时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
amount of labor expended with a certain labour productivity
babylonia valentiana
Basstrup's disease
beetleskins
bicrons
budner
caduciferous
Calamariaceae
canadolic acid
capable person
carotid bifurcation
central control line
challan
cladoxylopsid
codiscoverer
compass compensating instrument
composite micromechanics
conservative character
constantness
crsp
current balancing autotransformer
dally with sb
drag bookkeeping
ecr (explicit cell rate)
elth
extreme drought
extreme right-winger
far-seeing plan
Fractal Distribution
FTO
gating line-scan
gieske
gluten free
grammaring
hafnium metal powder
Haib
hapludult
hawaiian guitars
haybird
hypothesising
index of estimate
insert as plain text
jet propulsion thermodynamics
Kyunhla
laminae interstitialis
law of possibility
level winding device
Liopropomatina
liter atmosphere
low-energy electron phosphor
lullingly
magneto-galvanic effect
manufacture of dangerous drug
mendosicute
mesalazines
methionyls
micro-chips
micropublishing system
Morbihan
morongius
nardosin
narrow-band amplifier
nasoseptascop
neck ruff
Newton-le-Willows
non-engagements
nonarmoured
nusantara
orthetrum japonicum internum
overraking
own house
palladiumgold
pantagraphs
personal reference
Peru balsam
phenmiazine
phytostabilization
pillarist
pitiability
polyadenomatosis
public switched telephone network
sea surface reverberation
shah rakht
single prime ideal
ssea
stand-by one
static print-out
Styrax tonkinensis Pierre
tamquam
tar stripper naphtha vapours
therapeutic schedule
time stamp token
trienynol
Urana, L.
urtica macroorhiza hand.-mazz.
veil cloud
water-bearing
Wattiwarriganna R.
weather and climate monitoring
windsor ties
wood decking
Xanthium L.