英语听力—环球英语 1444 Patrick Moore, Astronomer

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　　Welcome to Spotlight 1. I’m Colin Lowther.
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　　And I’m Katy Blake. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand - no matter where in the world they live.
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　　Everyone has looked up into the sky at night. Everyone has seen stars in the night sky. But have you looked up and observed the mountains on the moon? Have you seen every planet that orbits the sun? Today’s Spotlight is on a man who did this. He spent his whole life looking at the sky at night. He loved astronomy. He loved studying the moon, planets and stars. And he helped millions of other people enjoy it too. His name was Patrick Moore.
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　　Moore was born in 1923 in England. As a small boy he had a weak heart. He did not go to school. Instead, he learned at home. When he was six or seven years old his mother gave him a book. The book was about the planets. He read it from cover to cover. And he wanted to know more. He started to study the moon, planets and stars. He was excited by everything he learned. When he was only 11 years old, he even became a member of the British Astronomical 2 Association.
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　　He was particularly interested in the moon. He used a telescope to study its surface. The telescope made everything look bigger and closer. He could see the detail of the surface of the moon clearly. He saw mountains. He also saw circle shaped craters 3. Objects hitting the moon make these craters. In this way he taught himself about the moon. He discovered many new things about it. When he was 13, he published a report about his discoveries.
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　　As Moore grew older he continued to learn more. He continued to study the moon and its mountains and craters. And he made special maps of what he saw on the moon. He did not do this as a job. He did it because he enjoyed doing it. He was an amateur. But many important people respected his research and his lunar maps.
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　　At this time no-one had travelled into space. But both the Soviet 4 Union and the United States had space programmes. The people in these space programmes knew about Moore and his research. And both space programmes used his detailed 5 lunar maps.
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　　In 1959 the Soviets 6 launched the space rocket Lunik 3. It took the first pictures of the far side of the moon. The Soviets used Moore’s lunar maps to connect their pictures with images of the near side of the moon. Later the United States space programme NASA also used his detailed maps of the moon. The maps helped NASA scientists to plan their moon landings.
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　　So Moore played an important part in the early exploration of space. He also wanted to spread interest in astronomy. He wrote many popular books on the subject. But it was through television that he reached millions of people. He gave them an interest in astronomy.
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　　In 1957 the Soviets sent the first satellite, Sputnik I, into space. And in that same year Moore became the presenter 7 of a BBC television programme. It was called ‘The Sky at Night’. Moore presented this television programme about space and astronomy for 55 years. This was until his death in 2012.
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　　Moore loved to communicate his subject. He was so excited about it that he would speak very fast and very loud. He was very tall and very large. He talked with knowledge and excitement about the moon and planets such as Mars, Venus, Saturn 8 and Jupiter. He told people about comets, black holes, eclipses, meteors and far off stars and constellations 9. He made difficult things easy to understand.
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　　Moore was also interested in people. He talked to many scientists. He also met many astronauts who had gone into space. And some of them even appeared on ‘The Sky at Night.’ He met the first man in space, the Russian Yuri Gagarin. He also met the first woman in space, the Russian Valentina Tereshkova. He also knew many of the American Apollo astronauts, including Neil Armstrong. Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon. He appeared on ‘The Sky and Night’ programme and talked about the moon with Moore. Buzz Aldrin was the second man on the moon. He said that Moore helped people to understand the greatness of the Universe.
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　　Many people became excited about astronomy through Moore and ‘The Sky at Night’ programme. Dr. Marek Kakula is the current Public Astronomer 10 at the Royal Observatory 11 in Greenwich in the United Kingdom. Kakula told the BBC that Moore had a big effect on the world of professional astronomy. He said:
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　　‘There are many trained astronomers 12 like me who can date their interest in astronomy to watching Patrick on television.’
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　　Moore did not just interest people in astronomy through his books and on television. He helped them develop their interest directly. He wrote letters of encouragement and support. He met people at events. And he even invited them to his home. There he shared his telescopes, his knowledge, and his food and drink. Brian May was one such person. May is part of the popular music group Queen. But he is also a scientist. He is an astrophysicist who studies the physics of the universe. May told the BBC:
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　　‘We all learned astronomy from Patrick Moore. We learned that kind of hunger and joy for knowledge that he had and shared with everybody. He lived and breathed his subject. And he shared it with everybody. He only lived to share his knowledge, his wealth and his time.’
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　　Moore received many awards for his work during his life. He even received a knighthood from the Queen. So he became Sir Patrick Moore. But Moore always said that he was nothing more than an amateur. He was not a trained astronomer. He was somebody who did his work because he loved doing it.
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　　Do you enjoy doing something as an amateur? Do you tell other people about your interest? Share your experiences on our website http://www.radioenglish.net
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　　The writer of this programme was Shelagh Godwin. The producer was Nick Mangeolles. The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted for this programme and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this programme again, and read it, on the internet at http://www.radioenglish.net This .programme is called, ‘Patrick Moore, Astronomer’.
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