时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
al qamishli
antifragility
beblesses
binocular viewing system
blotted up
both texts being equally authentic
break spark (breaking spark)
Bulgarophone
card-readers
caryomitotic
changes in temperature
Chymodiactin
common assault
conidiiferous
corinthe
crystallography
cyclodepsipeptides
disentwining
dog certificate
double slide wire potentiometer
ecoteches
eddy loss
elementary lottery
elonia
endoliths
escalope
espouseth
estrogen replacement therapy
extended k-d tree
f(a)ecal coliform(group)
ferritic matrix
flouring
fructus broussonetiae
galegin
gas-solid partition chromatography
goddesslings
gore strake
hfs
hydrogen fluorides
idenpotent matrix
identity period diffraction
imbar
intestinal musculature
large micrometer
Larryleachia
laundry carts
liability under endorsement
long-path multiple reflection
M.Litt
malgieri
Maradiya
methylatheroline
meyle
moisture strength curve
morning sickness
nongasoline
off-gauge material
order to view
otherwhiles
overfleshed
phenltiocarbamide
Pooley Bridge
porshes
portentous
post-order
prunus communis var.fragilis schneid.
push-button dialing pad
Pyatigorsk
quasi scientific
re-aim
rectangular card potentiometer
redefiner
reflexive contraction
ruffling
sagginess
self-sustaining reaction
set-off
Skillinge
soafi
species of tree
start description compiler
stid
stopped account
swinkless
temporal stage
torsion frequency
total range of manipulated variable
touchdown runway visual range
transgenome
transparent agent
unliquidated debt
vauty
Venetian lace
voicejail
voluntary work
What was something like?
wide-aperture lens
woodner
working cycle
Y-type pipe
youll
zymoplasm