时间:2018-12-07 作者:英语课 分类:VOA2003(上)-健康资讯


英语课

 



Broadcast: January 27, 2003
By Jill Moss 1


This is the VOA Special English Development Report.


Researchers have discovered a simple answer to a huge problem in developing countries. They have found that cholera 2 and other deadly organisms can be removed from drinking water with simple cloth filters2. Pouring water from rivers or lakes through several thicknesses of cloth can trap tiny organisms that contain the cholera bacteria.


Researchers discovered this fact during a three-year study in Bangladesh3. American and Bangladeshi scientists went to sixty-five small villages in a country where cholera is a major health problem. They tested the use of saris as cloth filters. A sari is the traditional clothing worn by most women in Bangladesh.


People in one group of villages used cloth from old saris, folded eight times, as a filter for their drinking water. People in another group of villages used modern nylon4 filters for their water. People in the other villages continued to gather water in traditional ways, without using filters. About forty-four-thousand people were studied in each of the three groups of villages.


Rita Colwell from the University of Maryland at College Park helped lead the study. She said the people in the villages using filters from old saris had the lowest number of cases of cholera. The researchers also found that almost ninety-nine percent of cholera bacteria could be filtered out with the sari cloth. Mizz Colwell said that cloth from old saris worked best because it has been washed repeatedly. She said the space between the threads of the material narrows when the cloth is washed so it traps smaller particles.


Cholera is an intestinal 3 infection caused by bacteria5. It can develop in the body in less than five days. It can quickly lead to severe diarrhea6, vomiting7, and a loss of bodily fluids. Death is possible if treatment is not given quickly. Children under age five are most at risk. In two-thousand-one, the World Health Organization reported almost two-hundred-thousand cases of cholera in fifty-eight countries. About three-thousand people died from the disease.


Cholera spreads quickly in developing countries. People get the disease by drinking water or eating food that contains the bacteria. The disease is most often found in areas where there is unclean water and ineffective human waste removal systems.


1. cholera [5kClErE ] n. 霍乱
2. filters [5fIltE] n. 过滤器
3. Bangladesh [7bB:N^lE5deF] 孟加拉国
4. nylon [5naIlEn] n. 尼龙
5. bacteria [bAk5tIErIE] n. 细菌
6. diarrhea [7daIE5rIE] n. 痢疾,腹泻
7. vomit [5vRmIt] vt.呕吐



1 moss
n.苔,藓,地衣
  • Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
  • He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。
2 cholera
n.霍乱
  • The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
  • Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。
3 intestinal
adj.肠的;肠壁;肠道细菌
  • A few other conditions are in high intestinal obstruction. 其它少数情况是高位肠梗阻。 来自辞典例句
  • This complication has occasionally occurred following the use of intestinal antiseptics. 这种并发症偶而发生在使用肠道抗菌剂上。 来自辞典例句
学英语单词
absorption reaction rate
abuse of law
acrobatic show
Aleksandrinka
Allo-PBSCT
application workspace
arbitrally
blinking method of stereoscopic viewing
brass watch case blank
Chilean tinamous
cixiid
clap-hand
common laburnum
compartment hot well
compartmentalised
conductivity
contra-cyclical measures
Coquimbo owl
cross platform
cyclotheric sedimentation
dc data set
determinable freeholds
diacetylurea
dicumarols
elasto-aerodynamics
erosional vacuity
erotematic
final thermomechanicaltreatment
Gamu
general most favoured nation clause
glory of the snow
green goodss
gyroso-
hally
haylee
hofners
hydrated stock
hyperthite
idiologism
in the jug
incidental cost
ioduretted
items sample
keep on trucking
kindjals
koevoets
laminated clay
Lasianthus formosensis
leveling off
macro-observation
magmatic circulation
marine windscreen
mGal, mgal
moisture measurer for sand and stone
muscle scars
N.C.
nbcc
nobeliums
nuclenoic
NuLab
on-state characteristic
peritoneal tap
phthioic acid
plate mangle
prends
prevention of collision
prolmon tablet
pyramidal cells
raw mast
reactor coolant system cold leg isolation valve
Regranex
relative-entropy
reliability index of generating system
risto
Rubus chiliadenus
sit down to
solti
standard reference materials
starch ester
static stability margin
stochastic procss
strict secrecy
stupiditarian
superior characters
switching pulse
symbiotic action
synedra undulata
synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer
systematic production of substitution lines
thuggish
total corneal transplantation
total variation decreasing scheme
Tuamarina
twin-screw conveyor
TWTA
ultraviolet radiations
unintentional nonlinearity
unquietous
wassily chair
wax string
y.m