时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:2015年VOA慢速英语(十二)月


英语课

 



——赖世雄语法43


我们接着做练习3,他光着脚走进屋子里。(是同时发生)


主要的行为是“走进屋子里”,而“光着脚”次要行为,∴要先翻译“走进屋子里”。主要的行为和次要行为都是He发出的,暂时只把次要行为写出,别计较整个句子的对错:


He walked into the room was barefooted. ×


∵主要的行为和次要行为之间没有<连接词>,就把was变成“(being)”:


------------------------------(being)barefooted. √


关于barefooted有一个重要概念:


bare是“赤裸裸的”,foot是“脚”。它把表示身体的这种部位之<名词>作<形容词>用时,有一个特征:加上ed而像<过去分词>的样子。也就是说:用[<形容词>+身体的这种部位之<名词>+ed],构成一种特殊的<过去分词>。类似地例子:


那个大眼睛的女孩子是我妹妹呀! That bigeyeed girl is my sister.


那个三个脑袋的男孩子是我弟弟呀!That three-headed man is my brother.


那个伤心的男孩子离开了! That broken-hearted man left.


练习4,他挥手向他道别。(是同时发生)


主要的行为是“向他道别”,而“挥手”次要行为,先译“向他道别”,再译“挥手”,之间暂用and连接:He said goodby to her and waved his hand.


去掉<连接词>and、把<动词> waved改成waving:


---------------------------waving his hand.


练习5,他站在角落里唱着一首歌。/ 练习6,他靠在墙上看着天空。


He stood in the corners singing a song. √


He leaned against the wall looking up into the sky. √


注意:要用into不能用at。into表“能看透的”,因天空是空的,一直往里看;而at prep. 在 向 对——表“看不透的”。照镜子:look into the mirror


第九个要点:用<分词结构>简化<副词从句>


用when当 / while当 / i f如果 / unless除非 / though虽然/ once一旦,这样的<连接副词>连接引导的<副词从句>,如果<主语>和<主句>相同,也可以化简为<分词结构>。其方法跟没有<连接词>的两个<单句>的化简是相同的:


[将相同的<主语>去掉/之后的<动词>变<现在分词>/如果是<be动词>变成<being>,<being>也可省略掉;——didn’t→no!]。


1,——如果if句的化简:


a,我要有空,就和你一块去。


If I’m free I’ll go with you. √


If(being)free -------------. √


注意:If下通常只适于<be动词>。例如:


我要有钱,会买辆车子。


If I’have money I’ll buy a car. √


If having money I’ll buy a car. ×


b,要是受到适当地鼓励,他会做这件事。


He’ll do it if he is properly encouraged.


-------------if(being)properly encouraged.


2,——当when句的化简:


在那个日子里,他不知道紧急状况下怎样应急处理(运作)时,就请教父亲。


On those days when he didn’t know how to process in a emergency he’ll consult his father. √


On those days when no knowing how to process in a emergency he’ll consult his father. √ didn’t→no


3,——除非unless句的化简:


除非你另获指示,否则必须按我说的去做。


Unless you’re otherwise instructed you should do it as I say.√


------(being)----------------------------------------------.√


Unless的化简跟If一样,其下通常只适于<be动词>。例如:


除非我有钱,否则什么都不买。


Unless I’have money I won’t buy anything. √


Unless having money I won’t buy anything. ×


4,——当while句的化简:


while I was here I had good time. √


-----(being)here -------------.√


while I stayed here I had good time.√


------- staying here -------------------.√


5,——虽然though句的化简:


他虽然受伤的很重,一点也没感到畏惧。 ——at all通常放在句尾


Though he was seriously injured he was at all daunt(ed). √


--------(being)------------------------------------------.√


6,——once一旦句的化简:


once的化简跟If /Unless一样,其下通常只适于<be动词>。


一旦我有空,我就让你知道。


Once I’m a available I let you know. √


----(being)-----------------------.√


注意,available除了①,空闲的,还有②,现货可以得到的 可供应的


①,明天我下午有空。 I'll be available in the afternoon tomorrow. √


=I'll be free in the afternoon tomorrow. √


脱离职位不需要上班。 ~I'll be off (duty) in the afternoon tomorrow. √


②,这种书你这儿有卖吗?Do you have this book available?


你这种表有卖吗? -------------- a kind of watch available?


第十——


再说:用[<形容词>+身体的这种部位之<名词>+ed],构成一种特殊的<过去分词>:


1, 他光着脚走进屋子里。He walked into the room(being)barefooted.


2, 那个大眼睛的女孩子是我妹妹呀!That bigeyeed girl is my sister.


3, 那个三个脑袋的男孩子是我弟弟呀!That three-headed man is my brother.


4, 那个伤心的男孩子离开了!That broken-hearted man left.


5, 你有没有看见那边那个红头发女孩?Do you see the redhaired girl there.


6, 独腿的军人是个英雄。The onelegged soldier was hero.


7, 双头蛇two-headed snak


8, 黑皮肤的家伙blackskined guy


有些<现在分词>,可当<介系词>或<介词>。要特别记住常用的几个


1, 包括including/不包括 除了…之外excluding


2, 有鉴于 考虑 就……而论considering


3, 有关touching 1[=regarding=about或=on=concerning]


1,“包括including /不包括 除了…之外excluding”的例句:


大家都喜欢这部电影,不过约翰他不喜欢。


Every one like the movie excluding John. √<介词>


Every one like the movie John exclude. ×<介词>→<动词>。但无<连词>


Every one like the movie John excluding. √<动词>→<现在分词>。


Every one like the movie John including. √<动词>→<现在分词>。


Every one like the movie exclusive of John.√<形容词短语>。


Every one like the movie inclusive of John.√<形容词短语>。


2,“有鉴于 考虑 就……而论considering”的例句:


鉴于他的表现,他可以成为个很好的老师。


Considering his performance he can make a goo teacher √ ①


His performance is considered he can make a goo teacher. × ②


------------------(being)considered he can make a goo teacher. √ ③


①,使用了<介词短语> “Considering his performance”来组句。√。


②,<介词>Considering→<动词>is considered来组句,无<连词>, ×。


③,用正确化简法化简:保留了<主语>His performance /<be动词>→<现在分词>(being),


3,“有关touching[=regarding=about或=on=concerning]”的例句:


他写了一篇有关“环境污染”的文章。


He wrote a article touching a environment pollution.


重点单词 关闭全部解释  


 pollution[p?'lu:??n]


n. 污染,污染物


 exclude[iks'klu:d]


vt. 除外,排除,拒绝


联想记忆


 performance[p?'f?:m?ns]


n. 表演,表现; 履行,实行


n. 性能,本


联想记忆


 available[?'veil?bl]


adj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的,有效的


联想记忆


 exclusive[iks'klu:siv]


adj. 独占的,唯一的,排外的


n. 独家新


联想记忆


 daunt[d?:nt]


v. 使 ... 胆怯,恐吓


联想记忆


 environment[in'vai?r?nm?nt]


n. 环境,外界


 consult[k?n's?lt]


v. 商讨,向 ... 请教,查阅




1 touching
adj.动人的,使人感伤的
  • It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
  • His letter was touching.他的信很感人。
学英语单词
0870
addition subtraction diagram
amplitude-level selection
antiallergenics
antifoundational
arylalkylamine
bags holed by cargo hooks
ball tipped pipette
be restored to reason
bolshoy tuder
Brandscheid
caniforms
city-bound
clearness of bole
Clisham
close coupled pump
comment text
consanguineously
constitution granted by the sovereign
corrosion kinetics
Corsican mint
crab hand
cryoprotective
detailed process
diffuser head
dispersed
dithane
domical protusion
dynamics of stream
eration
evaporator plant
faanishness
farewellers
flat disk turbine agitator
fritzell
full text database
generation of alternatives
gibt
give it a rest
gluoin
grid course
hemophagocytosis
hiccoughing
high-bulk yarn
hornowls
impinging jet
inclosure(enclosure)
intraepldermic
jebel ali
keymask
lifting method
load supporting device
mark-up calculator
mink frog
N-(2-methylimidazol-1-ethyl)urea
neutral red PS
non-synchronizing
nontolerant
on-site reprocessing
open type transformer
pars infundibularis
peristalsis pump
photoconductive property
physical measurement unit
pickard
porphyran
prestart checklist
put down for
quasi-superordinates
quotation for building a workshop
radical centre
radio colloid
radium dial
raise a price
real-time collaboration
Riverius salt
Saint Clair River
Schizopepon
seiser
separator table
shark ray
shiplap lagging
single-turn coil
special telephone
spiculae
table tennis ball
take the ground
Taussig, Frank William
thrash over old straw
tonkin, gulf of
trenefald
ultrasonic carver
uncensors
under conditions of
undulatory nystagmus
up-leg
Vabrocid
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vectorlyser
Volterra equations
wise porgy
xenon stroboscope