时间:2018-12-08 作者:英语课 分类:VOA2003(上)-国际时讯


英语课

Broadcast: Jan 20 2003


 


India has tested its most 1)sophisticated surface-to-air missile on the country's east coast. The test of the "Akash" missile comes as India's defense 1 minister returned from Russia with a reported agreement to purchase sea-based nuclear technology. When the deal is finalized 2 in March, India will achieve its long-term objective of acquiring a nuclear-capable naval 3 strike force.


The Akash anti-aircraft missile was successfully tested Monday on the eastern Indian state of Orissa the second such test since Saturday. Defense officials here say it is one of the final checks before the missile will be cleared for mass production. It is one of many moves India has taken to boost its defense capabilities 4.


India's defense minister has returned to Delhi from Moscow where he reportedly hammered out terms of a military purchase agreement with Russia.


Under the deal, India would buy the 44,000 ton aircraft carrier, Admiral Gorshkov, something New Delhi has been trying to do for several years. India's Ministry 5 of Defense would also lease two Akula class 2)nuclear submarines as well as a number of strategic bombers 6 from Moscow. Both countries will jointly 7 develop a new generation of jet fighters and jointly build submarine-based Brahmos naval rockets that can carry nuclear warheads.


Indian and Russian defense officials will not comment publicly about the arrangement except to say it "covers all major issues related to procurement 8 and sorts out old problems between the two countries."


Rahul Bedi, in New Delhi for Jane's Defense Weekly, said when the deal is clinched 9, India will achieve its goal of creating a "triad" nuclear deterrence 10. "The sale of the carrier is predicated to the leasing of the two nuclear submarines from Russia. That is going to form the nucleus 11 of India's nuclear 3)deterrence, which is based on missiles, on its air-force jets and on its sea leg, which has been missing until the submarines come in," he said.


India will be the only country in the region to possess an aircraft carrier and advanced nuclear submarines. Defense analysts 12 like Rahul Bedi say the Akula-class submarines are far more advanced than submarines possessed 13 by other countries in the region such as China or Australia.


Indian and Russian negotiators have been 4)wrangling over the details of the sale for several years, but now appear to be close to agreement. Mr. Bedi said: "Russia is offering the carrier for the price of its re-fit, and they want to charge about $700 million. But the Russians are also insisting that India buy the carrier air-group which are the fighter jets that go on the carrier, from Russia. So, it is a deal of roughly about $2 billion, "India wants to reduce that amount by a 100 million. So I think it is just a matter of time before we reach a viable 14 medium."


Still unclear is what effect the Russia-India defense deal will have on India's arch-rival Pakistan. India and Pakistan both tested nuclear weapons in 1998 and have engaged in tit-for-tat missile tests on a regular basis over the past few months. Analysts like Rahul Bedi says it is not likely that Pakistan would seek to acquire an aircraft carrier of its own, but Islamabad could move quickly to try to develop a sea-based nuclear strike force.


Jim Teeple VOA news, New Delhi.


 


1)    sophisticated[sE5fistikeitid]adj.诡辩的, 久经世故的


2)    nuclear submarines核潜艇


3)    deterrence[di5tE:rEns]n. 妨碍物,制止因素


4)    wrangle over争论, 争吵, 口角, 辩驳



1 defense
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
2 finalized
vt.完成(finalize的过去式与过去分词形式)
  • The draft of this article has been finalized [done]. 这篇文章已经定稿。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The draft was revised several times before it was finalized. 稿子几经删改才定下来。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
3 naval
adj.海军的,军舰的,船的
  • He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
  • The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。
4 capabilities
n.能力( capability的名词复数 );可能;容量;[复数]潜在能力
  • He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大,自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
  • Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为,标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
5 ministry
n.(政府的)部;牧师
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
6 bombers
n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 );投弹手;安非他明胶囊;大麻叶香烟
  • Enemy bombers carried out a blitz on the city. 敌军轰炸机对这座城市进行了突袭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The Royal Airforce sill remained dangerously short of bombers. 英国皇家空军仍未脱离极为缺乏轰炸机的危境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 jointly
ad.联合地,共同地
  • Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
  • She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。
8 procurement
n.采购;获得
  • He is in charge of the procurement of materials.他负责物资的采购。
  • More and more,human food procurement came to have a dominant effect on their evolution.人类获取食物愈来愈显著地影响到人类的进化。
9 clinched
v.(尤指两人)互相紧紧抱[扭]住( clinch的过去式和过去分词 );解决(争端、交易),达成(协议)
  • The two businessmen clinched the deal quickly. 两位生意人很快达成了协议。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Evidently this information clinched the matter. 显然,这一消息使问题得以最终解决。 来自辞典例句
10 deterrence
威慑,制止; 制止物,制止因素; 挽留的事物; 核威慑
  • An extreme school of "disarmers" pronounced stable deterrence was a dangerous deception. “裁军论者”中的极端派声称,稳定的威摄是一种危险的骗局。
  • Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。
11 nucleus
n.核,核心,原子核
  • These young people formed the nucleus of the club.这些年轻人成了俱乐部的核心。
  • These councils would form the nucleus of a future regime.这些委员会将成为一个未来政权的核心。
12 analysts
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
13 possessed
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
  • He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
  • He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
14 viable
adj.可行的,切实可行的,能活下去的
  • The scheme is economically viable.这个计划从经济效益来看是可行的。
  • The economy of the country is not viable.这个国家经济是难以维持的。
学英语单词
a gemini
Addtl
aligning microscope
appoximate continuity
Arderone
auxiliary firing
body search
bonibells
bubble dancer
bus duct work
bustiers
cancelled ballot ticket
chip shell
coalign
cotton gatherer
crest angle
cronje
cubango
cut-off interval
cycloses
depilators
dip coating process
distance correcting mechanism of range-finder
DMZ hosts
dryhanded
dryness-moistening and phlegm-resolving prescription
Fergusonite-trihydrate
filament emission
fine and microstructure of ocean
galactaric acid
good-times
granados
half-duplex
hyaline cell
hydroxyphenylarsonic acid
inferior carotid ganglia
integrated sounding system (iss)
interface description language
invisible runners
kakortokite
keep your eye on the ball
Koch's node
larch bark extract
line-sequential color-television
liquid breakdown
liquidation statement
long summer
machine-readable texts
maintenance team
matako
mazurek
mesoporous molecular sieve catalyst
monascus
multirelation
Nea Dimmata
night-creams
Nocardiophage
nomo-
nonerupted deciduous teeth
nonreconstructive inversion
nuplex
Ojo de Laguna
Ollantaitambo
operating losses
palilalias
parturiates
party-man
pashminas
payment of royalty
pendulous axis
phylosopher
pickled
population distribution
position modulation
prediction accuracy
purified helium product cooler
repaneled
ruddys
Runamycin
serve the turn
shatterindex
side draw tray
skew pupils
sputtering deposition
stereoscopic rangefinder
sulfatidate
Szabo
tampulbolon
tautomerizm
telc
tilting prevention device
Timpas
to keep your eyes peeled
unchampioned
Uniloy
universal-joint journal
vaccary
Vsign
water-sop
Whitworth standard screw thread
young Turks