时间:2018-12-19 作者:英语课 分类:VOA双语新闻 2011年1月


英语课

  If you could take a vaccine 1 that would protect you against cancer, wouldn't you take it? Well, for cervical cancer, there is a vaccine. It protects against a virus called HPV, which can lead to cancer of the cervix. But a new study reports that many women say no to the vaccine.

如果有一种预防癌症的疫苗,你会接种它吗?目前有宫颈癌疫苗。这种疫苗对抗会导致宫颈癌的人乳头状瘤病毒。但是,一项新的研究发现,很多妇女拒绝接种这种疫苗。

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women, according to the World Health Organization.

世界卫生组织说,宫颈癌是女性最常见的癌症。

It's responsible for more than a quarter-million deaths each year - 85 percent of them in developing countries. Scientists have found that cervical cancer is caused by a sexually-transmitted microbe called HPV, the human papillomavirus, said University of Maryland researcher Kathleen Tracy.

每年导致25万多人死亡,其中百分之85是在发展中国家。

"The human papillomavirus is actually a family of viruses that cause everything from common skin warts 2 to genital warts, and then certain strains of it actually can lead to cervical cancer."

特雷西说:“人类乳头状瘤病毒实际上是一类病毒的总称,它能引起各种问题,从皮肤上长疣,到生殖器长疣,其中某些病毒会导致宫颈癌。”

Until a few years ago, the best defense 3 was a pap smear 4 to detect and treat precancerous cells. But giving susceptible 5 women the annual test can be difficult to manage, especially in resource-poor areas.

一直到几年以前,最好的办法就是利用子宫颈抹片检查,来发现和治疗癌前细胞。但是对于风险高的妇女来说,这种每年一次的检查,特别在资源不足的地区,可能难于实行。

A vaccine against HPV, which was introduced a few years ago, would seem a much better solution, but only if women get vaccinated 6.

几年前研发出来的一种抗人类乳头状瘤病毒的疫苗似乎是好得多的防治办法。但前提是必须接种这种疫苗。

To see if that was happening, Tracy and her colleagues reviewed medical records of about 10,000 females, ages 9 to 26, at the University of Maryland's medical center in Baltimore who were eligible 7 to get HPV vaccination 8.

为了了解接种情况,特雷西和她的同事们在巴尔的摩市马里兰大学医学中心查阅了大约1万名9岁至26岁女病人的病例。这些病人都符合接种HPV疫苗。

They found that only about 27 percent got vaccinated. The hospital records don't say why three-quarters of the young women chose not to get the vaccine, but Tracy has some educated guesses, based on the short time the vaccine has been on the market.

他们发现,只有百分之27的病人接种了疫苗。医院的病历资料中没有说明,为什么其他百分之73的病人没有接种。特雷西根据疫苗上市时间还太短这个事实,做出了一些合理猜测。

"It's only been licensed 9 for use in the U.S. since 2006. So I think there's probably a significant number of people who are sitting back and waiting to see how effective is it, what are the major side effects, is it going to come down in price - it's not an inexpensive vaccine," she explained in a telephone interview from the annual research conference of the American Association for Cancer Research, where she presented her study.

她说:“这种疫苗2006年才被核准使用。所以我想,可能还有很多人在采取观望态度,想看看它的效果如何,主要副作用是什么,价格会不会降下来,等等,这可不是一种价格低廉的疫苗。”

Less than one-third of the 27 percent who got the vaccine, got the full series of three doses. Tracy says choosing to get or not get the vaccine is a matter of choice. But "when I see that people are choosing to get it but aren't following through with the dose, it worries me," she said. "That means there are large numbers of women that are unprotected or underprotected, and that's the group that we need to reach."

在百分之27的接种了疫苗的人当中,按要求接种完三剂疫苗的还不到三分之一。特雷西说,是不使接种这种疫苗,是个人的选择。不过她说:“我看见有人选择接种,却又不依照规定接种完三剂,我就感到担心。因为这意味着,很多妇女不是未受保护,就是没有受到充分的保护。我们应该找到这些人。”

Technology might provide an answer, and Tracy and her colleagues are preparing a new study to see if a week's worth of daily text (SMS) messages might be a more effective way to get women who start the HPV vaccine to get all three shots.

也许可以求助于技术。特雷西和她的同事准备进行一项新的研究,希望看看连发一个星期的短信,能否产生效果,让开始接种疫苗的人坚持把三剂疫苗接种完毕。



1 vaccine
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
2 warts
n.疣( wart的名词复数 );肉赘;树瘤;缺点
  • You agreed to marry me, warts and all! 是你同意和我结婚的,我又没掩饰缺陷。 来自辞典例句
  • Talk about trying to cure warts with spunk-water such a blame fool way as that! 用那样糊涂蛋的方法还谈什么仙水治疣子! 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
3 defense
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
4 smear
v.涂抹;诽谤,玷污;n.污点;诽谤,污蔑
  • He has been spreading false stories in an attempt to smear us.他一直在散布谎言企图诽谤我们。
  • There's a smear on your shirt.你衬衫上有个污点。
5 susceptible
adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
  • Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
6 vaccinated
[医]已接种的,种痘的,接种过疫菌的
  • I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
7 eligible
adj.有条件被选中的;(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的
  • He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
  • Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。
8 vaccination
n.接种疫苗,种痘
  • Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
  • Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。
9 licensed
adj.得到许可的v.许可,颁发执照(license的过去式和过去分词)
  • The new drug has not yet been licensed in the US. 这种新药尚未在美国获得许可。
  • Is that gun licensed? 那支枪有持枪执照吗?
学英语单词
a matter of congratulation
a ramallosa
abstract algebra manifold
accurred
aft antenna
Alois
ARMELLINI
ASLAP
Atlantic Coast Conference
biceps curl
bicks
blomstrand
brachylogy
cabline patchouli
cane-cuttings
cant body
caprizant
casseia
cervical air sac
chartleys
chest pulley weight
ciliary glands
concurrent control count
copy quantity key
countershaft bearing cover
cranial limb of intestinal loop
Dell Inc.
desertin'
dysgranulopoiesis
dysphoric manic episode
echinostelium paucifilum
Ekonal
encephalic poliomyelitis
eoliths
finitists
flynet
gamma-ray shield
general mechanics
grievesome
guffey
Helles, Cape
herbalogy
hot-air damper
ideal productivity index
jurish
kello
leadagetest
lowest common ancestor
maintenance free
Markscheidewesen
martinis
mineral micrology
monochoriate
murreie
myxosomiasis
nephritogenic strains
non-absorbing state
nonsingular network
overbeetling
padded out
petroleur
pintle plate
Plateosaurus
politization
post-puller
preconceived opinions
prejudice against
primitive adjoint
principle of belongingness
psub
qualification of name
Rayleigh criterion
reactive compensation equipment
resistance training
robust performance
rvw
s catarrh Bostock
salted salmon belly
selfproclaimed
side arch
single-end break
sliding shoe
smoker's
standard measuring instrument
Stiper quartzite
submerged intake
swing hammer
synfuel
ta mien
take him
take mercy on
tecophilaea cyanocrocus leyb.
thaumastocheles japonicus
the world is your oyster
threshold immunity
to fan the air
tympanic bone
unurn
velamentous
wave energy transmission
weapon of offense
weighting bottle