Monarch butterflies disappearing? The study suggests a few reasons. One reason is the loss of their natural resting place. Migrating 6 Monarchs all gather on the same mountains every year. There are only 12 of these mountains. Here, millions of butterflies hang together on the trees. They cover every centimeter of the trees. The Monarchs rest here for the winter. Mexican authorities have tried to protect these natural forest areas. But, people enter illegally. They cut down the trees. Experts believe this may be a major reason there are fewer Monarchs.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Experts believe that people are also killing 7 the Monarch’s living spaces in the United States and Canada. Milkweed plants are very important throughout the life of the Monarch butterfly. Female butterflies lay their eggs on milkweed plants. When the eggs open, the young caterpillars 8 eat the milkweed leaves.  After the caterpillars change into butterflies, the adult butterflies feed on the flowers of the milkweed plant.
 
  Voice 1
 
  But in the last 20 years, milkweed in the United States and Canada has greatly decreased. There may not be enough milkweed for the Monarchs to use. One way people destroy milkweed is through land development. People destroy many natural places in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. They turn these natural spaces into houses, stores, and roads.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Milkweed is also disappearing from farms. Farmers usually try to get rid of weeds - plants they do not want. This includes milkweed. In the past, there has still been enough milkweed for butterflies to use. But recently, farmers have been using stronger ways of controlling weeds.
 
  Voice 1
 
  They use a weed killer 9 called Roundup. It is made of strong chemicals that kill weeds. The makers 10 of Roundup also produce seeds. These seeds are genetically 11 modified - their genes 12 are different from normal crops. Farmers can plant these special crops, and then spread Roundup on them. The Roundup does not kill the crops. But it kills every weed. Along with the other weeds, Roundup kills milkweed. The study suggests that the use of genetically modified crops may be one cause of the lack of milkweed.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Robert G. Hartzler studies how people use science and technology to produce food. In a recent study, he looked at the amount of milkweed plants on farms in the states in the middle of the US. He looked at ten years worth of information - from 1999 to 2009. He found that during this time, the amount of milkweed plants on farms in the state of Iowa decreased by 90%! But this is not just a problem in Iowa. Dr Taylor told the New York Times:
 
  Voice 4
 
  “This milkweed has disappeared from at least 400,000 square kilometers of these row crops like soybeans and corn. The milkweed is basically gone.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  Many butterfly experts believe people must continue working to save Monarch butterflies. The group Monarch Watch works to stop the decrease of Monarchs. They suggest that people living near Monarch paths can do one very easy thing. They can plant milkweed wherever they can. Dr Taylor says that Monarch butterflies need all the help they can get. He told the Kansas City Star newspaper:
 
  Voice 4
 
  “Monarch Watch is a program with no end in sight. If we are going to save this butterfly migration, we need to have a lot of people helping 13 us.”
 
  Voice 2
 
  This is true for saving butterflies all around the world. There are organizations, like Monarch Watch, that work to increase the butterfly population in many parts of the world. Are you interested in increasing the butterfly population in your area? You can find links to these international organizations on the script page of this program.  Maybe you can help save the butterflies in your area!
 
  Voice 1
 
  The writer and producer of this program was Liz Waid. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can find our programs on the Internet at w w w radioenglish dot net. This program is called ‘Save The Butterflies’. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.

1 spotlight
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 monarch
n.帝王,君主,最高统治者
  • The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。
  • I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。
3 monarchs
君主,帝王( monarch的名词复数 )
  • Monarchs ruled England for centuries. 世袭君主统治英格兰有许多世纪。
  • Serving six monarchs of his native Great Britain, he has served all men's freedom and dignity. 他在大不列颠本国为六位君王服务,也为全人类的自由和尊严服务。 来自演讲部分
4 migration
n.迁移,移居,(鸟类等的)迁徙
  • Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
  • He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。
5 reproduce
v.生育,繁殖,复制,重做
  • The machine can reproduce a key in two minutes.这机器能在两分钟内复制一把钥匙。
  • The picture will reproduce well.这照片会印得很清楚。
6 migrating
v.迁移,移往( migrate的现在分词 )
  • The mudflats offer a winter home to thousands of migrating swans. 泥滩成为成千上万只迁徙的天鹅越冬的场所。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Many Asians are migrating to the West. 许多亚洲人移民去了西方国家。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 killing
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
8 caterpillars
n.毛虫( caterpillar的名词复数 );履带
  • Caterpillars eat the young leaves of this plant. 毛毛虫吃这种植物的嫩叶。
  • Caterpillars change into butterflies or moths. 毛虫能变成蝴蝶或蛾子。 来自辞典例句
9 killer
n.杀人者,杀人犯,杀手,屠杀者
  • Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
  • The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
10 makers
n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式)
  • The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
  • The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
11 genetically
adv.遗传上
  • All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
  • Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物
12 genes
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
13 helping
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
学英语单词
activized
adapter bearing
adaptive distributed minimal spanning tree algorithm
akoka
alimentary lipemia
amnioss
anilidic
anxiety-ridden
associationism
austrian airlines
back labors
Bad Schallerbach
beginner
biomethanation
blanket gas analysis
borrowest
bulgren
cat (children's apperception test)
clk.
cock-and-pie
comprime
crash out
cross-country flight
crystal clathrate
derivative rights
dirty poll
Do as you're bidden and you'll never bear blame.
down-draft manifold
dressed to the nines
El Salado, R.
elastic limit in shear
Elatostema subcuspidatum
elbe (labe)
electrical anemometer
equitative
feedthrough capacitor
fertilizer-distributor
field ampere-turn
fight to a finish
flauntily
flexibility matrix
floating thumb
fogden
fourth stage
Gornovodnoye
harping
hiked up
hitch roll
hypertypic
inamoratos
Indigofera rigioclada
industrial-instrument
intestine loop
iris scan
Kaliningradskaya Oblast'
left dorso-posterior position
loss due to anchorage temperature difference
ludent
marine centrifugal type refrigerating compressor unit
metallibure
milch goat
neisseria gonorrhoeaes
nonhierarchically
Nymphula
objective cap
office speaker
oozier
other multimode fiber optic cable
pajamas
panama, gulf of
personal allowances
podheads
Port Noarlunga
quod erat faciendum
radiator thermometer
rallentando
re-furbish
rhinoneurosis
river inversion
rotary expansion engine
sagaciate
sand pike
Saxifraga triaristulata
smooth-bore
Solana
soloman r.
spalike
spiking maul
stationary-welding machine
strongbark
swirl defect
teleprinter receiver
thiamins
Third Lateran Council
time interval analyser
ultrarunner
unrecorded income
unwashable
vapour transport
variable structure computer
waggonwright
yellow paper test