VOA双语新闻 - 报告称众多难民基本需要未获满足

　　A new report finds nearly a third of refugees and other people cared for by the U.N. refugee agency are not getting their basic needs met.

一项新的报告发现，在联合国难民机构受到照顾的难民和其他人当中，有三分之一人的基本需要没有得到满足。

The U.N. refugee agency conducted assessments 1 in eight pilot countries, including Cameroon, Ecuador, Georgia, Rwanda, Thailand, Tanzania, Yemen and Zambia early this year.

联合国难民署今年年初在八个试点国家进行了评估，这些国家包括喀麦隆、厄瓜多尔、格鲁吉亚、卢旺达、泰国、坦桑尼亚、也门和津巴布韦。

Refugees living in camps, as well as those living in urban areas were surveyed. So were internally displaced and stateless people.

接受调查的难民有的住在难民营，有的在城市生活。在国内流离失所的人和无国籍的人士也是调查的对象。

U.N. refugee spokeswoman, Jennifer Pagonis tells VOA aid workers were unprepared for what they found.

联合国难民署发言人帕格尼丝对美国之音说，救援工作人员对他们所发现的情况是没有任何准备的。

"And, the startling finding, I think, was really that 30 percent of the basic needs of refugees are not being met. And, that is for education, health, sanitation 2," said Pagonis. "Very simple things like this that can have such a profound effect on the lives of refugees."

帕格尼丝说：“我认为，调查中令人震惊的是，难民的基本需要有30%没有得到满足，也就是教育、卫生保健和公共卫生等方面。这类非常普通的事情却能对难民的生活产生一种深远的影响。”

Pagonis says refugees living in camps tend to get assistance, such as food, from humanitarian 3 agencies. She says they also live in a slightly more protected environment than do urban refugees.

帕格尼丝说，住在难民营的难民一般可以从人道主义机构得到像食品等这类援助。她说，跟住在城市的难民相比，这些难民的生活环境有稍微多一些的保护。

She says the concerns of refugees living in cities are different. She says they may be living in apartments, may lack documents and may face eviction 4 or deportation 5. She says urban refugees tend to need more legal protection from the UNHCR.

帕格尼丝说，住在城市的难民面临的问题有所不同。她说，他们可能住在公寓里，可能没有身份证件，还可能被驱赶或者被驱逐出境。帕格尼丝说，城市难民或许需要在法律方面得到更多联合国难民署的保护。

She says the report was done in Georgia before the latest conflict in August. She says aid workers looked at the plight 6 of some 100,000 refugees and displaced people who fled from the breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia in the 1990's.

帕格尼丝说，他们对格鲁吉亚的调查是在8月份发生最近冲突之前进行的。援助人员调查了大约10万名难民和流离失所的人的境况，他们都是1990年代从分离的南奥塞梯和阿布哈兹逃出来的。

She says they are still living in collective centers.

帕格尼丝说，他们仍然生活在收容中心。

"And, the conditions in those collective centers could only be described as deplorable. Lack of access to water, lack of access to a functioning sewage system. Very, very basic things. Very cramped 7 conditions. Whole families from grandmothers down to grand children living in one room," added Pagonis. "These are the kinds of conditions that were found. And, as a consequence of this there were family tensions. Children were not going to school. There were problems with health from lack of sanitation and access to clean water."

帕格尼丝说：“那些收容中心的条件只能用悲惨两字来形容，那里没有水、没有完善的下水道系统。这些都是非常非常基本的东西。居住环境也非常拥挤。祖孙三代一住在一个房间里。这些是在调查中发现的问题。其结果，家庭成员之间关系紧张。小孩子没有学上。居住环境没有污水排放系统，没有洁净水。”

Pagonis says each of the eight pilot countries surveyed had their own tragic 8 stories to tell. While the refugee situations differ, Pagonis says they share a sense of common deprivation 9.

帕格尼丝说，接受调查的八个国家各有悲惨的情况。尽管难民的处境各有不同，但是他们共同之处就是，他们丧失了一切。

She says the assessments identify areas which should be improved. These include access to asylum 10 systems, registration 11, documentation and border monitoring. She says child protection and measures to prevent sexual abuse and violence also need to be strengthened.

她说，这项评估报告确认了一些应该改善的方面，包括建立收容制度，对难民进行登记、发给他们身份证件以及边境监控。

She says the UNHCR will ask donors 12 for $63.5 million to provide more of the refugees' unmet needs.

帕格尼丝表示，联合国难民署请求捐助国提供6千350万美元，以更多地满足难民的基本需要。