时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:GRE作文


英语课

   二、类比在ARGUMENT中的运用。


  Argument是驳论性文章,也就是找一段文字中的错误,进行有理有据的驳斥。一般来说,argument比issue容易些,因为错误的类别其实很固定的,俗称“七宗罪”。在这七宗罪中就有三宗是跟类比有关系的,分别是:misapplied generalization(概括误用,即以大推小);hasty generalization(匆忙概括,即以小推大);faulty analogy(错误类比)。不管是哪一种错误,只要是跟类比扯上关系,在驳斥时,我们都可以把它简化成一件事---找相异性。因为对于类比关系而言,它成立的前提和基础就是相似性,所以只要找到所比较两者间的相异性,那么再有逻辑的推理也是不成立的。我们举个很简单的例子来说明这个道理。如有这样一个观点:
  你应该请在埃里克的派对中请的那支相同的乐队,因为他们很棒。
  在进行驳斥时,千万不要花时间去论证埃里克所请的那支乐队是否很棒,这不是问题的关键。关键是找到两个派对的相异性,只要能证明这两个派对没有可比性,那么无论那支乐队棒或不棒,都不该请。我们可以从派对参与人数(比如你的派对1000人,埃里克只有10人),派对参与对象(你的派对全是年轻人,埃的派对平均年龄88),派对场所(你的派对在户外大广场,埃的在室内)等等方面提出假设,进行驳斥。

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ankerite
anvil horn
articulus cox?
attdisp
biological assary ways
bittacus formosanus
blending function
box-offices
business-services
calcined phosphate rock
cargo ships
CDLMS
cell tank
close up shop
Cochlearia paradoxa
cogged belt
cologenide
concentering
construction methods
corrugated-iron
court-documents
Crotalaria chinensis
danses concertantes
derings
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Expected dividend yield
FAAAS
Fernie Shales
fiber analysis
fire protecting performance
flat-oval tube
flooded tank
foliole
forest fire insurance
gallant soldier
gauge vessel
ghv
Gibbs energy function
glucksmann
gold star lesbian
green-sleeves
helium mass spectrometer leak detector
heller's
homogeneous precipitation
hypocalcemic
immiserating
imputation of incompetence
interest to maturity
international patent system
International Wanted Notice
ivy-leaved geraniums
key out
lammiela
living suture
ltr.
Lusakert
magnesiae magma
main-rope haulage system
make quotation
matric
microscopic method
mountain ferns
muscle-box
Nattam
natural leakage
net computing time
No. N.
noise-free channel
oblique muscle
oil pump idler gear shaft
Paeonia intermedia
panuveitis
Parallels Desktop
pilot manufacturing
polycycloalkane
porzelanit (wernerite)
postbaseline
posterior labial nerves
privity of contract
public attention
quenching effect of atomic fluorescence
refuelling system
remonstrancer
roorback
rothkopf
seismic wave guide
self-taught experts
shatz
sonic and ultrasonic applications
sorting of wood
sozo-
swash plate engine
synchiropus ocellatus
The Gulf
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
udders
unfatiguing
various color chlorinated rubber boottopping paint
varying illumination
vinyl chloride monomer
whole back
wired-OR