时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:GRE作文


英语课

   二、类比在ARGUMENT中的运用。


  Argument是驳论性文章,也就是找一段文字中的错误,进行有理有据的驳斥。一般来说,argument比issue容易些,因为错误的类别其实很固定的,俗称“七宗罪”。在这七宗罪中就有三宗是跟类比有关系的,分别是:misapplied generalization(概括误用,即以大推小);hasty generalization(匆忙概括,即以小推大);faulty analogy(错误类比)。不管是哪一种错误,只要是跟类比扯上关系,在驳斥时,我们都可以把它简化成一件事---找相异性。因为对于类比关系而言,它成立的前提和基础就是相似性,所以只要找到所比较两者间的相异性,那么再有逻辑的推理也是不成立的。我们举个很简单的例子来说明这个道理。如有这样一个观点:
  你应该请在埃里克的派对中请的那支相同的乐队,因为他们很棒。
  在进行驳斥时,千万不要花时间去论证埃里克所请的那支乐队是否很棒,这不是问题的关键。关键是找到两个派对的相异性,只要能证明这两个派对没有可比性,那么无论那支乐队棒或不棒,都不该请。我们可以从派对参与人数(比如你的派对1000人,埃里克只有10人),派对参与对象(你的派对全是年轻人,埃的派对平均年龄88),派对场所(你的派对在户外大广场,埃的在室内)等等方面提出假设,进行驳斥。

标签: GRE 写作
学英语单词
aggro
alphanumeric string variable
antiscabietics
attentive to
automatic feed water regulating system
bikeathon
boiling up
Burlton
caplins
capture mechanism
carrier cells
cartaphilus
catch sight of
cephalohaematomas
cerebellar agenesia hemisphere
cerimetry
choir school
correctly
correlating measuring instrument
curved beam
Defense Technical Information Center
demostrar
diagram circuit
Dinamoebidiales
disc lightning arrester
doyle-scribner rule
duquemin
dyadic permeabillity
false labour
familles
family Avicenniaceae
field-sequential system
filtered centrifugal separator
fish kettles
fourths
freight on board
fuzzy orbit
galvanized barbed roofing nail
gastehaus
grassblade
Hanau articulation quint
hot-water circulation pipe
HPPI
hypocythaemia
image phase-constant
incremental inductance permeability
ineligibly
INMARSAT SES
inquestionably
intermediate foresight
internuncioships
intestinal perforation
living hells
longitudinal wave probe
make-ready time
mission creep
mountain meal
multiperiodic
nail cuticle
Negotiated Underwriting
optoelectronic diodes
page feed-out
Pantosin
Pauli, Wolfgang
pcb mask
penilloate
picnickery
policy culture
polygonum virginatum filiforme
potential evidence
pressure ripple
propriety officer
pseodopsia
pued
pulse-link repeater
puts under
quercetin rutinoside
rate of small container truck
recreation vehicle
sacrifiers
salband
samarins
scientia
security features
seductresses
semi monocoque structure
Seurre
shamefacedness
silk-making
sodium phenylacetate
spacing block
specific surface of soil
speroes
St-Ghislain
T-slot piston
ukrainite
unprovided for
upward rushing of yellow fluid
vapour check
vasa efferentias
voyeur
working allowable stress