CCTV9英语新闻：How China's economic slowdown affects Africa?
时间：2019-02-18 作者：英语课 分类：cctv9英语新闻2016年
英语课
China is now the number-one trading partner for most African countries. It also has huge investment of more than 20 billion US dollars to the continent. So how will China's economic slowdown influence the African continent? We now turn to our Nairobi studio.
To properly understand why a slowdown in both GDP growth and demand for raw materials from China actually does matter to African economies, look no further than this chart. Up to around the late 90s, there was little link, if any between China’s average GDP growth, and that of economies in Africa. From the start of this century, however, aggregate growth moved in lock-step with each other. Firmly underpinning this growth, was China’s demand for commodities. The total value of trade between the two sides this year is forecast by some to rise to $ 300 B in 2015, which would represent a year-on-year rise of $ 70 B. However, that hides the fact that the overwhelming majority of Sino-African trade, is all about commodities. Here’s a rarely spoken about trend too, between 1996 and 2001 agricultural exports accounted for 22% of exports. Between 2008 to 2013, they had collapsed to barely 5% of the total. So, what does this all mean for the average citizen and company in sub-Saharan Africa? For starters, the slowdown’s effects on trade are likely to be limited to economies heavily reliant on commodity exports, especially these 4 – Nigeria, Zambia, South Africa, and Angola. That, however, doesn’t mean that non-commodity, or more diversified exporters are spared either. Given the overcapacity in industrial steel output in China, steel exports to South Africa now face extra duties in addition to the 10% tariff imposed on them last year. Lower demand for commodities on one hand, and price pressure on the other hand, is hitting manufacturing and mining. Arcelor Mittal has cut 400 jobs already, and it is closing plants as it looks for return to profitability for the first time since 2010. In South Africa alone, over 30 000 jobs are estimated to be at risk this year. The big unknown, at this point, is how China-Africa FDI will be affected by the slowdown. Last year, Chinese firms were building 14% of large infrastructure projects in Africa, but it accounted for less than 10% of the funding across all regions. Whether or not we see a 40% decline in FDI, as we did in exports from Africa to China therefore, is going to take a lot more time, and more data, to discern.