98.3b上海英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试

SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once.
While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have
enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You are
required to write ONE word or figure only in each blank. You will not get your ANSWER
BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.
When a child reaches the age of around eight to __________ (1), for the first time in his life
the idea of love is changed from being loved into loving. As he grows into a(n)
___________________(2) eventually, he has overcome his _______________(3). For him now,
to give has become more satisfactory and more joyous 1 than to ______________________(4); to
love has become more important even than being loved.
Related to this change is the development of the ____________(5) of love. When a child
grows up, his _________________(6) to mother gradually ______________(7) some of its vital
significance and his relationship to ______________________(8) becomes more and more
important.
There are essential ___________(9) in quality between motherly love and fatherly love.
Motherly love is by nature _____________________________(10). Mother loves a child not
because the child has _________________________(11) any specific condition, or has lived up
to any specific __________________(12).
But the ________________(13) to father is quite different. Father does not represent the
______________(14) world. He represents the world of thought, of ___________________(15)
and order, of discipline, and of travel and ____________________(16). Father is the one who
shows the child the road into the ___________________(17).
Fatherly love is ___________________________(18) love. Its principle is "I love you
becuase you fulfil my expectations, because you do your duty." Fatherly love has a negative and
a ___________________(19) aspect. The negative aspect is that fatherly love can be
_________________(20) if the child does not do what is expected of him.
Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ. Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences
only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese write your version in the
corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
(1)___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
(2)___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
(3)___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(4)___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
(5)___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages
only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in
the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are
listening.
(1)___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(2)___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
SECTION 5: READING TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the
questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read
and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1~3
Americans are recycling more paper than ever before. But for recycling to reduce the
amount of virgin 3 materials used and to reduce pollution, more demand is needed for recycled
products.
The American Forest & Paper Association (AFPA) reports that 63 percent of newsprint was
recovered in 1996, up from 43 percent in 1990, to become an important new source of paper
fibers 5.
"Recovered fiber 4 is becoming as important a source of raw material as virgin fiber--or
trees," says Elizabeth Seiler, a recycling expert with the industry group. "Paper recycling is
experiencing phenomenal growth. We now look at recovered fibers as a raw material, and
recovered fiber now represents 30 percent of the supply of raw materials industry-wide." Ms.
Selier explains.
The AFPA estimates the overall United States paper recovery rate is 45 percent, with the
goal of 50 percent paper recovery by 2000.
But recycling advocates say that isn't enough. "The key issue remains 6 demand," says Amy
Perry. Solid Wasts Program Director of MASSPIRG, a consumer and environmental watchdog
group. "We need to ensure that the economics work towards recycling's advantage. With greater
demand fro recycled paper, the mills will use more recovered material."
To that end, MASSPIRG is coordinating 7 a national effort with other states with similar
watchdog groups to have state and municipal governments around the country adopt
recycled-paper puchasing requirements like those of the federal government.
A 1993 federal executive order required the government to buy recycled paper with 20
percent post-consumer materials as of Dec. 31, 1994. The standard increases to 30 percent in
1998. The U.S. government is the world's largest publisher, and the excutive order instantly
created demand.
Recycled paper has pre-and post-consumer waste in it. Post-consumer waste is derived
from recycled newspapers, magazines, and office waste. Pre-consumer waste is paper-mill
trimmings and cuttings--paper that did not ever reach end users.
Paper processing requires use of toxins 8. After pulping 10, the pulp 9 is bleached 11 with chlorine
dioxide to produce white paper. Bleaching 12 yields as many as 1,000 different toxic
organochlorides, of which dioxin is the most dangerous.
Recycling paper saves trees, diverts paper from the landfills, reduces the use of toxic
chemicals, and saves energy.
According to Ted 2 Vansant, president of Recycled Paper Printing Inc., a Boston-based paper
supplier that uses and sells only recycled paper, the number of different recycled papers has
increased. "There is more variety of recycled paper available within each grade," he says.
But there is still more to be done:"The challenge for the paper industry as we look to the
future, and as we reach further into the waste stream is to find more sources for clean, high
quality, not contaminated fibers," Seiler says.
1. Introduce briefly 13 the nature of the organization MASSPIRG and similar watchdog groups.
2. List the advantages of paper recycling.
3. Explain the phrases "virgin material" (para. 1) and "phenomental growth" (para. 3).
Questions 4~6
A CHEER went up from most students when the announcement came over the intercom at
Centennial High School. Teachers across the province were going out on strike this morning, in
protest against the Ontario government's education reforms. But for other students, the news
could not have been worse.
"It really makes me angry," says Sarah Wright, a senior preparing for college. "This is going
to ruin my (school) year."
The showdown between teachers' unions and the government in Ontario, Canada's largest
province, will keep 2.1 million students out of class starting today.
Last minuts talks still going yesterday, with former Chief Justice of Ontario Charles Dubin as
referee.
The teachers' union, in announcing the strike, said their actions were a 'political protest' as
well as a strike. At issue is who will make policy: the cost-cutting Conservative government, or
the unions that represent the 126,000 teachers.
The teachers oppose education reforms in Bill 60, legislation now before the Ontario
Legislature. They say certain sections of the bill cut them out of the decision-making process.
"Teachers across this province are concerned about the undemocratic nature of this bill,"
say Eileen Lennon, president of the Ontario Teachers' Federation 14. "Schools are put into the
shared trust of teachers, parents, communities, and government. We want the parents, teachers,
and communities to have some input 15 into school policy."
The government wants teachers to spend time in the classroom, to extend the school year,
and to have one standard set of examinations so students across the province are measured
uniformly. The government also wants the freedom to make significant spending cuts.
The premier 16 of Ontario, Michael Harris, bought television time after the strike was
announced to explain his government's reforms. Harris, who wa elected on a promise to cut taxes,
said Ontario school taxes has doubled over the past 10 years performance on international test
scores has declined.
"Our plan is about moving the focus on education away from the blank-check spending
mentality that has failed, to a new accountability where we focus on the student in the
classrooms," said harris."Choosing an illegal strike punishes only parents and their children."
Harris criticized the time high school teachers spend in the classroom, just 3.75 hours a day.
He also wants to use people other than teachers to handle non-academic subjects, such as car
repair.
The premier moved to win the support of parents by ordering local school boards to pay
parents $ 40 a day to cover daycare costs while the teachers are out on strike.
The talks have been so acrimonious 17 that earlier this month the premier fired the education
minister and appointed a new one, David Johnson, a move that has done little to placate 18 the
teachers.
High school student Sarah Wright feels caught up in a political war.
"We've been listening to the teachers side of the story for the past year," she says.
"Many students go along with the teachers because they don't know any better. I don't think
they've really thought it through. If it goes on for a couple of months, I'll go to another province
to finish high school. This is stupid."
Local school boards, who employ the teachers, say they may take legal action against the
union leaders and maybe the teachers who do not show up for work today.
4. Why do Ontario teachers oppose the government's education reforms?
5. What does Ontario government say about the current education situation in high schools?
6. Why does the author cite the example of Sarah Wright?
Questions 7~10
A sharp rise in the abortion 19 rate after the health scare over the contraceptive Pill will be
revealed in official figures to be released on Thursday, raising fresh criticism of ministers over
their handling of the affair.
The number of abortions 20 leapt by 6.7 per cent in November in the aftermath of the 1995 Pill
scare, but the latest figures are expected to show a further worrying increase as the full impact
begins to be felt.
The release of the abortion statistics by the Government will be coupled with a report by
the Government's expert advisory 21 body, the Committee on the Safety of Medicines, which is
expected to stand by the action which led to the scare.
Stephen Dorrell, the Secretary of State for Health, who will face questions today in the
Commons, was criticised for "bungling 22" the release of the warnings about seven contraceptive
pills linked with a higher incidence of thrombosis in October 1995.
The CSM was criticised by the World Health Organisation 23 for the way the information it
passed on about the possible link between the contraceptive pill and thrombosis was released in
Britain.
But ministers bore the brunt of t he criticism for their handling of the crisis which led to
GPs being flooded with inquiries 24, and claims that women had suffered unwanted pregnancies
because they had stopped taking their contraceptives. Chris Smith, labour's spokesman for health,
said last night:"We have already seen an alarming rise in the number of abortions carried out
after some brands of the Pill were withdrawn 25 in October 1995. The main culprit is the
Government, which bungled 26 the announcement and failed to ensure that GPs and family
planning professionals had the news before the public did. As a result many women--unable to
get through to their doctor--simply stopped taking the Pill altogether. I fear that the new figures
will show a further rise."
The advisory committee made it clear that women should continue to take their
contraceptive pill, until they were able to see their doctor or visit their family planning clinic.
However, many women panicked after the warnings that they may be at risk.
The criticism of ministers was increased because the warnings were leaked, before GPs has
been informed. Mr. Dorrell defended his role, stressing that the advisory committee has advised
there was "an urgent need to communicate the new evidence and appropriate recommendations
to the professions and to the public prior to publication of the evidence."
The figures for the first quarter of 1996 showed a 2,688 rise in the number of abortions to a
total 42,990--the highest number sine 1990. The latest figures cover the period April to July last
year, which could spell out the human tragedy for women who told doctors the unwanted
pregnancies has ruined their lives.
The issue is also likely to highlight the campaign by the Pro-life Alliance, which is
threatening to field more than 50 anti-abortion candidates in the election, and within the next
two weeks will release a graphic 27 film depicting 28 the facts about abortion for use as an election
broadcast on British television screens.
7. Why is there a sharp rise in the abortion rate over the past few years in Britain?
8. What does the abbreviation CSM stand for? Why was it criticised by the World Health
Organisation?
9. What viewpoint do Chris Smith, Labour's spokesman for health, and Mr. Dorrell have in
common about the warning of contraception pills?
10. Explain the word "culprit" used in paragraph 7 and the phrase "spell out" in paragraph 10.
SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)
Direcitons: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the
corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
在一个极为漫长的历史阶段中，人类只能通过音乐表演和口授来传播音乐。当人类发
明了乐谱后，音乐便开始脱离表演而演变成“文字”得以记录和传播。然后，人类音乐传
播的真正革命性里程碑的建立者无疑是科学家们。他们创造了令人叹为观止的音乐传播手
段，人最早的机械“留声机”到今天五花八门的“电子媒体”。在20 世纪诸多的音乐传播
手段中，无线电广播的发明和发展对音乐的传播起了极为重要的作用。然而，高科技的高
速发展也使我国广播音乐工作者在新世纪中面临着严峻的挑战。