时间:2018-12-07 作者:英语课 分类:2017年VOA慢速英语(六)月


英语课

 


Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women. Hundreds of thousands of new cases are identified worldwide every year.


Now, one of the largest cancer prevention studies of its kind has reported some sobering findings. Just one alcoholic drink a day can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. But, the researchers also found there are things people can do to reduce their risk.


The American Institute for Cancer Research did the study. It examined 119 past studies involving 12 million women. 260,000 of them had breast cancer.


Anne McTiernan was the lead writer of the report. McTiernan is with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington.


She said the research showed a connection between drinking alcohol and increased risk of breast cancer in 10 studies involving 4,000 women. The women were of childbearing age and had developed breast cancer.


The study found that the women who drank about 10 grams of alcohol a day had a five percent increased risk of breast cancer.


Although five percent seems like a small amount, the study's chance of mistake was very low, said McTiernan.


Another group of studies involved 35,000 women who were post-menopausal and had developed breast cancer.


“We found that there was a nine percent increased risk of drinking that same amount of alcohol, an average of 10 grams a day of alcohol. Again, a small glass of wine, eight ounce(s) of beer, one ounce of hard liquor.”


McTiernan said the World Health Organization considers alcohol to be a carcinogen – a substance that can cause cancer. It contains a liquid called acetaldehyde, which damages DNA.


Investigators also found ways to lower risk. They say forceful exercise, such as running or fast bicycling, decreased the risk of breast cancer. Young women who were the most physically active had about a 17 percent decrease. A 10 percent decrease was found for post-menopausal women who took part in similar exercise.


Moderate activity, such as walking and gardening, was found to reduce the risk of breast cancer by 13 percent in the most active women compared to the least active.


There was also evidence that eating a non-starchy, plant-based diet lowers the risk. However, that does not mean people must eat only vegetables, McTiernan said.


“It just means eating a lot of fresh vegetables and fruit: making sure most of the vegetables are non-starchy, not potatoes; eating dairy products because they are high in calcium and they have some benefit on their own.”


McTiernan said eating a diet with lots of fruits and vegetables can help women keep their weight down. That is important, since being overweight can increase an older woman's breast cancer risk.


The Institute says one in three breast cancer cases in the U.S. could be prevented if women cut alcohol from their diets, stayed physically active and kept a healthy weight.


The American Institute for Cancer Research is part of the World Cancer Research Fund, which collects and studies information from around the world on cancer prevention.


Words in This Story


sobering - adj. making you feel serious and thoughtful


childbearing - adj. a word describing the process of giving birth to children


post-menopausal - adj. having gone through the time in a woman's life when blood stops flowing from her body each month


DNA - n. a substance that carries genetic information in the cells of plants and animals — often used before another noun


gardening - n. taking care of plants in an area of ground where they are grown


starchy - adj. a substance that is found in certain foods, such as bread, rice and potatoes


diet - n. the food that a person or animal usually eats


benefit - n. a good or helpful result or effect



标签:
学英语单词
.ttf files
abreauvoir
affix a seal
arborine
autopilot engage and trim indicator
bad copy
battery terminal
block macromolecule
body hoop
bottom gradient electrode system
bulb nose
c-legs
calcaneocuboid articulation
carrier solvent
chinny reckon
Co-ferol
Cohengua, R.
control register instruction
core maximum heat flux (density)
Cortadren
cotton trousers
coupled valve
cursarary
differential earnings from land
diluent modifier
double out
drop-in commercial
ecological climatology
El Orégano
expense not allocated
fermented tea
fertility of soil
frustillatim
fuel refuse-derived
graviditas tuboabdominalis
heading (hdg)
heating systems
hierarchy model
His bark is worse than his bite.
hoglike
hold-over
I/O mode
Ilheus encephalitis
indian chocolates
invoicings
Johnson, Jack
Karvezide
keep one's eye on
khairulins
kick starter spring
krasorskii's method
Kronig's method
lane cake
leptospira tarassovi
lifeline pistol
literary youth
lulita
mean deviations
mediamax
microwave power module
nested sink
noninterchangeable
NSOC
Nupasal
oleostrut
on line service provider
order of reactor
patio doors
perecs
polyphase converter
pound the pavement
proceeding with
program clarity
proper energy
rate of strain tensor
reducing acid radical
regional unconformity
remote operated
rheostatic type automatic power factor regulator
Rosenmmuller's gland
Rzhevsky
sanitary napkin
sea damage for seller's account
self-balancing type
sepr.
servo
set a clock
simple proposition
slicklines
snip-snap
social density
sphero-cylindrical lenticular
St Anthony
staphyloma
telecommunication networks
territorial division of labor
Themistian
turn volume
water trumpet
Wedge Mountain
zizanin
Zyryanskoye