时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
actually
Akkaya
alco-holic
AlGaInP
Alveoli dentales
arc manipulation
astroloma humifusums
average response technique
azidamphenicol
bark press
Berlicum
blindside
boomster
brood cavity
busty
camptacumotine
carbon dioxide process(co2 process)
casemod
check request
cnare's method
coaxial contrary rotating propeller
correlation electronics
counselor
countergestures
countertimer
curves of equal magnetic dip
dfe
diels-alder
discharge process
distar
divert the aim of
document stop
ebracteate
economese
end feeder
extraction pressure governor
extraterrestrial mapping
Faringe
ferritic malleable cast iron
flash up
flash wheel
floating dock
for convenience's sake
fothergills
four high rougher
fourbusher
fundamental loss
giler
glycolipidpeptide
guarantee of repayment
hepatocuprein
herz's compound
horatio hornblowers
icajine
Inguri
Kaimanawa horses
macchiatos
madhu
Makami
Medo-
metropolitan airport
Mibelli porokeratosis
Moho surface
moment of momentum
MPACS (management planning and control system)
multiaxis vibration
non-spotted schist
nonmalleable
normalized vector
pacambocythere glabra
pair grating
peter mark rogets
preeminents
pundonor
quantitative shape recovery
queenhoods
realized property
recentnesses
reentry mechanics
refetch instruction
repeating point
roll along
saturating control
sealing coil
sell sth at a sacrifice
solanum melongena esculentum
somatolactotroph
specially designed audit program
Streptaquine
subject-matter index
Sunart, Loch
symmetrical t attenuator
Tapalquén
timber crib
tolycaine
Tussizid
UHV transmission line
various terminal
vertex detector
warm wear
wing-downs
Yokosuka