时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
adjacent angles on a straight line
automatic block with coded track circuit
background register
Bashkirian
batteling
bear sway
Bonnard
Bouïra, Wilaya d'
brachirus orientalis
bravest
caiuss
camden
carcinoma pululans
Cariri
catchability
celiomyomectomy
chegutu (hartley)
Chinchontepec, Vol.de
cholangiolia
CNOH
commi
compensating planimeter
completion of construction
concomitates
convection circuit breaker
convert note into gold
crosses
dagging
Delvine
Deodrug
DHTP
digital displacement measuring instrument
double-coconut
dripping method
Dutch fucking
ensilage fermentation
equilibrium position
ethoxy-dithioformic acid
faceoff spot
Filatov's
forchure
friuli-venezia
gauthier
genus cetonias
GEP system
god of day
Greg.
hog-fish
hypertensive cardiopathy
hypolimnas misippus
innormity
internal scanned laser
Intrasite-gel
JSOTF
kcra
less-toxic
lifting cylinder
linearly separable
majore
Martelli's wildcat
median period
medium wave receiver
multiple child pointer
no sinusoidal voltage
nonbullied
nonuples
oblatoid
odontropy
operation requirement
outcastness
paper to order
personnel placement
polytungstic acid
pressurized light-water moderated and cooled reactor
proboscide
raive
reduced design
retirement-age
retractable pilot-house
right atrium (or right auricle)
robotic technology
sanitary engineer
schmendricks
serial cable
shredded fish
side light plug
spall shield
spectro fluorimeter
standard platinum-rhodium alloy thermocouple
sternport
stole away
stream information
submersible watertight cable
sympathetic-
syncope due to immoderate drinking
teeings
the help
Tiedemann's nerve
twined
unearn
vioxanthin
virtual cache