时间:2018-12-08 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2008年(八月)


英语课

The Russia-Georgia conflict has put Turkey in a tight spot. Will Turkey side with the United States, its NATO ally, and let more U.S. military ships into the Black Sea to assist Georgia? Or will it choose Russia which also shares a Black Sea coast with Turkey? As Dorian Jones reports from Istanbul, ever since Turkey joined NATO in 1952, it has hoped to never have to make a choice between the alliance and its Russian neighbor to the north.
 
The U.S. Navy coast guard cutter Dallas passes through Bosporus Strait, Istanbul, Turkey, 24 Aug 2008


Turkey has been playing the role of mediator 1 between various parties in the region: the United States and Iran; Israel and Syria; Pakistan and Afghanistan. But as more U.S. warships 3 pass through the narrow Turkish-controlled strait into the Black Sea to deliver aid to Georgia, a time for choosing sides may have arrived.


Last weekend, U.S. warships used the Turkish straits to deliver aid to Georgia. A Russian official condemned 4 the move and warned Turkey it was obliged to enforce the rules of an agreement that gives a 21 day limit on any warship 2 from a country that does not border the Black Sea.


The Turkish government is responsible for policing the 32-kilometer Bosporus, the only route for ships traveling to the Black Sea, under the Montreux agreement of 1936. The Bosporus provides sole access for ships to Georgia's Black Sea ports.


International relations expert Soli Ozel of Istanbul's Bilgi University said this has put Turkey in a precarious 5 position.


"Turkey is a NATO member and is also a neighbor of Georgia's and great supporter of Georgia both economically and militarily," he said. "And Turkey controls the passage from and to the Black Sea. Therefore whatever happens next Turkey is going to find itself impacted by the developments."


Also at stake is Turkey's trade relations with Russia. Turkey's trades more goods with Russia than any other country, mostly because of Turkey's dependence 6 on Russian gas.


"We have very good economic relations with Russia," said Ozel. "Our trade is over $10 billion and we are overly dependent on Russian gas at 64 percent and 40 percent for Russia oil."


Turkey has been trying to boost trade with Moscow as it struggles with a current account deficit 7 that's growing as energy costs soar.


But Russia has introduced new custom regulations which, according to the Turkish trade minister Kursad Tuzmen, could cost Turkey as much as $3 billion. Tuzmen attacked the regulations as political, saying Moscow may be punishing it for allowing the U.S. ships to pass through the Bosporus.


Tuzman said that on September 1 Turkey will impose curbs 8 on Russian exports and withdraw support for its membership of the World Trade Organization.


But a Turkish diplomatic source said that Ankara is determined 9 not to be drawn 10 into the conflict. Much of the Turkish media is also calling for a neutral stance.


With the Turkish prime minister visiting Moscow and Tbilisi, Ankara is now working hard to secure peace. Soli Ozel doesn't believe such efforts have much chance of success, but still thinks they are important.


"For the moment I see it as an empty shell and as a good will gesture. If anything comes out of it will be good, and if nothing comes out of it no one will blame Turkey," said Ozel. "It is better than what the Europeans can and would do anyway."


This weekend Georgia's foreign minister, Eka Tkeshelashvili, is due to visit Turkey, while his Russian counterpart, Sergey Lavrov, is expected next week. While few people give little chance of any breakthrough, experts say the real motive 11 behind such efforts is for Turkey to balance its relations between Russia and the West. But with another U.S. warship headed to the Black Sea this weekend, those efforts are predicted to get increasingly difficult.



1 mediator
n.调解人,中介人
  • He always takes the role of a mediator in any dispute.他总是在争论中充当调停人的角色。
  • He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。
2 warship
n.军舰,战舰
  • He is serving on a warship in the Pacific.他在太平洋海域的一艘军舰上服役。
  • The warship was making towards the pier.军舰正驶向码头。
3 warships
军舰,战舰( warship的名词复数 ); 舰只
  • The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后,敌舰退出了海战。
  • The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。
4 condemned
adj.不安定的,靠不住的;根据不足的
  • Our financial situation had become precarious.我们的财务状况已变得不稳定了。
  • He earned a precarious living as an artist.作为一个艺术家,他过得是朝不保夕的生活。
5 dependence
n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
  • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
  • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
6 deficit
n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差
  • The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
  • We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。
7 curbs
v.限制,克制,抑制( curb的第三人称单数 )
  • In executing his functions he is not bound by any legal curbs on his power. 在他履行职务时,他的权力是不受任何法律约束的。 来自辞典例句
  • Curbs on air travel were being worked out and would shortly be announced. 限制航空旅行的有关规定正在拟定中,不久即将公布。 来自辞典例句
8 determined
adj.坚定的;有决心的
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
9 drawn
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
10 motive
n.动机,目的;adv.发动的,运动的
  • The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
  • He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。
学英语单词
aculars
address-book
agglutinating
agryban
at (one's) pleasure
autoequivalences
Baccaurea
banana-leaf
Bartholomew doll
bass flute
blood-spattered
brown rice belly
buttered someone up
caridina brevicarpalis
circuit tourism
clomiphenes
closed circuit filling system
coleocela
constrictor naris
corneal abrasion
cosmic microwave radiation
Dalby's carminative
decentred lens
degree of polymerization of a polymer
derrick erecting truck
diachronic public relations
double ended wrench (double ended spanner)
ear tick
focal reducer
Fortcinolone
gafiating
glans of clitoris
gourd vegetables
graphic control
Green Cay
Grosa, I.
heat analysis
high modulus weave
homotharicrine
hosecock
house-party
i-hoked
induced homomorphism
indurain
infant-toddler
infantile oxyuriasis
integral joint casing
Jiantizi
Kombinat
Krasnovodsk
lepiota alba
liverer
low frequency electrical porcelain
mcgarvey
mercurification
nearest neighbor search
nerve cement
non-convertible
off-keier
one group critical equation
ony
orris-powder
palew
palmatipartite
partially hanging rudder
petrophytes
phase accumulator
photohobia
phylloporus rhodoxanthus
Piper betle L.
platismatia formosana
pledge card
plumpline
preset potentiometer
profitability index
propylene glycol alginate
public-address systems
randonnee
reflected radiation
relocating loader
ricebird
rolled joint
roof baggage rack
rubber sleeve core barrel
sea otter fur
shore-fast
sight bill
sodium ethyl sulfate
somlich
spell-binders
stabilized sulphur trioxide
synandrium
tan sb's hide
tank drainback
time correction circuit
too littlest
turbine low vacuum protection
two-way latticed grid
video-tapeds
well-carved
woodland pasture
Yatenga, Prov.