时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
a fair question
aalborg bugt
abound with
advest
ambisextrous
anastaz
aquatic mammalogy
as though
ball top
Beaurepaire-en-Bresse
bellows type pressure gauge
brouster
Buwanda
Bwamba fever
CD40L
centrifugal vacuum evaporator
Chazon
cinnamon-rumped foliage-gleaner
cinnamoyl
compress format
congenital hypertrichosis
conv.
copper fluoride
Dhrosia
dismissings
dixits
excyclovergence
fast switching thyristor
fingder bar
generalized Hankel Fourier transformation
ginna
glycocyclin
grinder bin
half-est
hermanites laochuani
homing system
hub cover screw
hurdlings
icteric necrosis
input paging
investment decision economics
Ishizaka
job control
josephson constant
lipodystrophia progressiva
local stimulant
longitudinal chord
make fashion
manual telex service
maximum deformation efficiency
McKinnon
measuring buret
mercury salt catalyst
microbending loss
microinhomogeneity
multiband spectral system
nicked
no risk after shipment
nucleolar channel system
nutshel
paging-in
piffling
polygamizing
porrets
prearc period
premium assessment
privity in deed
production target
pseudomonas colocasiae takimoto
pyroelectric relay
quasilinearisation
reforestizes
self-oiling feeder
sequence dancing
set spring
shut one's light off
sintered tungsten bar
socom
sororal polygyny
ST_fish-reptiles-insects-and-other-animals_sea-creatures
supervisory control relay
Sǒng-ri
tectonist
teentsier
temporary housing
the Group of Twenty
thiocyanic value
toolbar name
torsion balancer
track bike
Tubazide
turf fibre
turn upon his heel
variety degeneration rate
Varuzhan
video card
volt-line
wahler
water-bed
waterski
winterburns
zuheir