时间:2018-12-10 作者:英语课 分类:2018年VOA慢速英语(十一)月


英语课

Old Medicines Preserved in US Apothecary 1 Museum


In earlier times, healers and health workers used strangely-named plants for medicinal purposes. Plants with names such as dragon’s blood, mandrake root and devil’s snare 2 could be bought at a drugstore called an apothecary.


Today, one of the best preserved apothecaries 3 in the United States has been turned into a museum in Alexandria, Virginia. The museum provides interesting examples of medicines used before the development of modern drugs.


The Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary served customers for more than 140 years, from 1792 to 1933. When the business failed, the store and its contents were bought. It was redesigned to look as it had in the 18th century. In 1939, it reopened as a museum.


Lauren Gleason supervises the museum.


“A lot of the medicines that people would have been purchasing here were probably for minor 4 ailments 5, rashes, skin conditions, the flu, a headache.”


The apothecary has many thousands of objects. Some seem strange now, like the bloodletting tools. They were used to take blood from patients in hopes of removing their sickness as well. The treatment was often harmful, however, and ended in the late 19th century.


Many famous people visited the apothecary while it was still a business, including America’s first president. George Washington and his wife Martha lived nearby in the early 1800s at their home of Mount Vernon.


But the apothecary had more than medicine.


"Lots of other chemicals like paints, dyes and perfumes, would have been made and sold here.”


And, she said, customers could also buy baby bottles, writing instruments, and even clothes-making machines at the store.


One bottle at the store holds a poison that was once used to ease pain. The drug called aconite comes from the wolfsbane plant. In earlier times, wolfsbane was thought to help control violence by imaginary creatures known as werewolves. In folklore 6, a werewolf is a human that changes into a wolf during full moons. Jim Williams works at the apothecary.


"So if you're having werewolf trouble, it will get you through to the next full moon."


Williams added that wolfsbane would also be used to treat pain in human joints 7.


Visitor Christine Zapata from California said she was especially interested in the former store’s different plants.


"Using all these different herbs and plant-based medicines that are coming back now, for me that's most interesting for me since I work in the cannabis industry."


One box at the apothecary used to contain bottles of Coca-Cola. The drinks were first sold in the late 1800s as medicine believed to cure conditions like tiredness and headaches. However, Coca-Cola at that time contained the drug cocaine 8 and could be addictive 9.


Some treatments fell into disuse after it became known they were poisonous. But we continue to depend on many medicines found in the apothecary to heal injuries and cure disease.


I’m Jonathan Evans.


Words in This Story


addictive – adj. causing a strong and harmful need to regularly have or do something


ailments – n. sicknesses or illnesses


rashes – n. groups of red spots on the skin caused by an illness or a reaction to something


dyes – n. substances used for changing the color of something (such as hair or cloth) usually permanently 10


folklore – n. ideas or stories that are not true but that many people have heard or read


preserved – adj. kept in good condition over a long period of time



1 apothecary
n.药剂师
  • I am an apothecary of that hospital.我是那家医院的一名药剂师。
  • He was the usual cut and dry apothecary,of no particular age and color.他是那种再普通不过的行医者,说不出多大年纪,相貌也没什么值得一提的。
2 snare
n.陷阱,诱惑,圈套;(去除息肉或者肿瘤的)勒除器;响弦,小军鼓;vt.以陷阱捕获,诱惑
  • I used to snare small birds such as sparrows.我曾常用罗网捕捉麻雀等小鸟。
  • Most of the people realized that their scheme was simply a snare and a delusion.大多数人都认识到他们的诡计不过是一个骗人的圈套。
3 apothecaries
n.药剂师,药店( apothecary的名词复数 )
  • Some of them crawl through the examination of the Apothecaries Hall. 有些人则勉勉强强通过了药剂师公会的考试。 来自辞典例句
  • Apothecaries would not sugar their pills unless they were bitter. 好药不苦不会加糖衣。 来自互联网
4 minor
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
5 ailments
疾病(尤指慢性病),不适( ailment的名词复数 )
  • His ailments include a mild heart attack and arthritis. 他患有轻度心脏病和关节炎。
  • He hospitalizes patients for minor ailments. 他把只有小病的患者也送进医院。
6 folklore
n.民间信仰,民间传说,民俗
  • Zhuge Liang is a synonym for wisdom in folklore.诸葛亮在民间传说中成了智慧的代名词。
  • In Chinese folklore the bat is an emblem of good fortune.在中国的民间传说中蝙蝠是好运的象征。
7 joints
接头( joint的名词复数 ); 关节; 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所) (非正式); 一块烤肉 (英式英语)
  • Expansion joints of various kinds are fitted on gas mains. 各种各样的伸缩接头被安装在煤气的总管道上了。
  • Expansion joints of various kinds are fitted on steam pipes. 各种各样的伸缩接头被安装在蒸气管道上了。
8 cocaine
n.可卡因,古柯碱(用作局部麻醉剂)
  • That young man is a cocaine addict.那个年轻人吸食可卡因成瘾。
  • Don't have cocaine abusively.不可滥服古柯碱。
9 addictive
adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的,成为习惯的
  • The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
  • Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。
10 permanently
adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地
  • The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
  • The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
学英语单词
absolute salinity
aerophilatelic
Allos, Col d'
animal or vegetable fibers
apogon pleuron
astronomical satellite
august 6s
be upon the books
berelson
bottom hopper barge
bring to bear on
business centre
catheteters
ch'ing y?eh
change of variable theorem
Chiari's syndrome
clonic contraction
cross talk amplitude
curing tank
Davydovka
dedusts
Delgerhaan
dermanyssoid
dialectical theology
dicebox
diopter difference
distal cutter
dry fuel rocket
dry reach
exanthema papulosum
explosion-proof door of crankcase
f.d
foreign tongue
fosforus
fossil soil method
glad-
grub hoe
gynaecoid
halorhodopsins
hardware monitor interface
hermanites cinnamonia
high pressure axial piston pump
hydrogen system trouble
in net terms
infantile rheumatoid arthritis
insulite
ISDX
Iso-Vietonen
isoentatic line
keresztes
leptodactylid
lobelia inflatas
lyres
maced
mansionlike
mesocomplex
moravcik
murder indictment
nap hand
Opatow
peripenial
pinning in
portunus pulchricristatus
prevention and cure
price bureau
principle of promotion on merit
propylene chlorohydrin
radial xenon oscillations
reaction steam turbine
regular sleep period
research personnel
reusable software
rhodium sesquioxide
sand distribution
schneidman
sebakia
shift counter
short head
silk-cotton trees
small stock
Smithsonian
soilless
Soudan
staple sliver
Sternberg, George Miller
suits
Syamzhena
thunder-humor
top - level domain
Tori, Pta.
turn him out
twin-hull hydrofoil
urban public transport system
vascular rosettes
venae reniss
winch brake band spring
Woodford
world bank atlas
WR168643
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Yofolonbougou
Yur'yev-Pol'skiy