时间:2018-12-07 作者:英语课 分类:60秒科学


英语课

人的身高很大程度上取决于基因,其他因素如饮食和环境对身高也有所影响。


Analysis of DNA 1 from 180,000 people finds dozens of gene 2 regions associated with height differences, and shows how researchers can analyze 3 traits that are determined 4 by complex genetics. Karen Hopkin reports


For those of you who love a tall tale, the list of genetic 5 variations that determine human height has just experienced a growth spurt 6. The findings were published by the journal Nature. [Citation to come.]


Height has a lot to do with genetics. If your parents don’t need a step stool to reach the top shelf, you’re probably right up there, too. About 80 percent of height is due to DNA. The rest depends on diet and other environmental factors.


In the new study, researchers analyzed 7 DNA from more than 180,000 people, looking for genetic differences that dictate 8 height. The scientists, part of a consortium called the Genetic Investigation 9 of Anthropocentric Traits (or GIANT), found 180 gene regions that govern how tall we get.


The variants 10, 100 of which were previously 11 unknown, aren’t sprinkled randomly 12 around the genome. Many cluster around sets of genes 13 associated with growth, including 21 variants found in or near genes that regulate the building of bone.


Of course even this new list comes up short. The 180 variations account for only 10 percent of the difference between a jockey and a jumpshooter. But the work shows that research into complex genetic traits is getting off the ground.


—Karen Hopkin

 



1 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
2 gene
n.遗传因子,基因
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
3 analyze
vt.分析,解析 (=analyse)
  • We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
  • The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。
4 determined
adj.坚定的;有决心的
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
5 genetic
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
6 spurt
v.喷出;突然进发;突然兴隆
  • He put in a spurt at the beginning of the eighth lap.他进入第八圈时便开始冲刺。
  • After a silence, Molly let her anger spurt out.沉默了一会儿,莫莉的怒气便迸发了出来。
7 analyzed
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析
  • The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程,因为对他来说,爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 dictate
v.口授;(使)听写;指令,指示,命令
  • It took him a long time to dictate this letter.口述这封信花了他很长时间。
  • What right have you to dictate to others?你有什么资格向别人发号施令?
9 investigation
n.调查,调查研究
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
10 variants
n.变体( variant的名词复数 );变种;变型;(词等的)变体
  • Those variants will be preserved in the'struggle for existence". 这些变异将在“生存竞争”中被保留下来。 来自辞典例句
  • Like organisms, viruses have variants, generally called strains. 与其他生物一样,病毒也有变种,一般称之为株系。 来自辞典例句
11 previously
adv.以前,先前(地)
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
12 randomly
adv.随便地,未加计划地
  • Within the hot gas chamber, molecules are moving randomly in all directions. 在灼热的气体燃烧室内,分子在各个方向上作无规运动。 来自辞典例句
  • Transformed cells are loosely attached, rounded and randomly oriented. 转化细胞则不大贴壁、圆缩并呈杂乱分布。 来自辞典例句
13 genes
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
学英语单词
all-knowings
antiprostate
arterial blood vessel
bastardless
Batamay
bearish
Belorechenskiy
box tail
bring sb to terms
Brong-Ahafo
calcarea hydrica
candidal
cardiac myxoma
cavity wall insulation
chain type furnace
chain-locker
Cissus adnata
coannihilation
cutinization
cyclothemic sedimentation
D-SPINE
daugherties
deck superstructure
diamine-derived azo dye
diplomatique
direct-drive dial
direct-examined
disthene (kyanite)
dual voltage locomotive
economic welfare
elmesky
employment survey
empowerments
engineering casualty
fargesia
filling of tank cars
fire-exit bolts
fish line
fish-scale fracture
Fraquinol
fuel leaker
genomic sequence
Glucoglycinuria
goophead
ground-cherry
Gymnocodiaceae
hardware transparency
hognose
hydrocladia
hypergolic ignition
I'll say
investigation charge
kidding
Kriz virus
Lilium davidii
low coverage
machilus japonica kusanoi
make a great fuss about trifles
mooring armIMODCO
multilevel code
nasal channel
non-polar group
NRV (non-return valve)
octachloropropane
oil production cost
omphalinoid
OOA
orbit decay return mode
orpen
path of load
plummer block keep
policy - making body
polythene film in agriculture
presulfided
processor memory management
push hrough
radio talk show
raminit
removability of slag
semi-vertical configuration
seven - year itch
shorter-range
Sibalom
solidarily
stabitron
sub unit
subtilities
teardrops
temporary bent
the old one
the open road
to get angry
tool engineering
torsion fracture
Tra Thuy
transmission grid
uncorrupt
undamped vibration
underhoof
wildrye
word classes
zinosan